A frameless multi-view display module that consists of an array of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based projectors, a sparse lenticular lens, and a vertical diffuser is proposed to provide a large-screen autostereoscopic display. The projectors are positioned in a horizontal vector form or in a matrix form in front of the transfer screen in order to produce the same number of three-dimensional (3D) pixels in each cylindrical lens constituting the lenticular lens to increase the horizontal resolution of the module. The projectors generate a slanted two-dimensional array of dots on the vertical diffuser to provide a large number of viewpoints. The experimental display system was constructed using four projectors. The system had a 3D resolution of 160 × 120, and it provided 64 views. The screen size was 14.4 in.
The purpose of this paper is to examine panoramic radiographic features of post-Caldwell-Luc maxillary sinus. A characteristic feature of the post-Caldwell-Luc maxillary sinus on panoramic radiographs is a right-angled triangular shape, due to the absence of a floor of the maxillary sinus, radiopacity of the zygomatic bone, thickening of panoramic innominate line, and flattening of the posterior wall. This triangular shape is comparable to the contracted sinus with thickening posterior walls on CT scans. The CT scans also show contents consisting of low or high density tissue in the contracted sinus. Whereas, in MRI contents show a high signal intensity area in a T1-weighted image and a low signal intensity area in a T2-weighted image. This paper also discusses the history of Caldwell-Luc operation technique. Caldwell-Luc was developed concurrently by George Caldwell in the US and Henri Luc in France in the 1980s. The procedure affords a means of access to infected maxillary sinuses and allows for the inspection, diagnosis, and treatment of maxillary sinus diseases. In a Caldwell-Luc operation, first, the maxillary sinus is opened anteriorly through a gingivobuccal incision positioned in the canine fossa. Next, the primary intrasinus disease may then be treated by evacuation of secretions or by excision of pathologic lesions or mucous membrane. Finally, a nasoantral window is formed.
Here, we report a case of ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer. A 61-year-old woman who underwent colorectal cancer surgery showed elevated CEA levels 30 months later. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)showed no recurrence; however, positron emission tomography-CT revealed a right ovarian mass. Based on these findings, a single-incision laparoscopic surgery was performed to diagnose right ovarian metastasis, and the histopathological diagnosis confirmed ovarian metastasis of colorectal cancer. The patient was recurrence-free at her 12 months postoperative follow-up.
Although the identity of the T cells that protect against bacteria in humans remains unknown, it is clear that patients with bacterial infection have reduced numbers of T cells in their blood. Here we have determined whether this T cell loss is a consequence of bacterial antigen-mediated activation-induced cell death (AICD). By flowcytometric analysis, less than 0.3% of freshly isolated T cells from healthy volunteers and patients with severe pneumonia were identified as apoptotic. However, during culture the rate of apoptosis in peripheral blood T cells from patients was 3.0 +/- 0.9%; and increased further in the presence of anti-CD3 (7.4 +/- 2.1%) and decreased when IL-2 was added (4.4 +/- 1.3%). In contrast, no changes were observed in healthy volunteers on addition of anti-CD3. Further, anti-CD3 significantly increased the susceptibility to apoptosis of CD45RO+ T cells, but not CD45RA+ T cells from patients, and the percentage of CD45RO+ T cells in patients was significantly higher than that in healthy volunteers. Flowcytometric analysis revealed the expression level of Fas to be higher in the patients than healthy volunteers. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that bacteria-reactive T cells were more susceptible to AICD and that Fas-FasL pathways of apoptosis were involved. AICD of CD45RO+ T cells, therefore, provides an explanation for the loss of bacteria-reactive T cells during bacterial infection.
