Herein we present the case of a 12-year-old boy who attended our clinic for obesity and hyperphagia. As a newborn he was noted to have diffuse muscular hypotonia and poor sucking response. At the age of 11 years, he was admitted to hospital for respiratory insufficiency. He had personality disorders characterized by temper tantrums and violent outbursts including self-mutilation. Physical evaluation revealed marked central obesity, he had small hands and feet, and also genital hypoplasia. Of the biochemical parameters, hyperglycemia and a low serum testosterone level must be emphasized. The patient fulfills the clinical criteria of typical Prader-Willi syndrome. Cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed a karyotype 47, XXY, del(15)(qll;ql3). To our knowledge this is the first report of the aforementioned genotype expressed as Prader-Willi phenotype in childhood.
Although several reports on male infertility suggest a relationship between chromosome 9 polymorphisms and infertility, the effects on the phenotype have not been extensively reported. In this study, an infertile patient was found to carry a 9qh+++ chromosome. The flow cytometric TUNEL assay and SCD test have been applied to characterize sperm DNA integrity. In order to assess its meiotic behaviour, synapsis, recombination, and aneuploidy, analyses have been also performed. Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) was 77.81% and 87% for the TUNEL and SCD tests, respectively. Ninety-two percent of pachytene cells analyzed showed meiotic abnormalities. The mean number of MLH1 foci per pachytene in the control group was higher (49) than the mean found in the 9qh+++ patient (38) (P < .0001). In spermatozoa, significant increases of disomy rates were observed for chromosome 18 and for the sex chromosomes (P < .0001). These disturbances could be present in other male carriers of a less marked 9qh+.
A female patient with characteristic phenotype of Wolf's syndrome is reported. Chromosomic studies showed that her mother was carrier of pericentric inversion in number 4 chromosome. Genetic mechanism which explain clinical manifestations is discussed.
Prematurity is a significant health issue due to its incidence and associated complications. Anemia is common in extremely preterm infants (EPI) and often requires transfusions. Red blood cells (RBC) from adult blood (AB) donors have been linked to oxygen-related complications in EPI, leading to the exploration of cord blood (CB) as an alternative source. However, standardization of CB-RBC manufacturing and comparison with AB-RBC characteristics are necessary before clinical studies can be conducted.