Anwar T. Merchant

University of South Carolina

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Trends

Author Order

Document Type

Co-Authors

Susan E. Steck

University of South Carolina

Angela D. Liese

University of South Carolina

Jiajia Zhang

University of South Carolina

Salim S. Virani

Baylor College of Medicine

Waranuch Pitiphat

Khon Kaen University

Matthew C. Lohman

University of South Carolina

Yong‐Moon Park

Winthrop Rockefeller Foundation

Elizabeth J. Mayer‐Davis

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Lawrence M. Dolan

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

Mahshid Dehghan

McMaster University

Cooperative Institutions

McMaster University

142

University of South Carolina

140

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

139

Population Health Research Institute

130

Harvard University

109

University of Colorado Denver

University of Washington

Hamilton Health Sciences

Wake Forest University

John Wiley & Sons (United States)

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Field

Intake of n−6 and n−3 fatty acids and fish and risk of community-acquired pneumonia in US men

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2005)

Anwar T. Merchant Gary C. Curhan Eric B. Rimm Walter C. Willett Wafaie Fawzi

Lower risk

Stroke

10.1093/ajcn/82.3.668

Cite

Citations (36)

Commentary: Insights from cross-population studies: Rose revisited

International Journal of Epidemiology (2005)

Anwar T. Merchant Sonia S. Anand Salim Yusuf

Rose (mathematics)

10.1093/ije/dyh330

Cite

Citations (1)

Data from Dietary Advanced Glycation End-products (AGE) and Risk of Breast Cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO)

Omonefe O. Omofuma David P. J. Turner Lindsay L. Peterson Anwar T. Merchant Jiajia Zhang

<div>AbstractAdvanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases including cancer. AGEs are produced endogenously but can also be consumed from foods. AGE formation in food is accelerated during cooking at high temperatures. Certain high fat or highly processed foods have high AGE values. The objective of the study was to assign and quantify Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML)-AGE content in food and investigate the association between dietary AGE intake and breast cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. The study included women enrolled in the intervention arm who were cancer-free at baseline and completed a baseline questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire (DQX). CML-AGE values were assigned and quantified to foods in the DQX using a published AGE database. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of breast cancer among all women, and stratified by race/ethnicity, invasiveness of disease, and hormone receptor status. After a median 11.5 years of follow-up, 1,592 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Higher CML-AGE intake was associated with increased risk of breast cancer among all women (HRQ5VSQ1, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.04–1.62; Ptrend = 0.04) and in non-Hispanic white women (HRT3VST1, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.02–1.44). Increased CML-AGE intake was associated with increased risk of in situ (HRT3VST1, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.11–2.01) and hormone receptor–positive (HRT3VST1, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.01–1.53) breast cancers. In conclusion, high intake of dietary AGE may contribute to increased breast cancer.</div>

10.1158/1940-6207.c.6547568

Cite

Citations (0)

Current smoking is strongly associated with severe periodontitis

Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice (2003)

Anwar T. Merchant

Cross-sectional study

10.1016/j.jebdp.2003.09.005

Cite

Citations (2)

Dietary Advanced Glycation End-products (AGE) and Risk of Breast Cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO)

Cancer Prevention Research (2020)

Omonefe O. Omofuma David P. Turner Lindsay L. Peterson Anwar T. Merchant Jiajia Zhang

Abstract Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases including cancer. AGEs are produced endogenously but can also be consumed from foods. AGE formation in food is accelerated during cooking at high temperatures. Certain high fat or highly processed foods have high AGE values. The objective of the study was to assign and quantify Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML)-AGE content in food and investigate the association between dietary AGE intake and breast cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. The study included women enrolled in the intervention arm who were cancer-free at baseline and completed a baseline questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire (DQX). CML-AGE values were assigned and quantified to foods in the DQX using a published AGE database. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of breast cancer among all women, and stratified by race/ethnicity, invasiveness of disease, and hormone receptor status. After a median 11.5 years of follow-up, 1,592 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Higher CML-AGE intake was associated with increased risk of breast cancer among all women (HRQ5VSQ1, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.04–1.62; Ptrend = 0.04) and in non-Hispanic white women (HRT3VST1, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.02–1.44). Increased CML-AGE intake was associated with increased risk of in situ (HRT3VST1, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.11–2.01) and hormone receptor–positive (HRT3VST1, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.01–1.53) breast cancers. In conclusion, high intake of dietary AGE may contribute to increased breast cancer.

