Objective: To explore the characteristics of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in primary infection in pediatric cases. Methods: The laboratory and clinical data of 571 children diagnosed with EBV primary infection in Children's Hospital of Fudan University during September 1st, 2017 to September 30th, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the results of plasma EBV DNA, they were divided into positive group and negative group. According to the EBV DNA, they were devided into high plasma virol load group and low plasma virol load group. The Chi-square test, Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the differences between groups. Results: Among the 571 children with EBV primary infection, 334 were males and 237 were females. The age of first diagnosis was 3.8 (2.2, 5.7) years. There were 255 cases in positive group and 316 cases in negative group. The percentage of cases with fever,hepatomegaly and (or) splenomegaly, elevated transaminase in the positive group were higher than those in the negative group (235 cases (92.2%) vs. 255 cases (80.7%), χ2=15.22, P<0.001; 169 cases (66.3%) vs. 85 cases (26.9%), χ2=96.80, P<0.001; and 144 cases (56.5%) vs. 120 cases (38.0%), χ2=18.27, P<0.001; respectively).In the positive group, 70 cases were followed up for 46 (27, 106) days, 68 cases (97.1%) turned negative within 28 days, with the exception of 2 cases (2.9%) developed chronic active EBV infection by follow-up revision.There were 218 cases in high plasma viral DNA copies group and 37 cases in low copies group. More cases presented with elevated transaminases in the high plasma viral DNA copies group than those in the low group (75.7% (28/37) vs. 56.0%(116/207), χ2=5.00, P=0.025).Both the positive rate of EBV DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes (84.2% (266/316) vs. 44.7% (255/571), χ2=76.26, P<0.001) and the copies of EBV DNA (7.0×107 (1.3×107, 3.0×108) vs. 3.1×106 (1.6×106, 6.1×106) copies /L, Z=15.23, P<0.001) were higher than that of plasma. Conclusions: In immunocompetent pediatric cases diagnosed as EBV primary infection, cases with positive plasma EBV DNA were prone to have fever, hepatomegaly and (or) splenomegaly, and elevated transaminase than those with negative plasma viral DNA. The plasma EBV DNA usually turns negative within 28 days after initial diagnosis.Most cases with high viral load in plasma showed elevated aminotransferase.目的： 探讨儿童EB病毒（EBV）原发性感染血浆病毒DNA拷贝数特征及其变化规律。 方法： 回顾性病例总结。选择2017年9月1日至2018年9月30日于复旦大学附属儿科医院诊断为EBV原发性感染的571例患儿为研究对象，收集患儿病毒实验室指标及临床信息等资料。根据血浆EBV DNA结果分为阳性组和阴性组，根据EBV DNA载量将阳性组分为高载量组和低载量组。组间差异采用χ2检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验进行比较。 结果： 571例EBV原发性感染患儿中男334例、女237例，初诊年龄3.8（2.2，5.7）岁。阳性组255例（44.7%）、阴性组316例（55.3%）。阳性组发热、肝和（或）脾肿大、转氨酶升高的患儿比例均高于阴性组［235例（92.2%）比255例（80.7%）、169例（66.3%）比85例（26.9%）、144例（56.5%）比120例（38.0%），χ2=15.22、96.80、18.27，均P<0.001］；阳性组中有70例进行了随访，随访时间46（27，106）d，其中68例（97.1%）患儿在28 d内转阴，另2例（2.9%）患儿随访修正诊断为慢性活动性EBV感染。血浆病毒低载量组218例、高载量组37例。高载量组转氨酶升高患儿占比高于低载量组［75.7%（28/37）比56.0%（116/207），χ2=5.00，P=0.025］。外周血白细胞中EBV DNA的阳性率及拷贝数均高于血浆中EBV DNA［84.2%（266/316）比44.7%（255/571）、7.0×107（1.3×107，3.0×108）比3.1×106（1.6×106，6.1×106）拷贝/L，χ2=76.26、Z=15.23，均P<0.001］。 结论： 免疫功能正常EBV原发性感染患儿中，血浆病毒DNA阳性患儿易有发热、肝和（或）脾肿大、转氨酶升高的临床表现。阳性血浆EBV DNA一般在初诊后28 d内转阴，多数血浆病毒高载量患儿有转氨酶升高特征。.
To observe the alteration of specific IgG4 antibody of schistosomiasis patients before and after treatment.ELISA.The SEA-IgG4 and AWA-IgG4 positive rates of 27 schistosomiasis cases were 96.3% and 100%, respectively, their average OD values were 1.62 and 0.72. 6 months post treatment 18 cases were followed up, the positive rates were 94.4% and 100%, respectively, their average OD values were 1.06 and 0.56, respectively. 12 months post treatment all cases were followed up, the positive rates of SEA-IgG4 and AWA-IgG4 were 96.3% and 92.6%, respectively, their average OD values were 0.99 and 0.58, respectively.No obvious changes were found in the SEA-IgG4 and AWA-IgG4 positive rates of 27 schistosomiasis cases before and after treatment, whereas the antibody level of specific IgG4 was decreased.
Objective: To explore the risk factors and regularity of pediatric primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection accompanied with elevated transaminase. Methods: Clinical data of 399 children diagnosed as primary EBV infection in the outpatient department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University from September 2016 to October 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the potential correlations between elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) or aspartate transaminase (AST) and age, gender, course of fever and plasma EBV-DNA load. The cumulative rates of elevated transaminase recovery to nomal at different times were caculated. Results: Among 399 children diagnosed with primary EBV infection, there were 219 males and 180 females. The age was (4.2±2.7) years. Among all cases, 51.9% (207/399) had elevated transaminase. In patients who had elevated ALT, 74.5% (149/200), 21.0% (42/200) and 4.5% (9/200) had mild (40-160 U/L), moderate (160-400 U/L) and severe (>400 U/L) elevation of ALT, respectively. In patients who had elevated AST, 83.8% (155/185), 11.9% (22/185) and 4.3% (8/185) had mild (40-160 U/L), moderate (160-400 U/L) and severe (>400 U/L) elevation of AST, respectively. Only age was correlated with the occurrence of elevated transaminase (OR=1.13, 1.10, both P<0.05). A total of 167 repeated tests were ordered in patients with elevated ALT and/or AST, including 113 cases with elevated ALT and 104 cases with elevated AST. The time of ALT and AST returned to normal were (24±13) days and (25±18) days respectively. The cumulative rates for ALT returned to normal within 1, 1-<4, 4-<8 weeks and more than 8 weeks were 2.7% (3/113), 54.0% (61/113), 79.6% (90/113) and 81.4% (92/113) respectively, and were 1.9% (2/104), 48.1% (50/104), 71.2% (74/104) and 74.0% (77/104) for AST. Conclusions: Age is a risk factor for transaminase elevation associated with primary EBV infection in children. The transaminases returned to normal within 3 weeks in half of the cases, and within 8 weeks in most cases.
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