Hannah Weigand

University of Duisburg-Essen

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Martina Weiss

University of Duisburg-Essen

Florian Leese

University of Duisburg-Essen

Luca Telesca

Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory

Carrie McMinn

Agri Food and Biosciences Institute

Katrin Lehman

German Rheumatism Research Centre

Melody S. Clark

British Antarctic Survey

Heather Moore

Agri Food and Biosciences Institute

Joseph I. Hoffman

Bielefeld University

Katie Fawcett

Bielefeld University

David L. J. Vendrami

Bielefeld University

Cooperative Institutions

Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle

University of Duisburg-Essen

Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology

University of Zagreb

University of Ljubljana

University of Łódź

Bielefeld University

Rudjer Boskovic Institute

Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig

University of Vienna

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Supplementary figure 1: Illustration of the process of generating scallop shell outline coordinates for the geometric morphometrics analysis. From left to right: scaled digital photograph, isolated shell outline, and 1000 pseudo-landmarks placed along the shell perimeter from RAD sequencing resolves fine-scale population structure in a benthic invertebrate: implications for understanding phenotypic plasticity

Vendrami David L. J.Luca Telesca Hannah Weigand Martina Weiss Fawcett Katie

Morphometrics

10.6084/m9.figshare.4579357.v3

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Supplementary table 3: Pairwise Fst values (below diagonal) and corresponding p-values (above diagonal) calculated using13 microsatellites genotyped in 45 individuals from ddRAD sequencing resolves fine-scale population structure in a benthic invertebrate with implications for understanding phenotypic plasticity

Figshare (2017)

David L. J. Vendrami Luca Telesca Hannah Weigand Martina Weiss Katie Fawcett

The field of molecular ecology is transitioning from the use of small panels of classical genetic markers such as microsatellites to much larger panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated by approaches like RAD sequencing. However, few empirical studies have directly compared the ability of these methods to resolve population structure. This could have implications for understanding phenotypic plasticity, as many previous studies of natural populations may have lacked the power to detect genetic differences, especially over micro-geographic scales. We therefore compared the ability of microsatellites and RAD sequencing to resolve fine-scale population structure in a commercially important benthic invertebrate by genotyping great scallops (Pecten maximus) from nine populations around Northern Ireland at 13 microsatellites and 10 539 SNPs. The shells were then subjected to morphometric and colour analysis in order to compare patterns of phenotypic and genetic variation. We found that RAD sequencing was superior at resolving population structure, yielding higher F_st values and support for two distinct genetic clusters, whereas only one cluster could be detected in a Bayesian analysis of the microsatellite dataset. Furthermore, appreciable phenotypic variation was observed in size-independent shell shape and coloration, including among localities that could not be distinguished from one another genetically, providing support for the notion that these traits are phenotypically plastic. Taken together, our results suggest that RAD sequencing is a powerful approach for studying both population structure and phenotypic plasticity in natural populations.

Table (database)

10.6084/m9.figshare.4579348.v1

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Rare migrants suffice to maintain high genetic diversity in an introduced island population of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus): Evidence from molecular data and simulations

Mammalian Biology (2017)

Peter Steinbach Mike Heddergott Hannah Weigand Alexander Weigand Elodie Wilwert

Capreolus

Mainland

Founder effect

Effective population size

10.1016/j.mambio.2017.11.009

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Demographic history, range size and habitat preferences of the groundwater amphipod Niphargus puteanus (C.L. Koch in Panzer, 1836)

Limnologica (2020)

Dieter Weber Jean‐François Flot Hannah Weigand Alexander Weigand

Haplogroup

Refugium (fishkeeping)

10.1016/j.limno.2020.125765

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Citations (11)

Seawater carbonate chemistry and growth, production rates, and cellular composition of Arctic diatom

Klara K. E. Wolf Elisa Romanelli Björn Rost Uwe John Sinéad Collins

10.1594/pangaea.913498

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Supplementary figure 3: Heat map depicting pairwise Fst values calculated using a restricted dataset of 45 individuals genotyped at 13 microsatellites. from RAD sequencing resolves fine-scale population structure in a benthic invertebrate: implications for understanding phenotypic plasticity

