In this paper,using boron phosphate modified treatment of wood,we measured the treatment of test materials,fireproofing capability,leach resistant,hygroscopicity and mechanical performance.The results showed that,when the in take of BPO4 fire retardant is over 20.47 kg/m3,the omposites reach F-0 rating in the vertical burning test.Through the burning experiment and boron phosphate powder of wood processing in 500 ℃ when burning retention rate can reach 97.997%.This fire-retardant has fine flame resistivity and certain leach resistance to wood,at atmospheric pressure boron phosphate treatment mongolica LRV was 50.28%.Wood arrange grain compressive strength fell by 8.67% on average,and there was obvious change on it.Wood bending strength fell by 27.95% on average.But boron phosphate flame-retardant in high humidity conditions performance needs to be improved and the protective measures should be paid attention to.
Effect of water steaming treatment on A,C/β-zeolite catalysts was investigated by using BET, XRD, IR spectrum of pyridine absorbed. The activity of catalysts was evaluated by fluorescent indicator adsorption method. The result shows that of β-zeolite treated with water steaming makes unstable framework aluminium taken out of carrier. The pore diameter is increased from 2.05×10~(-9) m to 2.43×10~(-9) m. Acid properties is decreased from 0.490 mmol·g~(-1) to 0.329 mmol·g~(-1). Structure of β-zeolite remains unchanged. It is concluded that the activity of catalysts increases greatly, the volume fraction of olefin of FCC gasoline decreases from 47.39% to 30.62%. These meet the requirement of the new standard for producing FCC gasoline.
A non-hydrogenization catalyst for FCC gasoline upgrading under low temperature was synthesized using Hβ zeolite as carrier, non-noble metal nickel and wolfram as main composition, and phosphorous as promoter. The effect of chloridization treatment on Hβ zeolite under different treatment temperature and treatment time was studied. The effect of treatment conditions on physicochemical properties of carrier was investigated using BET technology and catalytic activity evaluation was performed on micro-reactor. The results show that the β-zeolite treated by chloridization appears higher activity and better stability lasting for 2 000 hours when the treatment temperature is 600 ℃ and treatment time is 6 hours. The influence of reaction temperature on product distribution was studied. It can be found that not only the olefin content decreases 18.2% but also the desulfurization ratio reaches to 35.4% under 110 ℃. The catalyst has better reclaiming property and recycled catalyst still exhibits high catalytic activity.
Using the catalytic cracking gasoline as raw materials,propylene was prepared over HZSM-5 zeolite which was treated by hydrothermal method.The catalytic cracking performance of HZSM-5 zeolite loaded and unloaded lanthanum and the optimal loading of lanthanum were investigated.The results showed that after hydrothermal treatment,La loaded HZSM-5 zeolite enhanced the catalyst activity,stability and selectivity to propylene.HZSM-5 zeolite with lanthanum loading of 8% had the best catalytic perform- ance.The propylene yield of 12.51% was obtained under the condition of reaction temperature 550 ℃ and space velocity 4 h~(-1).
A new type of catalyst using the polymerization of α-olefin to produce lubricating base oil was studied. In the protection of N_2,SiO_2/γ-Al_2O_3 been chloridized by Cl_2 is used as catalyst.Under the best reaction conditions,the effects of SiO_2/γ-Al_ 2O_3 mole ratio, volumic ratio of N_2 and Cl_2, chlordizing temperature and time on the performance of catalysts were researched.Kinetic viscosity was used as criterion to appraise catalysts. Results show that the optimal chloridizing conditions are as follows: SiO_2/γ-Al_2O_3 mole ratio is 1,volumic ratio of N_2 and Cl_2 is 0.2, chloridizing temperature is 500 ℃ and chloridizing time4 h. Because of adding SiO_2, this catalyst has not only kept AlCl_3's unusually high activation to olefin-polymerization, but also overcome the strong caustic and much violent response of AlCl_3's deficiency. Through comparing with important evaluations, such as bromine number and kinetic viscosity, the catalyst is appraised.
Higher tertiary aliphatic amines are widely used in a variety of industries, however, there are no manufacturers of them in China. A substantial increment of C 4 fraction touched off by the growing of petroleum industry provides the opportunity for the integration of refining and petrochemicals plant. C 4 olefins can be used as starting materials for aliphatic amine production via butene oligomerization. In this paper, the industrial scale synthetic methods for production of tertiary aliphatic amines including the amination of olefins are reviewed.
Oil shale ash was treated by two-step activation named thermal activation and thermal-chemical activation to dissolve silicon for the following synthesis of β zeolite.Activation mechanism was studied.During the first activation,low-content organics were oxidized to separate;using the 4 mol/L hydrochloric acid,the leaching rates of Fe3+ reached 80.2%;during the second activation,by calcining the mixture of NaOH with previously activated oil shale ash,water-soluble Na2SiO3 which used to be silicon source could formed.When the added amount of NaOH was twice as much as oil shale ash,the leaching rates of Na2SiO3 reached 82.3%.β Zeolite with high purity,crystallining of 82%,could be obtained,and its yield reached 69.4%.
A macroporous zeolite catalyst for olefin-reducing of FCC naphtha was prepared using β zeolite as the carrier and transition metals as the active components. Influences of reaction temperature,reaction pressure,LHSV and catalysts regeneration on the olefin-reducing results were investigated.Olefins volumetric fraction of less than 35%,benzene volumetric fraction of less than 2.5% and aromatics volumetric fraction of less than 40% were obtained under optimum operation condition of(140 ℃),3.6 MPa and LHSV 1.5 h~(-1),after aromatization,isomerization and hydrogen transfer over the catalyst in the absence of hydrogen.Octane number of the product was slightly enhanced.
Pillared layered clays catalysts were prepared from kaolin,NaOH and AlCl_3 and used as the carrier for preparation of Li-Fe/pillared layered clays catalysts by impregnation.Light olefins polymeriza- tion was investigated over the catalyst in a high pressure autoclave to produce lube base oil.Lube base oil yield of up to 58.2%,kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 10.28 mm~2·s~(-1),at 100 ℃ of 2.63 mm~2·s~(-1), viscosity index of 125 and bromine valence of 11.40 g·(100 g)~(-1) were obtained when the Li-Fe/ pillared layered clays catalyst was prepared under the following condition:n (NaOH):n (AlCl_3) = 2.3, reaction temperature 75℃,dosage of the clays 150 g·L~(-1),w(Fe) =6%,w(Li) =6%,calcination at 480℃ for 4 h.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='translate(288.889 -214.211)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='translate(108 342.749)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='translate(469.189 342.749)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)