Background: Contribution of dairy milk and other food items and schools to academic performances of students are the important factors to build a peaceful meritorious nation with sound mental and physical health.Objective: This experiment was designed to study the contribution of dairy milk and other food item intake pattern and schools to academic performances.Method: Students of class nine in Bangladesh were enumerated using a preprescribed questionnaire during March 2016 to June 2016 by direct interview method. Collected primary data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 14.015.Results: Male (69.63%) students and students of schools in the town (84.97%) performed better. Majority of the students in towns (46.85%; 49.65%) and villages (45.51%; 50.90%) drank dairy milk and ate meat respectively, once or twice in a week. Many students in towns (30.77%) and villages (38.92%) ate eggs for 3 to 4 days in a week. Maximum students in town (53.50%) and in village (46.71%) took fish for 5 to 7 days and 3 to 4 days in a week, respectively. Many students in town (39.86%) and in village (59.88%) took fruits 1 to 2 days and 5 to 7 days in a week, respectively. Most (74.31%) of the students who took dairy milk, meat (73.68%), fruits (66.67%), fish (65.81%) and eggs (64.71%) everyday in a week obtained A grade.Conclusions: Schools, availability of dairy milk, meat, fruits, fish and eggs, Tiffin intake status and gender affected the academic performances but educational institutions had no effect on weekly dairy milk, eggs and meat intake of the students but weekly fish and fruits intake status were affected.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.355-359
The prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections and the gross pathological lesions produced by them were studied from February 2012 to January 2013 in the Department of Pharmacology of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. In this study, a total of 320 indigenous chickens aged ranging from 2 to 4 months were examined to identify the different types of gastrointestinal helminth infections in indigenous chickens. During routine examination, six species of helminth parasites were recorded, of which five species of nematodes such as Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria spp, Acuaria hamulosa and Dispharynx spiralis; and one species was cestode called Raillietina tetragona. The highest prevalence was observed for Ascaridia galli (41.56%) followed in descending order by Raillietina tetragona (19.68%), Heterakis gallinarum (15.62%), Acuaria hamulosa (8.75%), Capillaria spp. (4.68% ) and Disopharinx spiralis (1.56%). The gross pathological lesions were observed in case of Acuaria hamulosa and Heterakis gallinarum infection. In case of Acuaria hamulosa infection keratinization of gizzard mucosa and cross section of adult Acuaria hamulosa were seen along with marked infiltration of neutrophils. The results of this study suggest that both nematodes and cestodes are highly prevalent in indigenous chickens in the studied area.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21275 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 135-139
A total of 325 chickens, duck and pigeon, dead or sick, brought for diagnosis to the FDIL (field disease investigation laboratory), Guibandha during the period from July, 2005 to June, 2006 were taken into consideration in this study to know the seasonal occurrence of diseases and their comparison and to identify the effect of season and age for developing the diseases. Among the examined birds 251 were chicken including local and commercial birds, 67 were ducks and 7 were pigeon. The diagnosed diseases were parasitic diseases including coccidiosis, ascaridiosis and schistosomiasis; viral diseases including new castle disease (ND), infectious bursal disease (IBD), avian leucosis (AL) and duck plague (DP), bacterial diseases including salmonellosis, pasteurellosis and colibacillosis, non-infectious diseases including ascites, egg bound, cannibalism and fatty liver hemorrhagic disease, MC complex (mycoplasmosis-colibacillosis complex) and fungal infection including aspergillosis. The occurrence of parasitic diseases (86.2%) was the highest, followed by viral diseases (32.6%), bacterial diseases (25.8%) and non-infectious diseases (12.9%). In chickens the occurrence of parasitic diseases was the highest (88.4%) followed by bacterial diseases (28.3%), viral diseases (27.1%), non-infectious diseases (16.30%), MC complex (3.6%) and aspergillosis (1.6%). Bacterial diseases were significantly (p<0.05) higher in winter as well as in rainy season compared to summer season. Occurrence of pasteurellosis was significantly (p<0.05) higher in winter (p<0.05) and rainy (p<0.01) season compared to summer season. Parasitic diseases were significantly (p<0.01) higher in winter (97.2%) compared to summer (83.3%). The occurrence of coccidiosis was 88% and it was significantly (p<0.01) higher in winter (97.2%) compared to summer (82.2%). Egg bound was present among 10% birds and it was significantly (p<0.05) lower in rainy season compared to summer season. In case of ducks the presence of parasitic diseases was the highest (77.60%) followed by viral diseases (56.7%), bacterial diseases (16.40%) and non-infectious diseases (1.50%). Duck plague was present in 56.7% birds and it was significantly (p<0.05) higher in winter (80%) season compared to summer (44.8%) season. The occurrence of duck plague was observed in 56.70% birds and it was significantly (p<0.05) higher in laying stage (67.60%) than pullet stage (43.30%). Incase of pigeon 28.60% birds showed bacterial infections and 85.70% birds showed parasitic infestations. Present study suggests that various infectious and non-infectious diseases are prevalent among the poultry of Guibandha district. So effective control measures should be taken to minimize this problem.
The study was carried out to determine the biodisposition kinetics of ciprofloxacin in sheep model in Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Healthy sheep of both sexes (n=65) were divided into 13 groups, each consists of five and given a single dose of ciprofloxacin @ 5 mg/kg bwt intramuscularly .Blood sample was collected from each group of sheep at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 hours interval respectively. Serum concentration of ciprofloxacin was determined by spectrophotometric method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were measured by single compartment open model and first order kinetics. The peak concentration of ciprofloxacin was 3.56±0.15mg/ ml, absorption half-life and biological half-life were 0.0846±1.79 and 1.75±0.15 h respectively. The apparent volume of distribution was found 35.54 mg/liter. The absorption rate constant was 8.188h-1, MRT was 2.647h-1 and total body clearances were found 16.88 h-1. These result suggested that a dose of 5 mg/kg bwt provides maximum plasma concentration and is effective in the control of many infectious diseases of sheep. Key words: Plasma pharmacokinetics, ciprofloxacin, sheep DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v6i1.1344 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (1): 93-97
