Abbas Al-Omran

Hospital General de Almansa

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Sameer Y Al-Abdi

King Fahad Hospital Hufūf

Saleh Al‐Alaiyan

King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre

Hesham A Shapan

King Abdulaziz Hospital

David Dyer

Monash Health

Zakyia S Al-Qoweri

Hospital General de Almansa

Naglaa I Moustafa

Hospital General de Almansa

Shaimaa A El-Nokbasy

Hospital General de Almansa

Zakariya Al‐Salam

King Fahad Central Hospital

J. N. Sharma

IFTM University

Hasan Mohammad Al-Amer

Cooperative Institutions

Hospital General de Almansa

King Fahad Hospital Hufūf

King Abdulaziz Hospital

Alfaisal University

King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre

Kuwait University

Maternity and Children's Hospital

National Guard Health Affairs

King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center

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Theophylline Concentration Following Equal Doses of Intravenous Aminophylline and Oral Theophylline in Preterm Infants

American Journal of Perinatology (1997)

Abbas Al-Omran Saleh Al‐Alaiyan

Steady-state serum theophylline concentrations following equal doses of intravenous aminophylline and oral theophylline were compared in 30 preterm infants with gestational age of 29.2 ± 2.9 weeks. The result showed no significant statistical difference between the mean serum concentration of theophylline (8.2 ± 2.2 μg/mL vs. 8.4 ± 1.9 μg/mL; p = 0.483). This indicates that a dose reduction of 20%, which is currently recommended, is not required when changing from intravenous aminophylline to oral theophylline. We conclude that in preterm infants, equal doses of intravenous aminophylline and oral theophylline maintain the same serum theophylline concentration.

Aminophylline

10.1055/s-2007-994116

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Citations (4)

The use of phosphodiesterase inhibitor (dipyridamole) to wean from inhaled nitric oxide

Intensive Care Medicine (1996)

Saleh Al‐Alaiyan Abbas Al-Omran David Dyer

Discontinuation

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Ductus arteriosus

Dipyridamole

10.1007/s001340050219

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Citations (1)

A retrospective comparison of phototherapy need in O–B versus O–A incompatibility in a single Saudi institution

Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine (2023)

Abbas Al-Omran Hesham A Shapan Sameer Y Al-Abdi

ABO incompatibility is a major risk factor for neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia (NIH), requiring treatment. It has been shown that there are racial differences in direct antiglobulin test (DAT) positivity and phototherapy need in the O--B versus (vs) O--A incompatibility. The comparison between the O--B and O--A incompatibility is not well studied in Saudi Arabia.We aimed to compare DAT positivity and phototherapy need in O-B vs O-A incompatibility in Saudi Arabia.This retrospective cohort study was conducted in one Saudi hospital. We included a convenience sample of neonates born between 01 January 2013 and 31 December 2021. We included healthy neonates admitted to the nursery care unit only, born at≥38 weeks gestation, and had normal G6PD levels. Neonates that had no G6PD level measurement or lost follow-up post-discharge were excluded. The data span was the first 14 days of life.A total of 611 neonates met our inclusion criteria. Positive DAT was more prevalent in the O-B than the O-A incompatibility [43.5% vs 29.2%, p < 0.001). A greater odd of phototherapy need was observed in the O--B vs O-A incompatibility across various strata. Readmission for NIH, use of 360° exposure phototherapy, or intravenous immunoglobulin administration was more prevalent in the O-B than the O-A incompatibility (13.2% vs 5.0%, p < 0.001). A logistic regression analysis revealed that the O-B incompatibility modified the association between DAT positivity and phototherapy need.The O-B incompatibility had a mediator effect on the relationship between DAT positivity and the need for phototherapy in the study population, which emphasizes that the O-B and O-A are not the same from the NIH point of view.

