Journal Article Ross's Russian Soviet Republic1 E. Dana Durand E. Dana Durand Washington, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 38, Issue 2, February 1924, Pages 330–338, https://doi.org/10.2307/1884015 Published: 01 February 1924
Event Abstract Back to Event Cognitive control mechanism in stroke induced Aphasia: The influence of cognitive-linguistic skills on the performance Tanya Dash1*, Edith Durand1, Michele Masson-Trottier1 and Ana Inès Ansaldo1 1 Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Canada Introduction: In the recent past, understanding of aphasia – a predominant language disorder – has evolved to accommodate associated cognitive deficits. For the Person with aphasia (PWA), successful communication is dependent on the cognitive control mechanism that allows the individual to plan, sequence, organize, and monitor goal-directed behavior (Penn et al., 2010). With stroke this synergy is disrupted and results in a predominant communication disorder. The aphasia literature, usually discusses the cognitive and linguistic functions individually. However, it is crucial to study both these aspects together. Over the years, research on aphasia has focused on the interaction between language processing and cognitive control mechanism (Dash & Kar., 2014; Kuzmina, & Weekes, 2017). The current study is designed to elucidate the interference suppression abilities and the relationship between different cognitive and language skills in PWA. Method: Thirty-three right handed, PWA (66.63 years) and 14 right handed, non-brain damaged healthy control (HC, 66.16 years) participated in a Flanker task (Eriksen & Eriksen, 1974) measuring cognitive control ability. The groups where matched on age and education (age, t =0.206, p =0.838; education t = -1.936, p = 0.059). In addition, language and neuropsychological evaluation was done. Reaction times (RTs) and accuracy measures were collected for the cognitive control performance on the Flanker task. For the interference suppression, condition congruent (C; <<<<<) and incongruent trials (In; <<><<) were compared. Two other outcome measures were also calculated – Conflict ratio and conflict effect. Results and discussion: A statistical analysis was performed on the mean RTs, as well as language and neuropsychological measures. Both the groups showed flanker effect with more reaction time for the incongruent condition than congruent (t =-10.98, p = 0.00; t =-4.83, p = 0.00). There was a significant difference in the conflict effect (t =-2.143, p = 0.039) and conflict ratio (t =-2.065, p = 0.046) between PWA and HC. This suggests that the PWA takes more time for the target processing in the presence of distractor in this task. Based on these results, it appears that PWA demonstrate cognitive control deficits. The second set of results explores the relationship between the performance of PWA in different cognitive and linguistic measures. Unlike popular assumption, cognitive and linguistic variables resulted in a single factor structure accounting for 34.18% of the variance. In addition, interference suppression and functional communication resulted in a separate factor structure, thus showing a relationship between the cognitive control and functional communication. Correlation and regression analysis shows that the functional communication skills were correlated with the congruent and the incongruent conditions (r = 0.68, r = -0.48; p =0.00). The performance of the congruent condition was predicted by verb naming, working memory performance as well as functional communication. The incongruent condition was predicted by the functional communication scores only. Based on these results, it appears that decreased cognitive control ability may coincide with decreased functional communication in PWA. PWA demonstrated vulnerability to cognitive control ability compared to healthy control. Performance on cognitive and linguistic tasks significantly overlapped with the cognitive control ability. These findings reinforce the importance of cognitive assessment in aphasia. The understanding on the underlying nature of cognitive and linguistic deficits in PWA may guide our understanding of the disorder, as well as its influence on recovery and rehabilitation. References 1. Dash, T., & Kar, B. R. (2014). Bilingual language control and general purpose cognitive control among individuals with bilingual aphasia: evidence based on negative priming and flanker tasks. Behavioural neurology, 2014, 1-20. 2. Eriksen, B. A.; Eriksen, C. W. (1974). "Effects of noise letters upon identification of a target letter in a non- search task". Perception and Psychophysics. 16: 143–149. 3. Kuzmina, E., & Weekes, B. S. (2017). Role of cognitive control in language deficits in different types of aphasia. Aphasiology, 31(7), 765-792. 4. Penn, C., Frankel, T., Watermeyer, J., & Russell, N. (2010). Executive function and conversational strategies in bilingual aphasia. Aphasiology, 24(2), 288-308. Keywords: Cognitive Control Mechanisms, Aphasia, flanker task, Functional communication, Cognitive-linguistic skills Conference: Academy of Aphasia 56th Annual Meeting, Montreal, Canada, 21 Oct - 23 Oct, 2018. Presentation Type: poster presentation Topic: not eligible for a student prize Citation: Dash T, Durand E, Masson-Trottier M and Ansaldo A (2019). Cognitive control mechanism in stroke induced Aphasia: The influence of cognitive-linguistic skills on the performance. Conference Abstract: Academy of Aphasia 56th Annual Meeting. doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2018.228.00022 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 29 Apr 2018; Published Online: 22 Jan 2019. * Correspondence: PhD. Tanya Dash, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada, tani.dash@gmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Tanya Dash Edith Durand Michele Masson-Trottier Ana Inès Ansaldo Google Tanya Dash Edith Durand Michele Masson-Trottier Ana Inès Ansaldo Google Scholar Tanya Dash Edith Durand Michele Masson-Trottier Ana Inès Ansaldo PubMed Tanya Dash Edith Durand Michele Masson-Trottier Ana Inès Ansaldo Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.
Journal Article World Developments in the Cotton Industry, by Louis Bader Get access World Developments in the Cotton Industry. By Louis Bader. New York University Press, 1925.—xvii, 187 pp. $3.00. E. Dana Durand E. Dana Durand Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 42, Issue 1, March 1927, Pages 130–131, https://doi.org/10.2307/2142870 Published: 15 March 1927
Our previous work (Marcotte et al., 2012) reported neurofunctional changes associated with recovery from anomia following Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA) in a group of participants with moderate to severe chronic anomia, providing evidence of therapy-induced neuroplasticity in chronic aphasia. The activation patterns observed concurrently with the recovery of naming suggest that SFA triggers the recruitment of an alternative pathway involving the left precentral gyrus and the left inferior parietal lobule, both of which are part of the Mirror Neuron System (MNS). SFA’s potential role in triggering the recruitment of the MNS is discussed, in line with Embodied Cognition Theory and other theoretical frameworks opening a window on aphasia therapy issues and the intricate links between motor and language processing.
