Rongsheng Wang

University of Science and Technology of China

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Quanming Lu

University of Science and Technology of China

110

San Lu

University of Science and Technology of China

Shui Wang

University of Science and Technology of China

Kai Huang

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Aimin Du

Institute of Geology and Geophysics

Xinliang Gao

University of Science and Technology of China

Jin Guo

University of Science and Technology of China

R. Nakamura

Austrian Academy of Sciences

Xinmin Li

University of Science and Technology of China

Can Huang

Sun Yat-sen University

Cooperative Institutions

Chinese Academy of Sciences

107

University of Science and Technology of China

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

Nanjing Medical University

University of California, Los Angeles

National Space Science Center

Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science

Jiangsu Province Hospital

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Evidence of transient reconnection in the outflow jet of primary reconnection site

Annales Geophysicae (2014)

Rongsheng Wang R. Nakamura T. Zhang Aimin Du W. Baumjohann

Abstract. The precise mechanism for the formation of magnetic islands in the magnetotail and the subsequent evolution are still controversial. New investigations have provided the first observational evidence of secondary reconnection in the earthward outflow jet of primary reconnection in the magnetotail. The secondary reconnection takes place 38 c/ωpi earthward from the primary reconnection site and results in the birth of a magnetic island observed. This generation mechanism is different from the widely used model of multiple reconnection X-lines. The duration of the secondary reconnection was approximate one ion gyration period (5 s). The observations resemble recent numerical simulations where magnetic reconnection could spontaneously and transiently happen in the outflow jet, called secondary reconnection, which was used to explain the formation of the dipolarization fronts. Coincidentally, another magnetic island moving earthward passed through three satellites successively. By this chance we find the magnetic island was accelerated towards Earth with an acceleration of about 9 km s−2 at −19 RE in the magnetotail.

Outflow

Plasmoid

Current sheet

10.5194/angeo-32-239-2014

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Citations (7)

Electron-Scale Quadrants of the Hall Magnetic Field Observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft during Asymmetric Reconnection

Physical Review Letters (2017)

Rongsheng Wang R. Nakamura Quanming Lu W. Baumjohann R. E. Ergun

An in situ measurement at the magnetopause shows that the quadrupole pattern of the Hall magnetic field, which is commonly observed in a symmetric reconnection, is still evident in an asymmetric component reconnection, but the two quadrants adjacent to the magnetosphere are strongly compressed into the electron scale and the widths of the remaining two quadrants are still ion scale. The bipolar Hall electric field pattern generally created in a symmetric reconnection is replaced by a unipolar electric field within the electron-scale quadrants. Furthermore, it is concluded that the spacecraft directly passed through the inner electron diffusion region based on the violation of the electron frozen-in condition, the energy dissipation, and the slippage between the electron flow and the magnetic field. Within the inner electron diffusion region, magnetic energy was released and accumulated simultaneously, and it was accumulated in the perpendicular directions while dissipated in the parallel direction. The localized thinning of the current sheet accounts for the energy accumulation in a reconnection.

Current sheet

10.1103/physrevlett.118.175101

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Citations (72)

An Efficient Low-voltage Shock Wave Generator for Electrohydraulic Lithotriptors

Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering (2001)

Shen-Min Liang Fangming Yu Yan-De Lee Rongsheng Wang Yong-Ren Pu

Shunt generator

Electric generator

Source

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MMS Observations of Broadband Electrostatic Waves in Electron Diffusion Region of Magnetotail Reconnection

Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics (2021)

Xiancai Yu Quanming Lu Rongsheng Wang Kai Huang Xinliang Gao

Abstract In this study, the broadband electrostatic waves are observed in electron diffusion region (EDR). Detailed analysis has shown that the parallel electric field of these waves have a bipolar or continuous steepening waveform. The bipolar structures of the parallel electric field are usually accompanied by electron holes (EHs) in phase space. The parallel spatial scales of EHs are ∼3–5 ( is the Debye length), and the perpendicular spatial scales are larger than ∼18.6 . Therefore, the length ratios are larger than ∼3.7–6.2, which means that the EHs have oblate shapes. Associated with these plasma waves, electron beams propagating away from the X‐line have been observed. By performing a one‐dimensional (1‐D) electrostatic particle‐in‐cell simulation of the bump‐on‐tail instability, we reproduce two types of waveforms similar to those observed in the EDR during the different evolution stage of the instability, which implies that these electrostatic waves are generated by the bump‐on‐tail instabilities.

10.1029/2020ja028882

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Citations (12)

Kaempferol Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Through Mitochondria-dependent Pathway During Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Frontiers in Pharmacology (2021)

Chunli Yang Wenkai Yang Zhaohui He Guo Jing-hua Xiaogang Yang

In previous study, we reported that kaempferol ameliorates significantly lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI), and may be achieved by targeting the SIRT 1 pathway. This study further explored the anti-LIRI mechanism of kaempferol. In vitro , the rat alveolar epithelial cells L2 was cultured and subjected to anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) insult. In vivo , SD rats were operated to establish LIRI model. The related indicators of oxidative stress and apoptosis in L2 cells and rats lung tissues were detected. Results showed that kaempferol pre-treatment significantly increased the cell viability, improved mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, reduced the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis, increased the expressions of Bcl-2 and mitochondrial cytochrome c, and decreased the expressions of Bax and cytoplasmic cytochrome c in L2 cells after A/R insult. In vivo , kaempferol improved the pathological injury, inhibited the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis, increased the expressions of Bcl-2 and mitochondrial cytochrome c, and decreased the expressions of Bax and cytoplasmic cytochrome c in rats lung tissues after I/R. However, the aforementioned effects of kaempferol were significantly attenuated by the SIRT 1 inhibitor EX527 or the PGC-1α inhibitor SR-18292. What’s more, SR-18292 has not reversed the effect of kaempferol on increasing the protein activity of SIRT 1. Above results suggest that kaempferol ameliorates LIRI by improving mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Its molecular mechanism of action includes the SIRT 1/PGC-1α/mitochondria signaling pathway.

