Sweet cherry breeding, an ongoing program at the Horticultural Research Institute of Ontario since 1915, has resulted in the naming of 13 cultivars: ‘Victor’, ‘Velvet’, and ‘Vernon’ (Dickson, 1948); ‘Vista’, ‘Venus’, and ‘Vic’ (Dickson, 1958); ‘Valera’ and ‘Vega’ (Bradt et al., 1968); ‘Viva’ (Tehrani and Dickson, 1973); ‘Vogue’ (Tehrani and Dickson, 1974); ‘Viscount’ (Tehrani, 1984) and now ‘Vandalay’ (Fig. 1) and ‘Tehranivee’ (Fig. 2). ‘Vandalay’ is a new self-fertile, earlyto mid-season sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) suited for the fresh market. It is productive, large-sized, wine-red in color, and of good quality. ‘Vandalay’ matures at the same time as ‘Bing’ and, with its kidney shape, resembles ‘Bing’ in appearance. The name ‘Vandalay’ was chosen by Dr. Ghassem Tehrani to recognize William Lay’s 25 years of service to the cherry program at Vineland Station. ‘Tehranivee’ is a new self-fertile, midto late-season sweet cherry suited for the fresh market. It is productive, large-sized, mahogany in color, and of good quality. ‘Tehranivee’ matures slightly later than ‘Hedelfingen’ and, with its flat-round shape, it resembles ‘Burlat’ in appearance. ‘Tehranivee’ was selected by the late Dr. Ghassem Tehrani and, following his untimely death, was named in his honor by his colleagues. Based on counts at fruit maturity, both ‘Vandalay’ and ‘Tehranivee’ are quite resistant to rain-induced cracking and are superior to ‘Bing’. Both cultivars belong to Pollen Incompatibility Group 0 (Universal Donors).
Exposure of the cranberry Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. cult McFarlin to an accumulation of chilling temperatures below 7 C was required to break dormancy of the terminal bud. Dormant mixed-terminal buds that were not exposed to chilling temperatures did not initiate new growth even under long photoperiods. The number of days to bud break after termination of the chilling treatments was reduced as the length of the chilling treatments was increased. Rate of growth and final shoot length were also affected, but were more dependent on postchilling conditions than on the length of chilling. Chilling periods of 100 days or more were required for the induction of floral development. Chilling for less than 100 days usually resulted in vegetative growth only. Bud break after 125 days of chilling was more rapid when cyclic chilling conditions included a period of approximately 10 C during the day. The floral primordia of terminal buds in the field recommenced development in late February or early March and were well differentiated by the end of April.
The role of applied gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) and endogenous gibberellins in the dormancy requirement of the cranberry Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. cult McFarlin was investigated. Application of GA 3 to unchilled dormant plants resulted in only vegetative growth of the terminal buds. Extraction and bioassay of gibberellin-like substances from both terminal buds and leaves during the 1969–70 season indicate a translocation of these substances from leaves to terminal buds between March 9 and April 6. This coincided with the time of elongation of the terminal buds in the field. The timing of this translocation suggests that these gibberellin-like substances do not play an important role in flower-bud development at this stage.
Abstract The design and operation of a flexible multiple aquarium arrangement consisting of units large enough to handle reasonable numbers of whole aquatic plants are described. The reported technique IS for. herbicide assessment, but other. applications are possible. the system provides both aeration and water circulation within individual aquaria and is flexible and inexpensive.
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