A field experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2005–06 and 2006–07 with two varieties of wheat (PBW 343 and HUW 234), and seven dates of sowing at kalai(Aligarh), research station of C.S. Azad university of Agriculture and technology, Kanpur. Sowing dates were kept different in order to allow the crops to be exposed to different temperature conditions. Planting time influenced the maturity. Higher grain yield of wheat variety PBW 343 was recorded with planting in second week of November. Similarily variety HUW 234 yielded higher when planted in fourth week of November. The results indicated that wheat yield reduced with increase in daily mean post-anthesis temperature.
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kurukshetra, Haryana has conducted Front Line Demonstrations (FLD) in different villages of Kurukshetra to find out the yield gap between improved package practices applied in FLD with traditional farmers practices (FP) on wheat crop (WH-1105) under irrigated condition.It was observed that, the yield of wheat in FLD were ranges from 54.6 to 56.8 q/ha whereas, in FP it were found 51.2 to 53.6 q/ha during 2017-18 to 2018-19.The percent yield of wheat crop was more in FLD than FP.The Extension gap of wheat crop between FLD and FP was found 3.4 and 3.2 q/ha, technological gap was ranged 8.8 and 6.4 and technological index was 9.0 and 12.6 during 2017-18 and 2018-19 respectively.The average cost benefit ratio was 2:42 and 2:10 in FLD and FP respectively.The yield gap of wheat crop between FLD and FP may be due to the farmers has not followed the instructions as mentioned in Package and Practices of Rabi crop develop by CCSHAU, Hisar from sowing to final harvest period.
The objective of this study was to isolate antimicrobial resistant bacteria from animals, humans and environment, and to characterize them based on phenotypic attributes of resistance. A total of 521 samples were collected from animals (284), humans (69) and environment (168) which resulted in isolation of 615 non-duplicate resistant isolates (to either amoxycillin-clavulanate, ceftazidime, cefixime, meropenem, or imipenem). Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) revealed the highest rate of resistance to cefixime (49.3%) followed by ceftazidime (45%), meropenem (38.1%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (35.3%), and imipenem (13%). Identification recorded Escherichia coli (54.6%), Klebsiella spp. (17%), Citrobacter spp. (7.5%), Enterobacter spp. (6.7%), Acinetobacter spp. (3.0%), Serratia spp. (2.8%), Proteus spp. (2.5%), Shigella spp. (2.5%), and other bacteria (3%). Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), assessed by double disc diffusion test (DDDT) and double disc synergy test (DDST) using amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate, and ceftazidime and ceftazidime-clavulanate/ ceftazidime-tazobactam, was seen among 60 (28.6%) and 47 (22.3%) isolates, respectively. Moreover, 22.5% of the isolates expressed carbapenemase phenotype identified by imipenem-EDTA metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) DDDT/DDST. Out of 30 carbapenem-resistant isolates tested, five isolates (16.6%) exhibited positive MBL E-test. Moreover, positive modified Hodge test was shown by five bacterial isolates (16.6%). The present study proved the wide occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria associated with animals, humans and environment. The phenotypic detection of ESBLs and carbapenemases establishes the preliminary background to more reliable genotypic identification of antimicrobial resistance, and thus aids in rapid clinical diagnosis of MDR bacterial pathogens.
A study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from 32 mastitic milk samples received from lactating cows (12), buffaloes (9) and goats (11) of Tonk district (Rajasthan). Staphylococcus spp. was isolated (n=29) from milk samples by routine cultural technique and confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing and NCBI blast analysis. Among the isolates, prevalence of S. aureus was maximum (41.38%) followed by S. chromogenes (20.70%), S. haemolyticus , S. gallinarum (13.79% each) and S. xylosus (10.34%). On antimicrobial sensitivity test, the Staphyloccocus spp. isolates were found resistant to ampicillin (89.6%), methicilin (79.3%), polymixin-B (82.7%), penicillin-G (79.3%), cefixime (72.4%) and enrofloxacin (55.1%). The resistance against amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin was <50%. The study indicated that Staphylococcus spp. are the major etiologies of mastitis in domestic animals with isolates being resistant to majority of commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of mastitis. All the Staphylococcus isolates tested were susceptible to bacitracin, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, imipenem, doxycycline, gentamicin, chlortetracycline, tetracycline, amikacin and vancomycin and could be used in treatment of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus spp. in the region.
Download This Paper Open PDF in Browser Add Paper to My Library Share: Permalink Using these links will ensure access to this page indefinitely Copy URL Copy DOI
'%3e%3ccircle r='20' fill='%23008'/%3e%3ccircle r='17.5' fill='%23fff'/%3e%3ccircle r='3.5' fill='%23008'/%3e%3cg id='d'%3e%3cg id='c'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cg id='a' fill='%23008'%3e%3ccircle r='.875' transform='rotate(7.5 -8.75 133.5)'/%3e%3cpath d='M0 17.5.6 7 0 2l-.6 5L0 17.5z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(15)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b' transform='rotate(30)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23c' transform='rotate(60)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(120)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(-120)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)
