This article explores the religiosity of Muslim women joining Srikandi Lintas Iman, a women interfaith community in Yogyakarta. Using Glock and Stark's theory on religiosity from the sociological perspective and Tiliouine & Belgoumidi's domains of religiosity, the research questions are how the religiosity of Muslim women in SRILI, and how their activities in interfaith dialogue contribute to their religiosity dimensions as an individual. Data was gathered through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. This paper finds out that Muslim women joining an interfaith community can improve their religiosity in several ways. Activities and programs of SRILI contribute to its member religiosity both directly and indirectly.
In the last few years, religious conflicts involving a minority Muslim group, Ahmadiyya, have risendramatically in Indonesia; the most recent being the attack on the Ahmadiyya community in CikeusikBanten, West Java, where three Ahmadis were killed and the sealing of Al Mishbah Mosque by localgovernment of Bekasi West Java. Understanding the context of violent conflict and the ways individualAhmadi women take agency to challenge such oppression is an important first step in creating a moreequitable and peaceful Indonesia. To examine the experience of Ahmadi women exercising their agencyin conflict transformation, this qualitative research was conducted in four areas of Indonesia: Bogor,Kuningan, Yogyakarta and Lombok, by gathering data from the narratives of Ahmadi women whoactively participate in Lajnah Imaillah, an Ahmadiyya’s women’s organization. This research highlightsthree stages of conflict transformation that the women employed: 1) asking for government help; 2)taking physical action to defend their rights; and 3) defining themselves as Indonesian citizens who havethe same rights as others. Through these actions, they show their ability to help others, transformingthe conflict by forming better relationships and understanding with other Indonesian citizens.
Abstract: In a family, apart from being a wife, women also work as housewives who educate children and are devoted to their husbands. Many things are considered to create a prosperous family so that life is more comfortable and also various motivations for working, one of which is to ease the burden on households with a high number of dependents, want to earn their own money, seek experience, and want to transfer their knowledge to others. This study aims to find out whether working women's welfare has increased or there are many problems behind it. As for this research, it can be seen from working women in terms of age, work done by women, and family welfare conditions. This study uses an approach approach with the interview method to 4 informants who can provide correct and clear information related to the research being conducted. The research findings show that women in the Nologaten market who are over 40 years old are self-willed, self-employed and want to have their own money. Even though their children are well off and have enough jobs, the mothers who work in the Nologaten market still want to work alone because they are used to it, and they also have the help of their husbands. There are various kinds of work at that place, such as selling spices, vegetables, and also selling chicken. This research was conducted at Nologaten Caturtunggal Market, Depok District, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta.Keywords: Women; Welfare; Family. Abstrak: Dalam sebuah keluarga perempuan selain berperan sebagai istri juga berfungsi sebagai ibu rumah tangga yang mendidik anak dan berbakti kepada suami. Banyak hal yang dipertimbangkan untuk menciptakan keluarga yang sejahtera agar hidup lebih nyaman Berbagai motivasi perempuan ingin bekerja yaitu untuk meringankan beban rumah tangga dengan jumlah tanggungan cukup tinggi, ingin mencari uang sendiri, mencari pengalaman, dan ingin mentransfer ilmunya kepada orang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perempuan bekerja apakah kesejahteraan keluarganya meningkat atau banyak permasalahan dibaliknya. Adapun penelitian ini dapat dilihat perempuan bekerja dari segi umur, pekerjaan yang dilakukan perempuan, dan kondisi kesejahteraan keluarga. Dalam penelitian ini merupakan suatu pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode wawancara kepada 4 informan yang bisa memberikan tanggapan atau infomasi dengan benar dan jelas yang terkait dengan penelitian yang ingin dilakukan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perempuan yang bekerja di pasar Nologaten yang berusia di atas 40 tahun adalah kemauan diri sendiri, kesenangan sendiri dan ingin mempunyai uang sendiri. Walaupun anak-anaknya sudah berkecukupan dan mempunyai pekerjaan yang cukup namun ibu-ibu yang bekerja di pasar Nologaten tetap ingin bekerja sendiri dikarenakan sudah terbiasa berdagang. Berbagai macam kerjaannya ditempat tersebut seperti menjual rempah-rempah, sayur-sayuran dan juga menjual ayam. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pasar Nologaten Caturtunggal, Kecamatan Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.Kata Kunci: Perempuan; Kesejahteraan; Keluarga.
This paper aims to describe the concept of justice in Islam interpreted by Ali Asghar Engineer by using Gadamers philosophical hermeneutics. Gadamers philosophical hermeneutics is ontological rather than methodological and it has been very influential in interpretation world. Engineers work in interpreting the concept of justice in Islam, in the notion of Gadamers philosophical hermeneutics, is affected by his horizon and fusion of horizons. His prejudices into the world lead him to bring about the idea of liberation by doing liberative interpretation. It is hoped that his liberative interpretation will influence Muslims way of thinking and gradually can challenge the structures of modern oppressions so that people will live in justice and peace. Since all Engineers efforts to interpret Quran and hadiths in liberative spirit are initiated by his question into the world, it means that he shows his ability to see what is questionable which is the real power of hermeneutical consciousness. This paper attempts to present the basic concepts of Gadamers philosophical hermeneutics then use them to analyze the interpretation on justice made by Engineer based on his liberative idea.
