The purpose of this study was to examine the level of overall motivation, intrinsic and extrinsic goal orientations, perceptual learning style preferences, and to determine the motivation and perceptual learning style preference differences among 169 grades 5-8 students learning Chinese as a foreign language at Concordian International School in Bangkok, Thailand, during the first semester of the academic year 2015-2016. The study employed a quantitative research methodology utilizing a questionnaire to collect data. There were four main findings. First, the level of overall motivation for learning Chinese as a foreign language among grade 5 to grade 8 students was high, with the level of intrinsic goal orientation being moderate; and the level of extrinsic goal orientation being high. Second, kinesthetic, tactile and group learning style preferences were major, while visual, auditory and individual were minor learning style preferences. Third, there was no significant difference of overall motivation in Chinese as a foreign language learning according to grade levels, with no significant difference of intrinsic goal orientation according to grade levels and no significant difference of extrinsic goal orientation in Chinese as a foreign language learning according to grade levels. Finally, there was a significant difference of perceptual learning style preferences in Chinese as a foreign language learning according to grade levels. The study concludes with recommendations for practice and for future research.
Abstract Due to the rapid development of internet technology, big data, artificial intelligence, multimedia and other new technologies are updated rapidly, and all walks of life have an increasingly urgent demand for information technology. As a base for teaching and cultivating talents, schools should adapt to the development of the times and make full use of information technology to carry out educational activities. For example, "Internet plus" can be used for innovation in school teaching mode. This paper mainly talks about the innovation research of "Internet plus" volleyball teaching system in the context of the information age. This paper analyzes the influence of "Internet plus" on the teaching mode in universities and colleges, and studies how to use the "Internet plus" to change the teaching mode of Volleyball in universities. The results of this paper show that the "Internet plus" volleyball teaching is a new teaching system that is united and common. It helps to break the traditional volleyball teaching mode in universities and colleges, and improve the single teaching form, the limitation of time and space, and so on. The confidence interval of SPSS17.0 is 0.96. The use of multimedia in the "Internet plus" volleyball teaching system improves the volleyball performance of students, and promotes the smooth progress of Volleyball Teaching in Colleges and universities.
Recommender systems not only serve users but also affect user preferences through personalized recommendations. Recent researches investigate the effects of the entire recommender system on user preferences, i.e., system-level effects, and find that recommendations may lead to problems such as echo chambers and filter bubbles. To properly alleviate the problems, it is necessary to estimate the effects of recommending a specific item on user preferences, i.e., item-level effects. For example, by understanding whether recommending an item aggravates echo chambers, we can better decide whether to recommend it or not.
We analyze TV, web, and YouTube media consumption data for N = 55,000 panelists over a period of 44 months to identify the incidence and demographic correlates of news consumption across media channels. Less than 10% of the panelists (N ~ 5,300) view and browse news on the three platforms. This small group of news hyper-consumers is formed predominantly by older male users with higher education. We find no evidence of substitution effects in the time these users spend consuming news on each of the three media channels: controlling for demographics and random effects, an increase on news time on one platform has a positive impact on news time on the other two platforms. Our results uncover important demographic divides in how audiences navigate a high-choice media environment, with only an unrepresentative minority of users engaging with news content across the media landscape. These results also highlight the importance of using large panel data to identify behaviors that are statistically rare and, as such, unlikely to be detected with smaller panels.
The interfacial properties of primary amine N 1923 in different diluents 0 1 mol/L (H,Na)NO 3 (pH=2 34) liquid/liquid systems have been studied. The interfacial parameters, c min and A I, of N 1923 have been obtained. It was suggested that the monomeric N 1923 molecule was the active species adsorbed at the interface. The interfacial activity of N 1923 in different systems decreased as follows: n heptane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, isoamyl acetate and methyliso butylketone(MIBK). This results were possibly due to the interaction between diluents and extractant, extractant and water molecules near interfacial layer, and diluents and water molecules near interfacial layer. The relationship between the interfacial properties and extraction reaction have also been discussed.
Chemical fertilizer has been excessively used for high yield of citrus around the world, especially in China; meanwhile, it deteriorates the citrus orchard soil environment. To resolve the conflict, the use of organic fertilizer provides a promising solution. However, the data about organic fertilizer used in citrus orchard is rarely available. Here, four treatments including CK (no fertilizer), CF (chemical fertilizer), OF + CF (chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer; application of N, P2O5, K2O fertilizer and organic fertilizer is 0.564, 0.236, 0.336 and 10 kg/plant), and BF + CF (chemical fertilizer reduction combined with bioorganic fertilizer; application of N, P2O5, K2O fertilizer and bioorganic fertilizer is 0.508, 0.320, 0.310 and 10 kg/plant) were performed in a ‘Ponkan’ (Citrus reticulata Blanco) orchard to evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer on citrus yield, growth, soil properties etc. when nutrients of fertilizer of each treatment were equal except CK. The data obtained in 2019 and 2020 showed that both OF + CF and BF + CF were beneficial to improve soil fertility (soil physicochemical and microbe properties) and citrus growth physiology (growth, nutrient and photosynthesis), alleviate NO3−-N leaching, and promote yields. Comprehensive evaluation indicated that BF + CF was more effective than OF + CF. Together, organic fertilizer has the potential to substitute partial chemical fertilizer with improvement in soil properties, growth physiology, and yield of citrus.
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