La escritura de resumenes de textos en ingles como lengua extranjera es un tema que ha recibido mayor atencion de los expertos en el contexto internacional que en el nacional. Desde una perspectiva discursivo-funcional, y sobre la base de un corpus de cien resumenes redactados en ingles, nos propusimos averiguar como los aprendices incluyen en sus textos las funciones discursivas del texto fuente y como utilizan las marcas discursivas para senalar estas funciones. Para ello se utilizo el patron textual Problema-Solucion propuesto por Hoey (2001). Los resultados del analisis muestran que la mayoria de los estudiantes incluyo en sus resumenes las funciones jerarquicamente mas importantes del texto original. La estructura to be about fue utilizada con mayor frecuencia para introducir el topico del texto fuente y el verbo to evaluate para reportar el proposito de la investigacion. Los resultados evidencian que la mayoria de los estudiantes tiene las habilidades necesarias para identificar las diferentes funciones discursivas en el texto original y para reconstruir, con sus propias palabras, un texto nuevo respetando estas funciones. Summary Writing in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) ABSTRACT Summary writing in English as a foreign language has been investigated internationally more than locally. From a discursive-functional perspective and on the basis of the problem-solution textual pattern (Hoey, 2001), we analyzed a corpus of one hundred summaries of a scientific news article, written in English by Spanish speaking high school students. We aimed at finding out how the learners include the discursive functions of the source text in their writings and how these functions are linguistically signaled. The results show that the majority of students included in their summaries the hierarchically most important functions of the original text. To be about was the most common structure used to introduce the topic of the original text while the verb to evaluate was most widely used to report the purpose of the source text. These findings indicate that the majority of the participants are discursively and linguistically competent not only to identify the different discourse functions of the original text, but also to reconstruct, in their own words, a new and coherent text. La redaction de resumes en anglais langue etrangere (ALE) RESUME Les specialistes etrangers ont etudie la redaction de resumes de textes en anglais langue etrangere plus que ceux du Venezuela. Sur la base d’une approche discursive-fonctionnelle, et d’un corpus de cent resumes rediges en anglais, nous nous sommes consacres a determiner comment les etudiants incluent les fonctions discursives du texte source dans leurs textes et comment ils emploient les marques discursives pour remarquer ces fonctions-la. Le modele textuel Probleme-Solution propose par Hoey (2001) a ete employe dans le travail. D’apres les resultats de l’analyse, la plupart des etudiants ont inclus les fonctions hierarchiquement les plus importantes du texte source dans leurs textes. La structure to be abou t est celle qui a ete la plus employee pour introduire le sujet du texte source et le verbe to evaluate a ete le verbe le plus utilise pour rapporter l’objectif de la recherche. Les resultats montrent aussi que la plupart des etudiants ont les capacites necessaires pour identifier les fonctions discursives dans le texte source et pour reconstruire —avec leurs propres mots— un nouveau texte en respectant ces fonctions. A producao de resumos em ingles como lingua estrangeira (ILE) RESUMO A escritura de resumos de textos em ingles como lingua estrangeira e um tema que tem recebido mais atencao por parte dos especialistas no âmbito internacional do que no nacional. A partir da abordagem discursivo-funcional, e com base em um corpus de cem resumos redigidos em ingles, estabelecemos como intuito deste trabalho pesquisar como os estudantes incluem em seus textos as funcoes discursivas do texto origem e como utilizam as marcas discursivas para destacar essas funcoes. Para isso, foi utilizado o padrao textual Problema-Solucao proposto por Hoey (2001). Os resultados desta analise demonstram que a maioria dos estudantes incluiu em seus resumos as funcoes hierarquicamente mais importantes do texto original. A estrutura to be about foi utilizada mais frequentemente para introduzir o topico do texto origem e o verbo to evaluate para reportar o objetivo da pesquisa. Os resultados evidenciam que a maioria dos estudantes tem as aptidoes necessarias nao so para identificar as diferentes funcoes discursivas o texto original, mas tambem para reconstruir, com suas proprias palavras, um texto novo respeitando estas funcoes.
Abstract. In this work an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) approach is used to investigate the Argo array spatial sampling necessary in the Mediterranean Sea to recover the mesoscale signal as seen by altimetry. The monitoring of the mesoscale features is not an initial objective of the Argo network. However, it is an interesting question in the perspective of future network extensions in order to improve the ocean state estimates. A quality assessment of the performances of the altimeter product is carried out to quantify the differences between Argo and altimetry needed to conduct the simulation experiments. The method used here to evaluate the altimeter data is based on the comparison of Sea Level Anomalies (SLA) from altimetry and Dynamic Height Anomalies (DHA) referred to both 400 and 900 dbar computed from the in-situ Argo network. A standard deviation of the differences between SLA and DHA of 4.92 cm is obtained when comparing altimetry and Argo data referred to 400 dbar. The simulation experiments show that a configuration similar to the current Argo array in the Mediterranean (with a spatial resolution of 2° × 2°) is only able to recover the large-scale signals of the basin. On the contrary, the SLA field reconstructed from a 0.75° x 0.75° Argo network can retrieve most of the mesoscale signal. Such an Argo array of around 450 floats in the Mediterranean Sea would be enough to recover the SLA field with an RMSE of 3 cm for spatial scales higher than 150 km, similar to those captured by the altimetry.