Vendrami David L. J.Luca Telesca Hannah Weigand Martina Weiss Fawcett Katie

10.6084/m9.figshare.4579354.v3

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Company matters: The presence of other genotypes alters traits and intraspecific selection in an Arctic diatom under climate change

Global Change Biology (2019)

Klara K. E. Wolf Elisa Romanelli Björn Rost Uwe John Sinéad Collins

Arctic phytoplankton and their response to future conditions shape one of the most rapidly changing ecosystems on the planet. We tested how much the phenotypic responses of strains from the same Arctic diatom population diverge and whether the physiology and intraspecific composition of multistrain populations differs from expectations based on single strain traits. To this end, we conducted incubation experiments with the diatom Thalassiosira hyalina under present-day and future temperature and pCO2 treatments. Six fresh isolates from the same Svalbard population were incubated as mono- and multistrain cultures. For the first time, we were able to closely follow intraspecific selection within an artificial population using microsatellites and allele-specific quantitative PCR. Our results showed not only that there is substantial variation in how strains of the same species cope with the tested environments but also that changes in genotype composition, production rates, and cellular quotas in the multistrain cultures are not predictable from monoculture performance. Nevertheless, the physiological responses as well as strain composition of the artificial populations were highly reproducible within each environment. Interestingly, we only detected significant strain sorting in those populations exposed to the future treatment. This study illustrates that the genetic composition of populations can change on very short timescales through selection from the intraspecific standing stock, indicating the potential for rapid population level adaptation to climate change. We further show that individuals adjust their phenotype not only in response to their physicochemical but also to their biological surroundings. Such intraspecific interactions need to be understood in order to realistically predict ecosystem responses to global change.

10.1111/gcb.14675

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Citations (40)

Application of propylene glycol in DNA-based studies of invertebrates

Metabarcoding and Metagenomics (2021)

Alexander Weigand Noah Desquiotz Hannah Weigand Nikolaus U. Szucsich

High-throughput sequencing (HTS) studies on invertebrates commonly use ethanol as the main sample fixative (upon collection) and preservative (for storage and curation). However, alternative agents exists, which should not be automatically neglected when studies are newly designed. This review provides an overview of the application of propylene glycol (PG) in DNA-based studies of invertebrates, thus to stimulate an evidence-based discussion. The use of PG in DNA-based studies of invertebrates is still limited (n = 79), but a steady increase has been visible since 2011. Most studies used PG as a fixative for passive trapping (73%) and performed Sanger sequencing (66%; e.g. DNA barcoding). More recently, HTS setups joined the field (11%). Terrestrial Coleoptera (30%) and Diptera (20%) were the most studied groups. Very often, information on the grade of PG used (75%) or storage conditions (duration, temperature) were lacking. This rendered direct comparisons of study results difficult, and highlight the need for further systematic studies on these subjects. When compared to absolute ethanol, PG can be more widely and cheaply acquired (e.g. as an antifreeze, 13% of studies). It also enables longer trapping intervals, being especially relevant at remote or hard-to-reach places. Shipping of PG-conserved samples is regarded as risk-free and is authorised, pinpointing its potential for larger trapping programs or citizen science projects. Its property to retain flexibility of morphological characters as well as to lead to a reduced shrinkage effect was especially appraised by integrative study designs. Finally, the so far limited application of PG in the context of HTS showed promising results for short read amplicon sequencing and reduced representation methods. Knowledge of the influence of PG fixation and storage for long(er) read HTS setups is currently unavailable. Given our review results and taking difficulties of direct methodological comparisons into account, future DNA-based studies of invertebrates should on a case-by-case basis critically scrutinise if the application of PG in their anticipated study design can be of benefit.

Marine invertebrates

Fixative

Antifreeze

DNA Barcoding

10.3897/mbmg.5.57278

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Citations (8)

Supplementary table 3 from ddRAD sequencing resolves fine-scale population structure in a benthic invertebrate with implications for understanding phenotypic plasticity

Figshare (2017)

David L. J. Vendrami Luca Telesca Hannah Weigand Martina Weiss Katie Fawcett

Pairwise Fst values (below diagonal) and corresponding p-values (above diagonal) calculated using13 microsatellites genotyped in 45 individuals.

Table (database)