10.3233/npm-221136

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A Saudi Hospital’s Experience in the Management of Well-Appearing Neonates at Increased Risk for Early-Onset Bacterial Sepsis

Cureus (2023)

Sameer Y Al-Abdi Abbas Al-Omran Naglaa I Moustafa Zakyia S Al-Qoweri Shaimaa A El-Nokbasy

Background: Early-onset neonatal bacterial sepsis (EOS) is a serious medical condition where pathogenic bacterial species are isolated from the blood of newborns within the first 72 hours of life. Neonatal healthcare providers face challenges in managing well-appearing newborns born at 35 weeks gestational age or more who are at an increased risk of developing EOS. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has recommended three approaches for managing EOS. One of these approaches includes enhanced observation to observe the progression of the newborn's clinical condition within the first 48 hours after birth. The AAP recommends that birth centers should adopt institutional approaches that are tailored to their specific local resources and structures. It recommends that the chosen approach is evaluated to identify infrequent negative outcomes and to confirm its effectiveness. Aims: To report our experience in managing EOS in newborns born at 35 weeks gestation or later with an increased risk for EOS. Methods: This was a review of electronic medical records from the past five years. We included a sample of newborns born at or after 35 weeks gestational age who were at increased risk of EOS and appeared to be healthy. We implemented universal antenatal culture-based screening for Group B streptococcus (GBS). We followed the recommendations of the AAP in 2012 to manage these newborns. We performed a complete blood count (CBC) with differential and C-reactive protein (CRP) tests to predict EOS. We also considered the newborns symptomatic if they displayed any clinical signs of EOS. Results: A total of 806 newborns were included in the study, out of which 27 (3.3%) of them had symptoms of EOS, while the remaining 782 newborns appeared healthy. Predictive blood tests were performed on 281 (34.9%) of the newborns, out of which 126 (44.8%) of them had a positive test result. However, blood cultures were obtained from 134 (16.6%) of the total cohort. Intravenous antibiotics were administered to 33 (4.1%) of the newborns. All symptomatic newborns had a positive predictive blood test result, and two of them had culture-proven EOS. Blood cultures obtained from the remaining 107 asymptomatic newborns were negative. In this context, 140 newborns needed to be pricked for positive predictive blood tests to predict one case of EOS. However, if the positive predictive blood tests were only performed on symptomatic newborns, then only 14 newborns would need to be pricked to predict one case of EOS. Conclusion: Based on the present study, it is advised to follow the current AAP recommendation against predicting EOS by solely relying on CBC with differential or CRP. The study suggests that the enhanced observation approach is a more sensible option for managing EOS, but this needs to be confirmed in a larger study.

Neonatal Sepsis

Blood Culture

10.7759/cureus.49570

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Role of nitric oxide in inflammatory diseases

Inflammopharmacology (2007)

J. N. Sharma Abbas Al-Omran Subramanian S. Parvathy

Pathogenesis

Mediator

10.1007/s10787-007-0013-x

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Citations (1,197)

Vascular Thrombosis in Newborn Infants

Annals of Saudi Medicine (1999)

Abbas Al-Omran Saleh Al‐Alaiyan

10.5144/0256-4947.1999.52

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Citations (1)

Cord Platelet Count of Full-Term Neonates in Relation to ABO Incompatibility and Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Levels: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Cureus (2022)