10.3389/fphar.2021.624402

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Citations (48)

Therapeutic Effects of (5R)-5-Hydroxytriptolide on Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis via lncRNA WAKMAR2/miR-4478/E2F1/p53 Axis

Frontiers in Immunology (2021)

Xinpeng Zhou Duoli Xie Jie Huang Aiping Lü Rongsheng Wang

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) serve a major role in synovial hyperplasia and inflammation in RA. (5R)-5-hydroxytriptolide (LLDT-8), a novel triptolide derivative, shows promising therapeutic effects for RA and is now in phase II clinical trials in China. However, the underlying mechanism of LLDT-8 is still not fully understood. Here, we found that LLDT-8 inhibited proliferation and invasion of RA FLS, as well as the production of cytokines. Microarray data demonstrated that LLDT-8 upregulated the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) WAKMAR2, which was negatively associated with proliferation and invasion of RA FLS, as well as the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Knockdown of WAKMAR2 abolished the inhibitory effects of LLDT-8 on RA FLS. Mechanistically, WAKMAR2 sponged miR-4478, which targeted E2F1 and downstreamed p53 signaling. Rescue experiments indicated that the inhibitory effects of LLDT-8 on RA FLS were dependent on WAKMAR2/miR-4478/E2F1/p53 axis.

Triptolide

E2F1

10.3389/fimmu.2021.605616

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Citations (32)

Electrostatic Solitary Waves and Electron-beam Instabilities in the Separatrix Region of Magnetic Reconnection

The Astrophysical Journal (2022)

Cong Chang Kai Huang Quanming Lu San Lu Xiancai Yu

Abstract Using 2D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, the generation of electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) and the associated plasma waves in symmetric magnetic reconnection are studied, and multiple kinds of ESWs with different propagating speeds are identified. Near the current sheet in the outflow region, there are two kinds of ESWs propagating away from the X line: their propagating speeds are about 0.73 V Te0 and 1.2 V Te0 (where V Te0 is the initial electron thermal velocity), and their generation is associated with the Buneman instability and the electron two-stream instability, respectively. In the separatrix region, there is one kind of ESW propagating toward the X line with a propagating speed of about 1.2 V Te0 , which is formed during the nonlinear evolution of the electron two-stream instability. We also run a case with a guide field, and there exist two kinds of ESWs: the ESWs propagating away from the X line can be generated near the separatrices with electron outflow, while the ESWs propagating toward the X line can be generated near the separatrices with electron inflow. The two kinds of ESWs are associated with the electron two-stream instability and the Buneman instability, respectively.

Weibel instability

Outflow

Separatrix

Line (geometry)

10.3847/1538-4357/ac738d

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Citations (4)

Direct observation of turbulent magnetic reconnection in the solar wind

Nature Astronomy (2022)

Rongsheng Wang Shimou Wang Quanming Lu Xinmin Li San Lu

Nanoflares

Current sheet

10.1038/s41550-022-01818-5

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Citations (30)

Electrostatic and electromagnetic fluctuations detected inside magnetic flux ropes during magnetic reconnection

Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics (2016)

Rongsheng Wang Quanming Lu R. Nakamura Can Huang Xing Li

Abstract A series of magnetic flux ropes embedded in the ion diffusion region of a magnetotail magnetic reconnection event were investigated in this paper. Waves near the lower hybrid frequency were measured within each of the flux ropes and can be associated with the enhancements of energetic electrons in some of the flux ropes. The waves in the largest flux ropes were further explored in more detail. The electrostatic lower hybrid frequency range waves are detected at the edge, while electromagnetic lower hybrid frequency range waves are observed at the center of the flux rope. The electromagnetic waves are right‐hand polarized and propagated nearly perpendicular to magnetic field lines, with a wavelength of ion‐electron hybrid scale. The observations are analogous to simulations in which the electrostatic lower hybrid waves are confined to the edge of current sheet but can directly penetrate into the current sheet center in the form of the electromagnetic mode. The observations indicate that the electromagnetic lower hybrid frequency range waves can be excited inside magnetic flux ropes.

Current sheet

Lower hybrid oscillation

10.1002/2016ja022906

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Citations (16)

Large‐Scale Parallel Electric Field Colocated in an Extended Electron Diffusion Region During the Magnetosheath Magnetic Reconnection

Geophysical Research Letters (2021)

Shimou Wang Rongsheng Wang Quanming Lu C. T. Russell R. E. Ergun

Abstract In this study, we report observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission of large‐scale parallel electric fields in a magnetosheath reconnecting current sheet. The four MMS satellites successively crossed an electron jet embedded in a broad current sheet and detected a unipolar being colocated with the jet. The strong electron pressure anisotropy inside the broad current sheet suggests that the jet could be generated by the firehose instability. The observations show that the large‐amplitude can fill the entire electron diffusion region (EDR) in the magnetosheath reconnection and thus dominates electron acceleration therein, dramatically different from EDRs in the magnetotail and magnetopause where large‐amplitude unipolar was rarely detected. The appearance of this could be due to the strong guide field which is common in the magnetosheath.

Magnetosheath

Current sheet

Plasma sheet

Heliospheric current sheet

10.1029/2021gl094879

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Citations (17)