A probiotic powder of poor flowability with high dust content, prepared by spray drying reconstituted skim milk fermented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), was granulated by fluidized-bed granulation (FBG). The effects of the addition of skim milk powder (SMP) as a fluidizing aid, and of simple moisture-activation with or without dehydration, were investigated with respect to the performance of the FBG process. A fine, poorly fluidizable LGG powder (Geldart Group C) could be fluidized and granulated, with a 4- to 5-fold increase in particle size (d4,3 = 96–141 μm), by mixing with SMP (30–50%), which has larger, fluidizable particles belonging to Geldart Group A. Moisture-activation after the mixing, followed by fluidized-bed dehydration with hot air to remove excess moisture, further improved the FBG; the yield of the granules increased from 42% to 61% and the particle size distribution became much narrower, although the average particle size remained almost the same (d4,3 = 142 μm). These granules showed a popcorn-type structure in scanning electron microscopy images and encapsulated a sufficient level of viable LGG cells (1.6 × 108 CFU g−1). These granules also exhibited much better flowability and dispersibility than the spray-dried LGG powder.
카르복시메틸화 또는 TEMPO- 산화 전처리된 셀룰로오스 나노섬유의 화장품 소재 특성을 탐색하였다. 치환반응이나 산화반응의 여부를 제타 전위차로 측정하였고, 성공적으로 개질된 셀룰로오스를 기반으로 셀룰로오스 나노섬유를 제조하였다. 치환이나 산화 전처리 후 셀룰로오스의 전위차는 –40∼-50 mV로 음이온화 반응을 확인하였다. 보습제로 적합성 여부를 판단하기 위하여 수분보류도를 측정하였다. 두가지 셀룰로오스 나노섬유 모두 기존 화장품 소재(수분 보류도 250-400%) 보다 월등한 수분보류 특성(카르복시메틸화 전처리: 525%, TEMPO산화 전처리: 712%)을 확인하였다. 음이온 함량이 높을수록 수분 보류도가 향상되었다. 카르복실 음이온이 수분 보류도에 결정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각된다.
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