Carmen Tartera

United States Food and Drug Administration

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Mark K. Mammel

United States Food and Drug Administration

Jayanthi Gangiredla

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

Tammy J. Barnaba

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

David W. Lacher

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

Christopher A. Elkins

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Keith A. Lampel

United States Food and Drug Administration

Solomon T. Gebru

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

Isha R. Patel

United States Food and Drug Administration

J. Jofre

Universitat de Barcelona

Juan Jofre

Universitat de Barcelona

Cooperative Institutions

United States Food and Drug Administration

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

Food and Drug Administration

Universitat de Barcelona

University of Maryland, College Park

Johns Hopkins University

University of Maryland, Baltimore

National Institutes of Health

University of Pennsylvania

Center for Veterinary Medicine

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Draft Genome Sequences of Bifidobacterium Strains Isolated from Dietary Supplements and Cultured Food Products

Genome Announcements (2018)

Tammy J. Barnaba Jayanthi Gangiredla Mark K. Mammel David W. Lacher Christopher A. Elkins

Here, we present the genome sequences of 23 Bifidobacterium isolates from several commercially available dietary supplements and cultured food products. Strains of this genus are natural inhabitants of the mammalian mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina. Some species are considered beneficial to human health.

Human gastrointestinal tract

Health Benefits

10.1128/genomea.00610-18

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Bacteriophages active against Bacteroides fragilis in sewage-polluted waters

Applied and Environmental Microbiology (1987)

Carmen Tartera J. Jofre

Twelve strains of different Bacteroides species were tested for their efficiency of detection of bacteriophages from sewage. The host range of several isolated phages was investigated. The results indicated that there was a high degree of strain specificity. Then, by using Bacteroides fragilis HSP 40 as the host, which proved to be the most efficient for the detection of phages, feces from humans and several animal species and raw sewage, river water, water from lagoons, seawater, groundwater, and sediments were tested for the presence of bacteriophages that were active against B. fragilis HSP 40. Phages were detected in feces of 10% of the human fecal samples tested and was never detected in feces of the other animal species studied. Moreover, bacteriophages were always recovered from sewage and sewage-polluted samples of waters and sediments, but not from nonpolluted samples. The titers recovered were dependent on the degree of pollution in analyzed waters and sediments.

Bacteroides fragilis

Coliphage

10.1128/aem.53.7.1632-1637.1987

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Citations (199)

Gut Microbiome Metagenomics in Lean and Obese Individuals with Prediabetes and After Dietary Supplementation with Red Raspberry Fruit and Fermentable Fibers

Current Developments in Nutrition (2020)

Xuhuiqun Zhang Jayanthi Gangiredla Carmen Tartera Mark K. Mammel Tammy J. Barnaba

Metagenomic analysis of the human gut microbiome is a rich dataset for discovery of possible biomarker discovery linking molecular and genomic data of resident microbial communities to host factors such as diet and clinical indices of disease risk. The objectives of this research are to: 1) characterize the structural and functional capacity of the gut microbiome of individuals with prediabetes and insulin resistance (PreDM), including relationship to body adiposity; 2) assess the influence of fruit supplementation, specifically red raspberries (RRB), a source of dietary fiber and tannins, on metagenomic biomarkers, 3) assess whether adding fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), a known prebiotic fiber, would augment the dietary fruit effect. In a randomized, 4-week treatment crossover clinical trial, subjects (n = 36: PreDM, n = 26; metabolically-healthy Reference group, n = 10) consumed RRB (1 cup fresh equivalence) daily or RRB with 8g FOS daily for 4 weeks separated by 4-week washout. DNA extracted from stool samples were assessed using whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing at week 0 for the PreDM and Reference groups and then after RRB vs. RRB + FOS supplementation. Blautia obeum (P = 0.02) and Blautia wexlerae (P < 0.001) were overly abundant characterizing the PreDM gut. Among PreDM, the obese subgroup (n = 15) were characterized by overabundant Bacteroides vulgatus and underabundant Bifidobacterium longum compared with PreDM lean group (n = 11) (P < 0.05). RRB supplementation increased Clostridium orbiscindensin all participants (P = 0.04), whereas adding FOS significantly increased Bifidobacterium spp.in all participants (P < 0.05), and reduced B. obeum (P = 0.04) and B. wexlerae (P = 0.03) in PreDM group. Distinguishing compositional characteristics of gut microbiome were evident among metabolically at risk individuals, and dietary strategies incorporating fruit/RRB with prebiotics/FOS revealed possible microbial biomarkers for clinical indices related to adiposity. Funds were provided by the National Processed Raspberry Council.

Prediabetes

Prebiotic

Bifidobacterium longum

10.1093/cdn/nzaa062_058

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Culture and Decontamination Methods Affecting Enumeration of Phages Infecting Bacteroides fragilis in Sewage

Applied and Environmental Microbiology (1993)

Carmen Tartera R. Araujo Tomas A. Michel Juan Jofre Joseph G. Brand

[This corrects the article on p. 3407 in vol. 58.].

