Abstract Background Establishing primary psychological healthcare system to prevent suicide was eagerly advocated. However, it remains unclear whether such policy-driven and low-cost healthcare systems could be practical, especially with equal benefits for underrepresented children/adolescents. We aimed to examine the real-world practical effects of primary psychological healthcare system in preventing suicide ideation among children/adolescents, particularly underprivileged ones. Method and Findings The study employed an observational, multi-center, population-based and longitudinal design. 19,140 children/adolescents sampled from lower- and middle-income areas of western China (Nanchong) with 1-year followed-ups were included, of which majority to underrepresented underprivileged ones. The primary outcome was the incidence for reporting severe suicide ideation after practicing primary psychological healthcare system at 0.5-year and 1-year follow-ups, as contrasts to baseline. Subgroup analysis was conducted to examine the equal benefits of system for underrepresented children/adolescents. After instigating such system, the risks of reporting suicide ideation for included children/adolescents were found significantly lower compared with the control group at 0.5-year (adjust odds ratios [aOR] 0.28, 95%CI 0.23-0.33; p<0.001) and 1-year follow-ups (aOR 0.28, 95%CI 0.23-0.33; p<0.001). The effects were also observed among underrepresented children/adolescents including “left-behind” children/adolescents, “single-parent” children/adolescents and children/adolescents in especially difficult circumstance (CEDC, all pcorrected < 0.001). The effects in CEDC and “left-behind” children/adolescents were found non-inferior to typical developing cohort (all pcorrected < 0.01). Conclusions Primary psychological healthcare system was practically effective in reducing risks of suicide ideation in children/adolescents in 1-year, at least, but not yet with fully equal benefits for all the underprivileged ones.
With the rapid development of intelligent robotics, the Internet of Things, and smart sensor technologies, great enthusiasm has been devoted to developing next-generation intelligent systems for the emulation of advanced perception functions of humans. Neuromorphic devices, capable of emulating the learning, memory, analysis, and recognition functions of biological neural systems, offer solutions to intelligently process sensory information. As one of the most important neuromorphic devices, Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) have shown great promise in implementing various vital neural functions and good compatibility with sensors. This review introduces the materials, operating principle, and performances of EGTs, followed by discussing the recent progress of EGTs for synapse and neuron emulation. Integrating EGTs with sensors that faithfully emulate diverse perception functions of humans such as tactile and visual perception is discussed. The challenges of EGTs for further development are given.
Given the increasing academic pressures associated with intensified social competition, the role of parental involvement in education has emerged as a pivotal research area, especially within the context of Chinese culture. However, there remains a need to further delineate the characteristic dimensions of parental involvement and to develop appropriate measurement tools to quanitfy such involvements. By the perspective from adolescents’ reports, this study proposed a psychometric and theoretical framework for understanding Chinese adolescents' perceptions to thier parental involvement. We adopted a mixed-methods approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative research methods. In Study 1, we conducted structural interviews with adolescents aged 12 to 18, applying grounded theory to analyze their perceptions of parental involvement. This process led to the identification of four preliminary characteristic dimensions: emotional involvement, academic involvement, life involvement, and social involvement. Based on these identified conceptional dimensions, Study 2 involved the creation of a measurement questionnaire designed to assess these perceptions. Through exploratory factor analysis, we developed a four-dimensional 21-items questionnaire showing high conceptional validity. Study 3 focused on validating these dimensions through confirmatory factor analysis and criterion-related validity tests conducted on the national samples. The results demonstrated strong reliability and construct validity for this questionnaire, confirming the effectiveness of the scale as a robust tool for measuring adolescents' perceptions of parental involvement. In conclusion, this research provides a new understanding of the characteristic dimensions of adolescents' perceptions of parental involvement and introduces an effective measurement tool.
Importance Neuroimaging-based artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic models have proliferated in psychiatry. However, their clinical applicability and reporting quality (ie, feasibility) for clinical practice have not been systematically evaluated. Objective To systematically assess the risk of bias (ROB) and reporting quality of neuroimaging-based AI models for psychiatric diagnosis. Evidence Review PubMed was searched for peer-reviewed, full-length articles published between January 1, 1990, and March 16, 2022. Studies aimed at developing or validating neuroimaging-based AI models for clinical diagnosis of psychiatric disorders were included. Reference lists were further searched for suitable original studies. Data extraction followed the CHARMS (Checklist for Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modeling Studies) and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines. A closed-loop cross-sequential design was used for quality control. The PROBAST (Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool) and modified CLEAR (Checklist for Evaluation of Image-Based Artificial Intelligence Reports) benchmarks were used to systematically evaluate ROB and reporting quality. Findings A total of 517 studies presenting 555 AI models were included and evaluated. Of these models, 461 (83.1%; 95% CI, 80.0%-86.2%) were rated as having a high overall ROB based on the PROBAST. The ROB was particular high in the analysis domain, including inadequate sample size (398 of 555 models [71.7%; 95% CI, 68.0%-75.6%]), poor model performance examination (with 100% of models lacking calibration examination), and lack of handling data complexity (550 of 555 models [99.1%; 95% CI, 98.3%-99.9%]). None of the AI models was perceived to be applicable to clinical practices. Overall reporting completeness (ie, number of reported items/number of total items) for the AI models was 61.2% (95% CI, 60.6%-61.8%), and the completeness was poorest for the technical assessment domain with 39.9% (95% CI, 38.8%-41.1%). Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review found that the clinical applicability and feasibility of neuroimaging-based AI models for psychiatric diagnosis were challenged by a high ROB and poor reporting quality. Particularly in the analysis domain, ROB in AI diagnostic models should be addressed before clinical application.
