Nitrate addition was reported as the cost-effective method for remediating black-odorous water, which was induced by the deficiency of electron acceptors. However, the excessive release of nitrate and nitrite and lack of long-term effectiveness caused by directly dosing nitrate method significantly limited its application. Herein, we constructed a nitrate sustained-release ecoN-concrete, in which calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) was dosed in the concrete revetment, to remediate black-odorous water. Identically, chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, ammonia, phosphates, and sulfate were significantly removed after loading black-odorous water into an ecoN-concrete-contained reactor, and its removal efficiency was largely dependent on Ca(NO3)2 dosage. Meanwhile, the released nitrate was only accounted for 25% of the total dosage and nitrite was lower than 1.5 mg/L via 14 days cultivation. After three recycles, the removal efficiencies of COD and turbidity by ecoN-concrete were still higher than 85% indicating this concrete was good at nitrate sustainable release and controlling water re-blackening and re-stinking in suit. Further investigation illustrated that the ecoN-concrete (1) decreased the abundance of Desulfovibrio, Desulfomonile, and Desulforhabdus in the phylum of Desulfobacterota to alleviate the odorous gases production, (2) significantly increased the abundance of Bacillus and Thermomonas, which utilized the released-nitrate to consume organic matters and ammonia. This study provided an artful Ca(NO3)2 dosing strategy and long-term effective method for black-odorous water remediation.
In this study, a novel dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (D-μSPE) technique with H-ZSM-5 zeolite as an adsorbent was developed for the determination of 21 trace pesticides in tea beverages. The adsorption and desorption of H-ZSM-5 zeolites were investigated based on structural characteristics and adsorption properties similar to those of H-beta zeolites. In combination with the properties of the adsorbates, it was explained that the adsorption reaction occurred on the microporous surface and mesopores of H-ZSM-5. Based on optimal parameters, the beverage samples were extracted by 50 mg of zeolite within 1 min. The zeolite was eluted with 2 mL of an acetonitrile-water mixture after separation, and the eluent was filtered prior to HPLC-MS/MS analysis. The D-μSPE protocol demonstrated acceptable accuracy and precision, with recoveries between 62.1% and 106.6% and relative standard deviations of 1.4% to 12.6%, as validated by analytical reliability. The correlation coefficient in the linear range of 0.2–50 ng·mL−1 was greater than 0.98, with limits of detection of 0.05–0.1 ng·mL−1 and limits of quantification of 0.1–0.2 ng·mL−1. The matrix effects ranged from 76.2% to 112.7%. The results indicate that the novel D-μSPE technique based on H-ZSM-5 is a rapid, simple, green and economical method for the determination of pesticide residues in tea beverages. The proposed method achieved simultaneously low adsorbent dosage, 20-fold enrichment factor, rapid pre-concentration in 12 min, minimal organic wastes, and effective reduction of matrix interference.
Abstract Background Elevated remnant cholesterol (RC) is considered a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but whether this association applies to the Chinese population with hypertension has not been found. We aimed to explore the association between RC levels and carotid plaque in patients with hypertension. Methods 8523 hypertensive patients aged ≥ 60 years with serum lipids and carotid ultrasonography data were included in this community-based screening. Fasting RC was calculated as total cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). The associations of RC levels with carotid plaque risk were evaluated using Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models. Results Carotid plaque was screened in 4821 (56.6%) subjects. After multivariable-adjusted, RC was significantly related to carotid plaque [Odd ratio (OR)] = 1.043 per 0.1 mmol/L increase, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.031–1.056]. The highest versus lowest quartile of RC was 1.928 (1.673–2.223) for carotid plaque. A nonlinear association was found between serum RC levels and the risk of carotid plaque (P for nonlinearity < 0.001). Moreover, an RC > 0.78 mmol/L differentiated patients at a higher risk of carotid plaque compared to those at lower concentrations, regardless of whether LDLC was on target at 2.59 mmol/L. Conclusion In Chinese patients with hypertension, elevated RC was positively associated with carotid plaque, independent of LDLC and other conventional risk factors.
Objective: To explore the association of different obesity measurement indexes on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) in Chinese adult women. Methods: The data were obtained from baseline and follow-up surveys of the urban Breast Cancer Screening Program in Shuangliu District, Chengdu. A total of 441 adult women were included in the study. A questionnaire survey, physical examination, and laboratory testing were conducted on the subjects. Multivariate logistic regression model, two-level mixed effects logistic regression model, and restricted cubic spline method were used to investigate the linear and nonlinear correlation between different obesity measurement indexes and serum CRP in adult women. Results: For every 1 unit increase in BMI, waist circumference (WC), and adiposity, the risk of elevated serum CRP or exacerbation of chronic low-grade inflammation in adult women increased by 16.5%, 5.0%, and 11.1% (P<0.05), respectively. Both BMI and adiposity were nonlinear correlated with serum CRP. Using BMI=24.0 kg/m2 as the reference point, serum CRP level increased with the increase of BMI when BMI >24.0 kg/m2. Using adiposity=30% as the reference point, serum CRP level increased with the increase of adiposity when adiposity >30%. Conclusions: Overall, obesity reflected by BMI had the strongest association with serum CRP in adult women, followed by body fat content reflected by adiposity, and central obesity reflected by WC had the weakest association with CRP. Adult women with BMI >24.0 kg/m2 or adiposity >30% are at high risk for obesity-related inflammatory manifestations.目的： 探讨不同的肥胖测量指标对中国成年女性血清C反应蛋白（CRP）的关联。 方法： 数据来源于成都市双流区城镇乳腺癌筛查项目基线调查及随访调查，共纳入441名成年女性。对研究对象开展问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。采用多因素logistic回归模型、两水平线性混合效应模型和限制性立方样条模型探讨不同肥胖测量指标与成年女性血清CRP的线性和非线性关联。 结果： BMI、腰围和体脂率每增加1个单位，成年女性血清CRP升高即慢性低度炎症状态加重的风险分别增加16.5%、5.0%和11.1%（P<0.05）。BMI和体脂率与血清CRP之间存在非线性关联，以BMI=24.0 kg/m2为参考点，当BMI>24.0 kg/m2时，血清CRP水平随BMI的增加而增加；以体脂率=30%为参考点，当体脂率>30%时，血清CRP水平随体脂率的增加而增加。 结论： BMI反映的整体肥胖与成年女性血清CRP关联最强，体脂率反映的体脂含量与血清CRP关联强度次之，腰围反映的中心性肥胖与血清CRP关联相对最弱。BMI>24.0 kg/m2和体脂率>30%的成年女性是产生肥胖相关炎性表现的高危险人群。.
The critique of labor, division and machinery is the critique of civil society. In his youth, Marx aimed to surpass civil society both in theory and practice.
Large-sized, crack-free silica monoliths with highly ordered mesostructure are prepared by a fast and easy way via liquid-paraffin-medium protected solvent evaporation. By employing the inert liquid paraffin as the morphology "protector", cracks of the materials can be successfully avoided and the processing time can be reduced to 8 h. The block copolymer−silica composite monoliths are transparent and crack-free with a large size. The mesoporous silica monoliths have been characterized by small-angle powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen adsorption, which show that the materials have a highly ordered hexagonal mesostructure of space group p6mm and narrow pore size distribution, with a mean pore diameter of 5.65 nm. In addition, metal ions can be easily doped into the monoliths, indicating potential optical, electronic, magnetic, and catalytic properties. This fast synthetic method is valuable for the applications of mesostructured silica monoliths in optics and separation.
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