To study the effect of anti-osteoporosis therapies on mortality after hip fracture.This retrospective study was carried out in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and enrolled 690 patients 50 years of age and older who were admitted with hip fractures between 2010 and 2015. The patients were followed in 2017: 690 patients aged was from 50 to 103 years. There were 456 women and 234 men. There were 335 patients with fractures of the femoral neck and 355 patients with intertrochanteric fractures of the femur. There were 444 (64.35%) patients who also had internal diseases. The Charlson comorbidity index was 0-6. The anti-osteoporosis medications were classified into no anti-osteoporosis medication, calcium + vitamin D supplementations, non-bisphosphonate medication, and bisphosphonate medication. The physicians followed the patients or family members by personal visit and telephone. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were done with known risk factors for mortality of hip fracture, such as gender, age, number of combined internal diseases, fracture type, place of residence, and Charlson comorbidity index, to show which anti-osteoporosis medications had significant effects on mortality after adjustment for these variables.Out of 690 patients with hip fractures, 149 patients received no anti-osteoporosis medication, 63 patients received calcium +vitamin D supplementations, 398 patients received non-bisphosphonate medication, and 80 patients received bisphosphonate medication. The patients were followed between 7 months and 52 months, with the average of 28.53 ± 9.75 months. A total of 166 patients died during the follow-up period. Of 166 deaths, 43 occurred within 3 months, 65 within 6 months, and 99 within 1 year after the hip fracture. In this study, fracture type, place of residence, and Charlson comorbidity index were not associated with the mortality, and the male gender, age > 75 years, and ≥ 2 combined internal diseases were the independent factors for deaths post-hip fracture. The cumulative mortality was 36.24% in the patients receiving no anti-osteoporosis medication. The hazard ratio for mortality after hip fracture with bisphosphonate medication, non-bisphosphonate medication, and calcium/vitamin D supplementation was 0.355 (95% CI, 0.194-0.648), 0.492 (95% CI, 0.347-0.699) and 0.616 (95% CI, 0.341-1.114), respectively, as compared with no anti-osteoporosis group. Bisphosphonate and non-bisphosphonate medications for osteoporosis were significantly associated with the reduction of cumulative mortality post-hip fracture (P < 0.01).Bisphosphonate and non-bisphosphonate medications for osteoporosis were significantly associated with decreased mortality after fragility hip fracture.
We investigated the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA AC003090.1 in human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs). Tissues from patients with osteoporosis (OP) were collected for the detection and analysis of AC003090.1, miR-203a-3p, and FOXP1 expression by QPCR. The expression and activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an osteogenic marker, were detected using a modified Gomori calcium-cobalt assay and PNP colorimetric assay. Calcium deposition on the extracellular surface was demonstrated using alizarin red staining. Using the Oil Red O staining assay to detecte the Intracellular lipid content. Dual luciferase reporting system verified the targeting relationship between AC003090.1 or FOXP1 and miR-203a-3p. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression level of β -catenin in hBMSCs after different intervention treatments. The expression levels of AC003090.1 and FOXP1 were downregulated in Osteoporosis (OP), whereas those of miR-203a-3p were upregulated. An increase in AC003090.1 expression could enhance hBMSC osteogenic differentiation (OD) and reduce the adipogenic ability of hBMSCs. Furthermore, miR-203a-3p mimics or FOXP1 knock-down reversed the effect of increased AC003090.1 expression on OD and adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Dual luciferase reporter assays showed that AC003090.1 can sponge miR-203a-3p, which targets FOXP1 in hBMSCs. LncRNA AC003090.1 promotes OD of hBMSCs by regulating the miR-203a-3p/FOXP1 axis.
In the 21st century with rapid development of knowledge economy, China is fully integrated with the world and the society of students' comprehensive quality and practical work ability have higher requirements. The goal of college students' foreign language ability is to turn professional talents into professionalize foreign language talents, which poses a severe challenge to the teaching of professional English in colleges and universities. This paper starts with the English teaching of agricultural machinery major in Shihezi University in recent years, analyzes the current situation of agricultural machinery English teaching in colleges and universities and puts forward the improvement countermeasures and suggestions for the existing problems.