Religious education which is taught in schools has a significant role in forming religious exclusivism and inclusivism, especially in Indonesia. It influences student’s views on others. It also depends on the way those religion educations taught. There is also a need to have more efforts to bring the idea of interfaith dialogue into educational system including in higher educational level. There are some educational institutions which already involved in inter-faith dialogue in their curriculum such as the CRCS (Center for Religious and Cross Cultural Studies) and the ICRS (Indonesian Consortium for Religious Studies) at Gadjah Mada University. However, the number of primary educational institutions which involves interfaith dialogue is still limited. This work suggests that, for today’s situation in Indonesian multicultural society, a need for reforming religion education curriculum in primary education is emerging. To make interfaith dialogue real in schools, the Ministry of Education in collaboration with Ministry of Religious Affairs is in a front line to arrange a new curriculum on religious education to be more pluralistic and affirm religious diversity in Indonesia including multi-religious education or inter religious education.
Key words: religious, multicultural, education, interfaith.
Since the start of the Reforamsi era and the fall of the New Order Regime led by President Soeharto in 1998, there have been numerous incidents of violence against the Ahmadiyya in Indonesia stemming from different interpretations of the Qur’an, which has led to cases of murder and the destruction of mosques. These incidents, and others like them, suggest the importance of understanding the context of such discrimination against the Ahmadi and in particular Ahmadi women to establish a peaceful and more equitable Indonesia
Abstract: Aceh is still the poorest province in Sumatra, this condition was conveyed by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of Aceh Province. Aceh Besar District is located next to Banda Aceh City as the provincial capital, but the poverty rate in Banda Aceh City is much lower than in Aceh Besar. The author focuses on the Central Bureau of Statistics data that presents the poverty rate in Aceh Besar District as higher even though the two are located side by side. On that basis, the Regent of Aceh Besar launched the Aceh Besar Sejahtera Program (Pro Abes) with the aim of overcoming and reducing the burden of spending on the poor in Aceh Besar with a target of reducing the poverty rate by 10%. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the influence of the Aceh Besar Sejahtera Program in overcoming the problem of poverty in the Aceh Besar District and how much a percentage of the poverty rate fell from the impact of the program. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the effect of the Aceh Besar Sejahtera Program in reducing the expenditure burden of the poor had been achieved, but significantly had not emphasized the reduction in poverty in Aceh Besar District. From 2017 the program was launched until 2022 the end of the term of office, the percentage of poor people in Aceh Besar District only decreased by 0.91% and the number of poor people decreased by 4.51%.Keywords: Influence; Aceh Besar Sejahtera Program; Poverty Alleviatio.Abstrak: Aceh masih menjadi provinsi termiskin di Sumatera, kondisi ini disampaikan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi Aceh. Secara kedudukan Kabupaten Aceh Besar berdampingan dengan Kota Banda Aceh sebagai ibu kota provinsi, akan tetapi angka kemiskinan di Kota Banda Aceh jauh lebih rendah dari Aceh Besar. Penulis fokus pada data Badan Pusat Stastistik yang menyajikan tingkat kemiskinan di Kabupaten Aceh Besar lebih tinggi padahal letak keduanya berdampingan. Atas dasar itu Bupati Aceh Besar meluncurkan Program Aceh Besar Sejahtera (Pro Abes) dengan tujuan untuk mengatasi dan mengurangi beban pengeluaran masyarakat miskin di Aceh Besar dengan target penurunan angka kemiskinan sebesar 10%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh Program Aceh Besar Sejahtera dalam mengatasi masalah kemiskinan di Kabupaten Aceh Besar serta berapa persen angka kemiskinan turun dari dampak program tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh Program Aceh Besar Sejahtera dalam mengurangi beban pengeluaran masyarakat miskin sudah tercapai, namun secara signifikan belum menekankan pada penurunan angka kemiskinan di Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Dari tahun 2017 program ini diluncurkan sampai dengan tahun 2022 berakhirnya masa jabatan, persentase penduduk miskin di Kabupaten Aceh Besar hanya turun sebesar 0,91% dan jumlah penduduk miskin turun sebesar 4,51%.Kata Kunci: Pengaruh; Program Aceh Besar Sejahtera; Pengentasan Kemiskinan.