This work demonstrates a dual-gate P3HT-based electrolyte transistor for the emulation of spatiotemporal signal integration and memory functions of biological hetero-synapses.
Objective
To construct the key elements of mental care program for cancer patients based on Swanson′s caring theory.
Methods
Based on Swanson′s caring theory, using expert group discussion and Delphi expert inquiry, screening indicators to establish psychosocial care program for cancer patients.
Results
The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert inquiries were 100% (34/34) and 94.12% (32/34), respectively. The coefficient of authority of experts was 0.89, and the coefficient of coordination of expert opinions was 0.411. The final training system includes five first-level indicators, 17 second-level indicators and 89 third-level indicators.
Conclusion
The mental care program can provide reference for clinical practice.
Key words:
Cancer patients; Swanson care theory; Delphi method
Objective
To explore the effects of hospital-home-nursing (HHN) trinity model in the patients with malignant tumor of digestive system in the advanced stage.
Methods
Totally 110 patients with advanced tumor were selected and equally divided into an observation group (from October 2015 to June 2016) and a control group (from January 2015 to September 2015) based on the admission date. The patients in the control group received conventional terminal nursing and psychological nursing, while the patients in the observation group received nursing with the HHN trinity model on this basis. Then the psychological distress and meaning of life were compared between the patients in the two groups.
Results
One month after they were discharged from hospital, the patients in the observation group were scored (5.94±2.13) for psychological distress, lower than (7.03±2.27) of the patients in the control group (t=-2.296, P=0.020) . The family members of the patients in the observation group were scored (5.22±1.83) for psychological distress, lower than (6.48±1.54) of the patients in the control group (t=-2.247, P=0.023) . And the patients in the observation group were scored higher in the dimensions of meaning of life, misery bearing and death acceptance than the patients in the control group (t=2.095, 2.806, 2.260; P<0.05) .
Conclusions
The HHN trinity model which integrates the forces of the hospital, nurses and family members for treatment, home and psychological nursing, can solve the real problems of patients, improve their quality of life, and better achieve the nursing objectives for patients with advanced tumor.
Key words:
Neoplasms; Quality of life; Hospital-home-nursing model; Survival time
Multifunctional intelligent wearable electronics, providing integrated physiological signal analysis, storage, and display for real-time and on-site health status diagnosis, have great potential to revolutionize health monitoring technologies. Advanced wearable systems combine isolated digital processor, memory, and display modules for function integration; however, they suffer from compatibility and reliability issues. Here, we introduce a flexible multifunctional electrolyte-gated transistor (EGT) that integrates synaptic learning, memory, and autonomous discoloration functionalities for intelligent wearable application. This device exhibits synergistic light absorption coefficient changes during voltage-gated ion doping that modulate the electrical conductance changes for synaptic function implementation. By adaptively changing color, the EGT can differentiate voltage pulse inputs with different frequency, amplitude, and duration parameters, exhibiting excellent reversibility and reliability. We developed a smart wearable monitoring system that incorporates EGT devices and sensors for respiratory and electrocardiogram signal analysis, providing health warnings through real-time and on-site discoloration. This study represents a significant step toward smart wearable technologies for health management, offering health evaluation through intelligent displays.
Abstract Massive increases in the risks of depressive disorders and the ensuing suicide have become the overarching menace for children/adolescents. Despite global consensus to instigate psychological healthcare policy for these children/adolescents, their effects remain largely unclear neither from a small amount of official data nor from small-scale scientific studies. More importantly, in underprivileged children/adolescents in lower-middle-economic-status countries/areas, the data collection may not be as equally accessible as in developed countries/areas, thus resulting in underrepresented observations. To address these challenges, we released a large-scale and multi-center cohort dataset (n = 249,772) showing the effects of primary psychological healthcare on decreasing depression and suicidal ideation in these children/adolescents who were underrepresented in previous studies or current healthcare systems, including unattended children/adolescents, orphans, children/adolescents in especially difficult circumstances, and “left-behind” and “single-parenting” children/adolescents. We provided all individual data recording the depressive symptoms and suicide ideation that had been collected at baseline (Oct 2022) and half-year follow-up (May 2023) from practicing this psychological healthcare system.
The COVID-19 pandemic prominently hit almost all the aspects of our life, especially in routine education. For public health security, online learning has to be enforced to replace classroom learning. Thus, it is a priority to clarify how these changes impacted students. We built a random-effect model of a meta-analysis to pool individual effect sizes for published articles concerning the attitudes and performance towards online learning. Databases included Google Scholar, PubMed and (Chinese) CNKI repository. Further, a moderated analysis and meta-regression were further used to clarify potential heterogenous factors impacting this pooled effect. Forty published papers (n = 98,558) were screened that were eligible for formal analysis. Meta-analytic results demonstrated that 13.3% (95% CI: 10.0–17.5) of students possessed negative attitudes towards online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 12.7% (95% CI: 9.6–16.8) students were found to report poor performance in online learning. Moderated analysis revealed poor performance in online learning in the early pandemic (p = 0.006). Results for the meta-regression analysis showed that negative attitudes could predict poor learning performance significantly (p = 0.026). In conclusion, online learning that is caused by COVID-19 pandemic may have brought about negative learning attitudes and poorer learning performance compared to classroom learning, especially in the early pandemic.
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