Bacteroides fragilis

Enumeration

Human decontamination

10.1128/aem.59.1.351-351.1993

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Draft Genome Sequences of 20 Aspergillus flavus Isolates from Corn Kernels and Cornfield Soils in Louisiana

Microbiology Resource Announcements (2020)

Solomon T. Gebru Mark K. Mammel Jayanthi Gangiredla Carmen Tartera Jeffrey W. Cary

Aspergillus flavus is a common saprophyte and opportunistic fungal pathogen that infects plants, animals, and humans. It also produces numerous toxic and nontoxic secondary metabolites. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 20 A. flavus isolates, belonging to 16 vegetative compatibility groups, from Louisiana corn kernels and cornfield soils.

10.1128/mra.00826-20

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Comparative Genomics of 28 Salmonella enterica Isolates: Evidence for CRISPR-Mediated Adaptive Sublineage Evolution

Journal of Bacteriology (2011)

W. Florian Fricke Mark K. Mammel Patrick F. McDermott Carmen Tartera David G. White

ABSTRACT Despite extensive surveillance, food-borne Salmonella enterica infections continue to be a significant burden on public health systems worldwide. As the S. enterica species comprises sublineages that differ greatly in antigenic representation, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, a better understanding of the species' evolution is critical for the prediction and prevention of future outbreaks. The roles that virulence and resistance phenotype acquisition, exchange, and loss play in the evolution of S. enterica sublineages, which to a certain extent are represented by serotypes, remains mostly uncharacterized. Here, we compare 17 newly sequenced and phenotypically characterized nontyphoidal S. enterica strains to 11 previously sequenced S. enterica genomes to carry out the most comprehensive comparative analysis of this species so far. These phenotypic and genotypic data comparisons in the phylogenetic species context suggest that the evolution of known S. enterica sublineages is mediated mostly by two mechanisms, (i) the loss of coding sequences with known metabolic functions, which leads to functional reduction, and (ii) the acquisition of horizontally transferred phage and plasmid DNA, which provides virulence and resistance functions and leads to increasing specialization. Matches between S. enterica clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), part of a defense mechanism against invading plasmid and phage DNA, and plasmid and prophage regions suggest that CRISPR-mediated immunity could control short-term phenotype changes and mediate long-term sublineage evolution. CRISPR analysis could therefore be critical in assessing the evolutionary potential of S. enterica sublineages and aid in the prediction and prevention of future S. enterica outbreaks.

Salmonella enterica

Prophage

Comparative Genomics

10.1128/jb.00297-11

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Citations (156)

Increased secretion of exopolysaccharide and virulence potential of a mucoid variant of Salmonella enterica serovar Montevideo under environmental stress

Microbial Pathogenesis (2016)

Junia Jean-Gilles Beaubrun Ben D. Tall M.-L. Flamer Isha R. Patel Gopal Gopinath

Salmonella enterica

Strain (injury)

10.1016/j.micpath.2016.12.005

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Citations (7)

Draft Genome Sequences of Escherichia albertii, Escherichia fergusonii, and Strains Belonging to Six Cryptic Lineages of Escherichia spp

Genome Announcements (2018)

Jayanthi Gangiredla Mark K. Mammel Tammy J. Barnaba Carmen Tartera Solomon T. Gebru

We report here the genome sequences of 55 strains belonging to the genus Escherichia from multiple animal and environmental sources. These strains include representatives of Escherichia albertii, Escherichia fergusonii, and six additional genetically distinct lineages of Escherichia spp., one of which is newly discovered and is being reported for the first time here.

Escherichia

10.1128/genomea.00271-18

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Citations (19)

Draft Genome Sequences of Nine Bacillus Strains and Two Weizmannia Strains Isolated from Live Dietary Supplements and a Cultured Food Product

Microbiology Resource Announcements (2022)

Tammy J. Barnaba Jayanthi Gangiredla Mark K. Mammel David W. Lacher Carmen Tartera

We present the genome sequences of nine Bacillus isolates and two Weizmannia isolates from 10 different dietary supplements and one cultured food product. Strains of these species have been associated with health benefits when ingested by humans, due to their ability to survive the stomach's acidic environment and colonize the intestinal tract.

Bacillus (shape)

Health Benefits

Food microbiology

10.1128/mra.00908-21

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Citations (2)

Comparative Resistance of Bacteriophages Active against Bacteroides fragilis to Inactivation by Chlorination or Ultraviolet Radiation

Water Science & Technology (1989)

Anna Bosch Carmen Tartera Rodrigo Gajardo José María Soberanes Diez J. Jofre

In order to assess the potential usefullness of bacteriophages active against Bacteroides fragilis for the monitoring of viral disinfection in environmental samples, the sensitivity to chlorination and to UV irradiation of bacteriophage B40-8 was evaluated in comparison to that of poliovirus type 1 (LSc2ab), simian rotavirus SA11, coliphage f2, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus faecalis. The inactivation of the different microorganisms by chlorine or UV treatment was monitored in tap water and sewage. The results indicated that viruses persisted significantly (p<0.05) longer than bacteria in the presence of both disinfectants. Phage B40-8 was the most resistant microorganism to chlorination (p<0.05) while coliphage f2 was the most resistant to UV irradiation. In the latter, phage B40-8 was nevertheless as resistant as poliovirus and rotavirus. As expected, all microorganisms were significantly (p<0.05) more resistant to both disinfection procedures in sewage than in tap water. These studies lead to the suggestion of the use of bacteriophage B40-8, instead of indicator bacteria, for the monitoring of viral disinfection in sewage-polluted water.

Coliphage

Bacteroides fragilis

Tap water

10.2166/wst.1989.0103

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Citations (19)