Objective To understand the rural and urban women of childbearing age in Huainan City,Hepatitis B vaccination and hepatitis B prevention awareness,investigate the immune status of hepatitis B virus,hepatitis B prevention for women of childbearing age provide a reference.Methods The vaccine for hepatitis B and hepatitis B prevention and treatment of cognitive level of the survey and testing were surveyed in serum markers of hepatitis B,statistics of hepatitis B infection and immunity levels.Results The women of childbearing age with hepatitis B vaccine inoculation rate of 38.49 percent on average.Of hepatitis B prevention and control higher cognitive level,the higher rate of hepatitis B vaccination.An average of 6.29% positive rate of HBsAg,hepatitis B vaccine in vaccinated than unvaccinated HBsAg-positive hepatitis B vaccine (2.51% vs8.66%),the difference was significant P0.05.HBsAb positive rate of 46.73%.Hepatitis B vaccination rate and HBsAb positive rate was positively correlated.HBsAb hepatitis B vaccine in vaccinated than unvaccinated positive for hepatitis B vaccine (77.67%%vs27.36%),the difference was significant P0.05,with 22.32 percent had been vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine were HBsAb negative.Conclusion The city women of childbearing age the rate of hepatitis B immune protection is not high,are more susceptible to hepatitis B epidemic prevention work is far from the intended purpose.Expand the implementation of the hepatitis B vaccine immunization programs,to develop a more comprehensive prevention strategy HBV vaccine is imperative.