Sameer Y Al-Abdi Abbas Al-Omran Hesham A Shapan

Background The immunoglobulin G of mothers with O blood type may sensitize the platelets of their neonates with A (O-A incompatibility) or B (O-B incompatibility) blood type. As the expression and antigenicity of the B antigen on platelets is less than that of the A antigens, we have hypothesized that platelet count is higher in the O-B incompatibility group compared to the O-A incompatibility group. There is controversy about whether glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, without evidence of hemolysis, is associated with a lower platelet count than G6PD-normal. Aim To assess whether platelet count is higher in the O-B than in the O-A incompatible neonates and whether it correlates with their G6PD levels. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study on a sample of 835 healthy neonates born at ≥38 weeks gestation who were either A or B blood types with mothers that carried the blood type O Rh-positive. The platelet count (thousand per microliter) from umbilical cord venous blood (UCVB) was used. A G6PD level of 11.0 units/gram of hemoglobin (U/g Hb) was considered the lower reference limit. G6PD deficiency was defined as a G6PD level of <3.3 U/g Hb in both sexes. Intermediate G6PD deficiency in females was described as a G6PD level of 3.3-8.8 U/g Hb. Results The mean UCVB platelet count was higher in female neonates compared to male neonates (n=389, 283±65 versus n=446, 272±73, p=0.01). The mean UCVB platelet count was higher in the O-B incompatibility group in both male (n=114, 291±82 versus n=103, 266±63) and female neonates (n=83, 303±66 versus n=81, 278±58) with G6PD levels of >8.8 U/g Hb. There was a positive weak correlation between UCVB platelet counts and G6PD levels only in O-B incompatible female neonates (n=176, r=0.23, p=0.002). The partitioning and combined 95% reference intervals (RIs) of the UCVB platelet count were presented. Conclusion The platelet count was higher in the O-B incompatibility group compared to the O-A incompatibility group, but only when the G6PD level was >8.8 U/g Hb. A correlation between UCVB platelet count and G6PD levels was found only among O-B incompatible female neonates. These findings may have an important implication in estimating RIs of the UCVB platelet count, however, they need to be confirmed and explored in future research.

ABO incompatibility

10.7759/cureus.30284

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Readmission for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in an area with a high prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: A hospital-based retrospective study

Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine (2017)

Abbas Al-Omran Sameer Y Al-Abdi Zakariya Al‐Salam

Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common causes of neonatal readmission to hospital.To assess risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia among neonates readmitted for this condition and the ratio of the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) to the mean corpuscular volume (MCV).We retrospectively studied the clinical and laboratory findings, management and possible risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in 301 neonates born at ≥35 weeks gestation and readmitted to hospital owing to hyperbilirubinemia over five years.No risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia were identified in 64 (21.3%) neonates, and one or more risk factors were found in 237 neonates (78.7%). The most prevalent risk factor (41.9%) was G6PD deficiency, which occurred in 11 of the 15 neonates with a serum bilirubin level ≥427 μmol/l. A double-volume exchange blood transfusion was performed in two neonate boys in whom G6PD deficiency was the single risk factor for hyperbilirubinemia. One of them developed kernicterus later. The MCHC/MCV ratio of neonates with idiopathic hyperbilirubinemia, unexplained hemolysis, or other risk factors overlapped.This study confirmed that in an area where G6PD deficiency is prevalent, it is the most common and most severe risk factor for hyperbilirubinemia. This finding supports routine neonatal screening for G6PD deficiency in such areas. The usefulness of determining the MCHC/MCV ratio in the management of hyperbilirubinemia is uncertain.

Kernicterus

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Exchange transfusion

Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

10.3233/npm-171696

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Citations (19)

Intravenous immunoglobulin doesn′t decrease mortality for suspected or proven sepsis in the neonate

Journal of Clinical Neonatology (2013)

Abbas Al-Omran

10.4103/2249-4847.123088

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Citations (1)

Linezolid Add-On Rescue Therapy Cured MRSA Necrotizing Pneumonia: A Case Report in a Preterm Infant

Abbas Al-Omran Sameer Y Al-Abdi Hasan Mohammad Al-Amer

Necrotizing pneumonia due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is devastating and difficult to treat in preterm infants. We report a case of severe MRSA necrotizing pneumonia in a preterm infant. As an add-on rescue therapy to vancomycin, linezolid rapidly cured this case after the failure of vancomycin plus rifampicin. This rapid cure suggests that adjunctive rather than rescue linezolid may be considered in such cases.

Linezolid

Rescue therapy

10.20944/preprints202007.0219.v1

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