In order to improve the drying quality of winter jujube slices and find the best drying process parameters, RF + HA (radio frequency combined hot air) drying technology was used in this study to study the effects of plate spacing, RF application time, and RF interval time on the quality of winter jujube slices. Vitamin C (VC) content, red and green value (a*), and drying rate (DR) were used as quality indexes, and the changing trend of texture properties was analyzed. According to the conclusion of the single-factor experiment, the orthogonal experiment is carried out, and the parameters of each factor in the orthogonal experiment are optimized by the comprehensive balance method and matrix analysis method. The results showed as follows: (1) Plate spacing, RF application, and interval time all significantly affected the drying properties in the single-factor test (p < 0.05). The VC content of winter jujube slices increased and then decreased with the increase in the three factors. (2) In the orthogonal test, the order of influence of each factor on the quality of the winter jujube tablet is plate spacing > RF interval time > RF application time. The optimum RF heat treatment parameters are plate spacing of 100 mm, RF application time of 3 min, and RF interval time of 2 min. Under these conditions, the VC content of the winter jujube slices was 258.35 mg/100 g, a* was -9.47 and the DR was 0.64 g/min. (3) RF + HA has more advantages in shortening drying time and maintaining shape, reducing hardness by 12.6 ~ 18.7% and crispiness by 13.8 ~ 20.4%, the microstructure of jujube slices shows a regular honeycomb shape. The research results provide a new drying combination mechanism and process optimization scheme for improving the drying technology of winter jujube slices in industrial production.
A drying temperature precision control system was studied to provide technical support for developing and further proving the superiority of the variable-temperature drying process. In this study, an improved neural network (INN) proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller (INN-PID) was designed. The dynamic performance of the PID, neural network PID (NN-PID) and INN-PID controllers was simulated with unit step signals as an input in MATLAB software. A drying temperature precision control system was set up in an air impingement dryer, and the drying temperature control experiment was carried out to verify the performance of the three controllers. Linear variable-temperature (LVT) and constant-temperature drying experiments of cantaloupe slices were carried out based on the system. Moreover, the experimental results were evaluated comprehensively with the brightness (L value), colour difference (ΔE), vitamin C content, chewiness, drying time and energy consumption (EC) as evaluation indexes. The simulation results show that the INN-PID controller outperforms the other two controllers in terms of control accuracy and regulation time. In the drying temperature control experiment at 50 °C-55 °C, the peak time of the INN-PID controller is 237.37 s, the regulation time is 134.91 s and the maximum overshoot is 4.74%. The INN-PID controller can quickly and effectively regulate the temperature of the inner chamber of the air impingement dryer. Compared with constant-temperature drying, LVT is a more effective drying mode as it ensures the quality of the material and reduces the drying time and EC. The drying temperature precision control system based on the INN-PID controller meets the temperature control requirements of the variable-temperature drying process. This system provides practical and effective technical support for the variable-temperature drying process and lays the foundation for further research. The LVT drying experiments of cantaloupe slices also show that variable-temperature drying is a better process than constant-temperature drying and is worthy of further study to be applied in production.
To investigate the surgical options and clinical effects of delayed osteoporotic vertebral collapse.From May 2010 to October 2014, 19 patients (20 vertebrae) with delayed osteoporotic vertebral collapse(Kümmell's disease) were enrolled in this study. There were 7 males and 12 females, aged from 65 to 87 years old with a mean of (73.5±5.62) years. According to Li staging system of Kümmell's disease, 3 cases were stage II, 13 cases (14 vertebrae) were stage III without spinal cord injury, 3 cases were stage III with spinal cord injury. Patients were respectively treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP) on the basis of the degree of postural reduction during operation. Injected cement volume, cement leakage, vertebral height restoration and local kyphotic reduction were observed. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) were respectively used to assess the pain and function before and after operation. Frankel grade were used to evaluate neurological status.Seven vertebrae with satisfactory postural reduction were treated with PVP, 13 vertebrae with unsatisfactory postural reduction were treated with PKP, 3 patients with spinal cord injury were treated with decompression and posterior short segment fixation at the same time. All patients were followed up from 10 to 48 months with an average of 21.2 months. Cement leakage occurred in 4 cases with no symptom, 1 cases in PVP group and 3 cases in PKP group, there was no significant difference between two groups(P=0.561). The priming volume of cement was (6.40±0.94) ml in PVP group and (5.46±1.09) ml in PKP group (P>0.05). Three days after operation vs preoperation, the vertebral height restoration and kyphotic improvement was(31.71±11.35)%, (9.79±4.64)° in PVP group and (24.77±8.51)%, (8.15±2.97)° in PKP. There was no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05). Three days after operation, VAS of low back pain and ODI in all patients were improved than preoperative data(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between two groups or between postoperative at 3 d and final follow up(P>0.05). Nerve function of 3 patients underwent decompression and fixation from Frankel D to E.According to Li staging system and the degree of introperative postural reduction, individualized surgical treatment for Kümmell's disease can obtain good clinical results. Bad postural reduction during operation maybe a risk factor of cement leakage.