Komunitas Ahmadiyah Indonesia telah menghadapi konflik kekerasan setelah era Reformasi. Disertasi ini berfokus pada narasi perempuan Ahmadi tentang pengalaman mereka dalam menangani konflik yang mereka hadapi dalam kaitannya dengan keyakinan mereka. Tesis ini berfokus pada tindakan organisasi perempuan Ahmadi yang bernama Lajnah Imaillah dari tahun 2000 sampai awal 2015 dengan memeriksa mekanisme pertahanan mereka dan penggunaan agensi mereka dalam melawan dan mencegah konflik. Penelitian dilakukan di empat wilayah di Indonesia, Kuningan di Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Lombok di Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Pengurus Pusat Lajnah Imaillah di Bogor. Informan adalah perempuan Ahmadi dari Status ekonomi sosial yang berbeda dan posisi dalam organisasi.
Menggunakan narrative inquiry, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dalam menanggapi dan menolak konflik dengan kekerasan, Lajnah Imaillah telah mengubah cara perlawanan dan bentuk dari mekanisme pertahanan. Konflik yang dihadapi perempuan Ahmadi telah mendorong mereka secara individu dan organisasi untuk lebih aktif berpartisipasi dalam masyarakat yang lebih luas dan membangun hubungan yang baik dengan kelompok agama lainnya dalam masyarakat. Oleh karena itu disertasi ini menegaskan bahwa mekanisme pertahanan non-kekerasan mempromosikan hubungan yang lebih baik dan saling pengertian antara pihak yang bertikai dalam masyarakat
Berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini, gagasan James Scott mengenai perlawanan sehari-hari berguna untuk menguji tapi kurang menjelaskan kasus perempuan Ahmadi. Memang, perempuan Ahmadi berlatih dua bentuk perlawanan, perlawanan publik dan tersembunyi, dan tergantung pada kekuatan relatif mereka. Namun, dalam perlawanan tersembunyi, perempuan Ahmadi tidak melakukannya setiap hari tapi hanya ketika ada penindasan atau ancaman bagi komunitas mereka. Ketika mereka tidak tertindas atau terancam, perempuan Ahmadi dapat dengan mudah berbaur dan berinteraksi dengan non-Ahmadi. Selain itu, dalam menghadapi konflik dan diskriminasi, perempuan Ahmadi tidak berniat untuk menghegemoni tetapi untuk mendapatkan posisi yang sama vis-a-vis dengan Muslim lainnya.
Kata kunci: Ahmadiyah, Perempuan Ahmadi, Resistensi, agensi, konflik, mekanisme pertahanan, narasi
The Indonesian Ahmadiyya community has been facing violent conflicts after the Reformasi era. This dissertation focuses on the narrative of Ahmadi women about their experiences in dealing with daily conflicts they face in relation to their faith. This thesis focuses on the acts of the Ahmadi women organization called Lajnah Imaillah from 2000 to early 2015 by examining their defense mechanism and exercising agency in resisting and preventing conflicts. The study was conducted in four areas in Indonesia, Kuningan in West Java, Yogyakarta, Lombok in West Nusa Tenggara and Head Office of Lajnah Imaillah in Bogor. The informants were Ahmadi women from different socio economics status and positions in the organization.
Using narrative inquiry, this research found out that in responding and resisting to violent conflicts, Lajnah Imaillah has been changing its way of resistance and its forms of defense mechanism. The conflicts that Ahmadi women face have encouraged them organizationally and individually to be more actively participate in wider society and build good relationships with the religious others outside of the community. Therefore this dissertation argues that non-violent defense mechanism promotes better relations and mutual understanding among conflicting parties in society
Based on the research findings, James Scott's idea on everyday resistance was useful to examine but insufficiently explains Ahmadi women's case. Indeed, Ahmadi women practiced two forms of resistance, public and hidden resistance, and dependent on their relative power. However, in hidden resistance, Ahmadi women do not do it on daily basis but only when there is oppression or threat to their community. When they are not oppressed nor threatened, the Ahmadi women can easily mingle and interact with non-Ahmadis. Moreover, in resisting conflict and discrimination, Ahmadi women do not intend to hegemonize but try to gain equal position vis-a-vis other Muslims.
Multiculturalism is a term that is actually has been considered by Indonesian people long before the establishing of the nation-state. It can be seen from the underlying concept of multiculturalism in Indonesia that is comprised in the national philosophy Pancasila and the UUD 1945 Constitution. However, the implementation of multiculturalism in Indonesia did not start at that time.The implementation of multiculturalism in Indonesia emerged when the discourse of multiculturalism have spread over the world. Consequently, Indonesia, as a country which has multi-ethnic and multicultural society have to practice it both socially and politically.Since multiculturalism regards all groups involving in the State, both dominant groups and non-dominant ones, minority groups are had to have same opportunities in social, economy and political aspects. However, implementing multiculturalism is not as simple as imagined. There are several obstacles faced. On one hand, multiculturalism seems to be the best means in reaching social justice and equality among people. On the other hand, the social system constructed which is in domination of one or small cultural groups are difficult to be changed.Regrettably, the State as the holder of the authority is in dominant groups’ hand and it is trapped in defending status quo. As a result, the policies conducted relating to multiculturalism only benefit dominant group, whereas minority groups get nothing. It will be better if minority groups directly involved in deciding program that will be conducted in their community so that both the State and the minority group will benefit from the program.