Alejandro Ramos Martín

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Proposal of a Laboratory-Scale Anaerobic Biodigester for Introducing the Monitoring and Sensing Techniques, as a Potential Learning Tool in the Fields of Carbon Foot-Print Reduction and Climate Change Mitigation

Water (2021)

Saulo Brito-Espino FEDERICO LEON ZERPA Jenifer Vaswani Reboso Alejandro Ramos Martín Carlos Alberto Mendieta Pino

This article presents a proposal of an anaerobic biodigester on a laboratory scale for introducing the monitoring and sensing techniques of the growth of microorganisms according to different parameters, where the redox potential, pH, pressure, and temperature have been measured in quasi-continuous mode. For this task, a microcontroller system was used (Atmega328—Arduino). Importantly, the design is based on flexible and open-source software, hardware, and firmware (Scilab, Arduino, Processing), facilitating its modification for other related studies. This design was developed to help engineering students to learn and to understand the operation of an anaerobic biodigester, which allows us to know various properties of the system at any time, as well as its evolution over time. In this way, property curves can be drawn and related to each other to obtain a better understanding of the biodigester operation. In this context, the relationship between the oxide-reduction reaction and microbial activity was studied so that the redox potential can be a way of measuring the growth of microorganisms in an anaerobic environment. With all this, through these parameters, it is possible to introduce to engineering students the operation of this technology used normally like a very powerful tool for the control of the carbon footprint, for example in wastewater sector, and consequently for the mitigation of the climate change.

Arduino

Firmware

10.3390/w13172409

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Ecological footprint in a reverse osmosis seawater desalination plant. Case study: Canary Islands

Desalination and Water Treatment (2021)

FEDERICO LEON ZERPA Alejandro Ramos Martín German Alberto Hernandez Herrera

The case study of the Canary Islands (Spain) considered in this paper involves the historical problem of resolving the demand for freshwater.After many years, the focus in the islands turned towards seawater desalination processes to provide safe water for, above all, its citizens, agriculture, and tourism.Due to the high demand for freshwater, the Canary Islands have been a world pioneer in desalination issues, improving the techniques and materials used.While several desalination technologies are available, today the most used worldwide is reverse osmosis.The major drawback of desalination is the high energy cost that the process requires.To this can be added the peculiarities of the electricity generation system in the Canary Islands, which generates more emissions per unit of energy produced compared with the system in mainland Spain.In this study, we selected a desalination plant located on the island of Tenerife, specifically in the municipality of Granadilla de Abona and, after determining its technical characteristics, calculated its ecological footprint.For this, we performed various calculations, including the carbon fixing capacity of forests in the Canary Islands (expressed per hectare) and the total amount of emissions produced in the generation of energy to feed the desalination plant.

Reverse osmosis plant

Geothermal desalination

Osmotic power

10.5004/dwt.2021.27511

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La enseñanza a distancia y el EEES. Metodología empleada en Expresión Gráfica

A. Ruiz-García Alejandro Ramos Martín FEDERICO LEON ZERPA

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Mathematical model and control strategy for a Capacitive Deionization (CDI) System for water desalination, with a buck-boost bidirectional converter powered by photovoltaic solar cell, and a supercapacitor