Objective
To compare the clinical efficacy of anatomic locking compression plate augmented with anchor nail versus calvicular hook plate in the treatment of Neer typeⅡb distal calvicular fractures.
Methods
The data of 65 patients were retrospectively analyzed who had undergone surgery in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2015 for Neer type Ⅱb distal calvicular fractures. They were 39 men and 26 women, aged from 18 to 58 years(average, 42.6 years). Open reduction plus anatomical locking compression plating augmented with anchor nailing was performed in 33 patients (group A) and open reduction plus calvicular hook plating was conducted in 32 (group B). The internal fixation was removed one year after surgery in all. Constant Scale was used to evaluate shoulder function at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. X-ray examination on the shoulder was also conducted to observe fracture healing. Complications and percentage of the patients who resumed their job 3 months postoperatively were documented.
Results
The 2 groups were comparable because they showed no significant differences in general clinical information preoperatively (P>0.05). All the 65 patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months (average, 15.2 months). The fracture clinical healing time in group A (23.9±2.3 weeks) was significantly shorter than in group B (26.1±3.0 weeks) (P< 0.05). The mean Constant-Murley scores at 1, 3, 6 months and the last follow-up postoperatively in group A (91.2±3.6, 95.2±2.4, 96.1±5.1 and 97.3±1.6) were significantly higher than those in group B (89.2±6.1, 91.1±1.1, 91.2±6.2 and 92.1±3.1) (P< 0.05). The rate of total complications in group A (6.1%, 2/33) was significantly lower than in group B (25.0%, 8/32) (P< 0.05). At postoperative 3 months, 31 patients (93.9%) in group A resumed their job while 23 (71.9%) ones did in group B, showing a significant difference (P< 0.05).
Conclusions
For Neer Ⅱb distal calvicular fractures, anatomical locking compression plate augmented with anchor nail is obviously superior to calvicular hook plate, because the former can avoid damage to the soft tissue surrounding the acromion, leading to satisfactory functional recovery of the affected shoulder.
Key words:
Clavicle; Fracture fixation, internal; Bone plates; Bone nails
ABSTRACT The effects of SSB (superheated steam blanching) time (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 min) and drying temperature (50, 60, 70 and 80C) on drying kinetics and quality of yam slices under air impingement drying were investigated in this paper. Results indicated that the positive effect of SSB on drying rate might be overshowed by the negative effect of starch gelatinization and appropriate SSB could accelerate drying rate, whereas the effect of excessive SSB is reversed. The moisture effective diffusivity ranged from 1.1540 × 10 − 9 to 2.8431 × 10 −9 m 2 /s, calculated using Fick's second law of diffusion. The activation energy determined from the slope of the Arrhenius plot, ln( D eff ) versus 1/( T + 273.15), was 20.925 kJ/mol. Moderate increase in SSB time or decrease in drying temperature can improve the whiteness index of dried yam slices, whereas increase in SSB time and drying temperature can decrease the rehydration ratio of dried yam slices. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Yam is a nutritional, economical and healthy plant, which has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Fresh yams having relatively high‐moisture contents are very sensitive to microbial spoilage. Drying is one of the most common methods used for yam preservation. In China, the natural sun‐drying method is commonly used for drying yam. However, it requires a long drying time and the final product may be contaminated by dust and insects, especially toxic substances. Blanching is an essential step before the processing of vegetables and fruits, as it can accelerate the drying rate and prevent quality deterioration. Air impingement drying is an efficient drying technology, which has been successfully used in paper and textile industries. Understanding the effect of superheated steam blanching time and drying temperature on hot air impingement drying kinetics and quality of yam slices is helpful for improving the drying process efficiency and quality of dried yam slices.
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