A new record of the fern genus Cornopteris Nakai from Peninsular Malaysia is presented. The species, C. opaca (D. Don) Tagawa was encountered during recent fieldwork in Mount Berinchang, Cameron Highlands. Previously, it has only been recorded from Mount Kinabalu in Sabah, East Malaysia. A description, photographs, and a distribution map of known occurences in Malaysia have been provided.
Abstract: The stipe anatomy of five taxa in the genus Davallia in Peninsular Malaysia was studied. The selected species are D. angustata, D. dimorpha, D. heterophylla, D. pectinata and D. triphylla. The objective of this study is to determine the variations, similarities and diagnostic anatomical characteristics in the stipe that may have taxonomic value for identification of species, and could possibly be applied in classification of the genus Davallia. Common anatomical characteristics present in all species studied are the presence of sclerenchyma cells under the epidermal layers, presence of wings on the adaxial and abaxial side of stipe and presence of epidermal cells. There are some variations in the stipe anatomical characteristics such as shape of stipe outline, patterns of sclerenchyma cells under the epidermal layers, the arrangement of steles (type and shape) and the number of vascular bundle. This study has shown that the stipe anatomical characteristics have taxonomic significance in the Davallia especially for identification and differentiation of species.
A total of39 species ojpteridophyte in 22 genera and 15 families has been recorded in Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve,
Puchong, Selangor. The list of species prepared was based on collections in study area and previous available
data. The diversity of species is low and consistent with the nature of the Forest as a secondary forest.
A study on fern family Gleicheniaceae was carried out for Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 14 species including 10 varieties in 4 genera was identified and recorded, genus Dicranopteris (4 species, 7 varieties), Diplopterygium (5 species), Gleichenia (3 species) dan Sticherus (3 species, 3 varieties). These ferns were collected from the fringes of the Lowland Dipterocarp Forest (LDF), Hill Dipterocarp Forest (HDF), Lower Montane Forest (LMF) and Upper Montane Forest (UMF). Four species and 3 varieties were found to be widely distributed over 3 types of vegetation, the LDF, HDF and LMF. Three species were distributed over higher elevation from the HDF, LMF to UMF. One variety, Dicranopteris linearis var. altissima was only recorded from the LDF, whilst Diplopterygium giganteum and Gleichenia dicarpa were recorded only in the UMF. Dicranopteris linearis and Sticherus truncatus were found to be the most widely distributed G. Rusea • L. Y. Chin • H. Omar • M. Muskhazli • Y. Umi Kalsom Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Haja Maideen School of Environmental and Natural Resources Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia G. Rusea ( ) Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia e-mail: rusea@science.upm.edu.my species in this family whereby they could be found in all vegetation types. All species of Gleicheniaceae are terrestrial sun loving ferns and grew well on poor clay soils or poor nutrient soils. In fact, these ferns required small amount of mineral substances for growth. Members of this family mostly form thickets in open places, to which they are adapted to by their creeping rhizomes and the indefinite growth in length of scrambling or climbing fronds.
Anatomical studies of the stipe and rhizome were conducted on four Pleocnemia species recorded in Peninsular Malaysia, namely P. irregularis, P. conjugata, P. hemiteliiformis and P. olivacea to investigate the anatomical variations of the stipe and rhizome.Cross-section of the stipe and rhizome was done using sliding microtome.Stipe anatomical characteristics such as stipe outline, pattern of schlerenchyma cells under epidermal layers, stele types and shapes and rhizome anatomical characteristics such as presence of tanniferous idioblast cells, presence and types of trichomes were useful for species identification.The shared characters in all the Pleocnemia species studied were the presence of schlerenchyma cells below the epidermal layers and surrounding the steles, complex steles shape and primitive protestele (round).Diagnostic characteristics found in this study were stipe outline, number of schlerenchyma cell layers below the epidermal cells, presence of tanniferous idioblast cells in P. irregularis and P. hemiteliiformis and the different types of trichomes in all the four species.These diagnostic characters were useful for identification of the studied species.The present study showed that stipe and rhizome anatomical characteristics have taxonomic value in Pleocnemia and are useful support data for species differentiation and identification.
Kajian anatomi stip telah dijalankan ke atas tujuh spesies Davallia, iaitu D. denticulata, D. divaricata, D. trichomanioides var. trichomanioides, D. trichomanioides var. lorrainii, D. corniculata, D. repens dan D. solida var. solida di Malaysia. Kajian ini melibatkan keratan rentas bahagian stip menggunakan mikrotom gelongsor. Hasil kajian menunjukkan ciri anatomi stip seperti bentuk luaran stip, corak kehadiran sel sklerenkima di bawah epidermis, jenis dan bentuk stel, bilangan berkas vaskular, bilangan lapisan sel parenkima dan juga kehadiran cuping pada keratan rentas stip boleh digunakan untuk pengecaman dan pembezaan spesies. Ciri sepunya bagi genus Davallia ialah kehadiran sel sklerenkima mengelilingi stel dan di bawah lapisan sel epidermis, serta kehadiran sel parenkima berdinding tebal. Banyak ciri diagnostik ditemui dalam kajian ini dan antaranya ialah kehadiran satu cuping pada keratan stip tengah ditemui hanya pada D. trichomanioides var. lorrainii, corak 4 kehadiran sel sklerenkima di bawah epidermis ditemui hanya pada D. repens, corak 3 hanya ditemui pada D. solida var. solida, corak 5 dan 7 hanya ditemui pada D. corniculata, stel jenis dorsiventral protostel bagi D. divaricata dan bagi D. trichomanioides var. trichomanioides pula, kehadiran stel bentuk arka pada stip atas, stip tengah dan juga bawah merupakan ciri diagnostik yang baik untuk pengecaman spesies ini. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa ciri anatomi stip mempunyai nilai taksonomi dalam genus Davallia dan boleh digunakan sebagai data sokongan untuk tujuan pengecaman dan pembezaan spesies.
Pollen morphology of five genera of the family Acanthaceae, namely Ruellia, Blepharis, Asystasia, Ecbolium and Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) of Yemen has been examined using light and scanning electron microscope. Pollen descriptions were provided with two shapes distinguished, spheroidal and prolate. Most of the pollen grains were tricolporate amd psuedocolpi except those of Blepharis which are colpate. The surface is coarsely reticulate, in addition to the lumina that varies in size.
Pollens and seeds of Hypoestes and Rhinacanthus collected from different field localities in Taiz and Soqotra Island, Yemen were investigated by using light and scanning electron microscopes. Pollen grains of Hypoestes were prolate in equatorial view, lobate trigonal to lobate circular in polar view whereas those of Rhinacanthus were subspheroidal and rounded trigonal in polar view. The aperture was tricolporate and exine ornamentation was coarsely reticulate for all species in the two genera. Scanning electron microscopy and morphological observations showed that mature dry seeds of Hypoestes and Rhinacanthus have various sizes and shapes, the surface ornamentations observed were reticulate to cristate, an addition to the tuberculum and papillae. The three Hypoestes species differ in the seed structure which are useful for identification and their high structural diversity provides an important taxonomic value for species differentiation.
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