10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0457

Cite

Citations (35)

The Association Between Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Peripheral Arterial Disease

Epidemiology (2003)

Hsin-Chia Hung Anwar T. Merchant Walter C. Willett Alberto Ascherio Bernard Rosner

High fruit and vegetable consumption has been associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases, but few studies have focused on peripheral arterial disease. In this study, we evaluated the association of consumption of fruits and vegetables with peripheral arterial disease.In a cohort of 44,059 men initially free of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, we documented 295 cases of peripheral arterial disease during a 12-year follow-up. Fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed by food frequency questionnaire.In the age-adjusted model, men in the highest quintile had a relative risk of 0.55 (95% confidence interval = 0.38-0.80) for overall fruit and vegetable intake, 0.52 (0.36-0.77) for fruit intake, and 0.54 (0.36-0.81) for vegetable intake, compared with those in the lowest quintile of intake. However, the associations were greatly weakened after adjustment for smoking and other traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Comparing men in the highest quintile versus the lowest quintile, relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were 0.95 (0.62-1.44) for overall fruit and vegetable intake, 0.97 (0.64-1.48) for fruit intake, and 0.76 (0.50-1.17) for vegetable intake.We did not find evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption protects against peripheral arterial disease, although a modest benefit cannot be excluded.

Lower risk

10.1097/01.ede.0000086882.59112.9d

Cite

Citations (46)

Abstract 89: Accuracy and Clinical Implications of Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale and Los Angeles Pre-hospital Stroke Scale use by Emergency Medical Services

Stroke (2015)

Tushar Trivedi Khosrow Heidari Anwar T. Merchant E.C. Jauch Swamy Venkatesh

Background: Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) and Los Angeles Pre-hospital Stroke Scale (LAPSS) are widely used by emergency medical services (EMS) to screen potential ischemic stroke patients. We performed a population based state-wide study to evaluate the accuracy of CPSS and LAPSS in identifying stroke cases and investigate their impact on ischemic stroke treatment. Methods: A statewide EMS database was created by linking South Carolina’s statewide Emergency Department (ED) and hospital discharge records for the calendar years 2010-2012. The EMS data were obtained from the Division of EMS and Trauma at Department of Health Environmental Control and linked to hospitalization records at Office of Research and Statistics. Results from the EMS use of CPSS and LAPSS were compared with hospital discharge diagnoses for stroke. For both scales, we calculated Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), and Negative Predictive Value (NPV). Additionally we evaluated the impact of identification of stroke during EMS transportation by CPSS/LAPSS on treatment of ischemic stroke with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA). Results: Of all the EMS transported cases between January 2010 and December 2012, use of CPSS or LAPSS was recorded for 101,442 cases. Among the cases where the use of CPSS/LAPSS stroke scale was recorded, 6,757 cases had a diagnosis of ischemic stroke on hospital discharge records. CPSS demonstrated sensitivity of 59%, and specificity of 96%. Sensitivity and specificity for LAPSS were 26% and 84%, respectively. PPV and NPV for CPSS were 45% and 98%, and for LAPSS were 27% and 83%, respectively. Rates of IV-tPA administration were approximately five times higher for those correctly identified by CPSS (18.3% for true positive vs. 3.5% for false negative, P<0.01), and about two higher for those correctly identified by LAPSS (33.3% for true positive vs. 14.9% for false negative, P<0.01). Conclusion: Early identification of potential stroke cases using CPSS/LAPSS can have a significant impact on treatment of ischemic stroke with IV-tPA. We report a modest accuracy of CPSS and LAPSS in correctly identifying stroke cases in the field, with CPSS leading to a better rate of IV-tPA use compared with LAPSS.

Stroke

Medical record

Acute stroke

Hospital discharge

10.1161/str.46.suppl_1.89

Cite

Citations (1)

Association of dietary patterns and dietary diversity with cardiometabolic disease risk factors among adults in South Asia: The CARRS study.

PubMed (2018)

Deksha Kapoor Romaina Iqbal Kalpana Singh Lindsay M. Jaacks Roopa Shivashankar

To investigate the association of dietary patterns and dietary diversity with cardiometabolic disease risk factors among South Asians.In a population based study conducted in 2010-11, we recruited 16,287 adults aged >20 years residing in Delhi, Chennai, and Karachi. Diet was assessed using an interviewer-administered 26-item food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis identified three dietary patterns: Prudent, Indian, and Non-Vegetarian. We also computed a dietary diversity score. Multinomial and binary logistic regressions were used to calculate adjusted prevalence (95% confidence intervals) of cardio-metabolic disease risk factors across quartiles of dietary pattern and dietary diversity scores.The adjusted prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was lower among participants in the highest versus lowest quartile of the Prudent Pattern (4.7% [3.8-5.6] versus 10.3% [8.5-12.0]), and the Indian Pattern (4.8% [3.7-5.9] versus 8.7% [6.7-10.6] in highest versus lowest quartile, respectively). Participants following the Indian Pattern also had lower adjusted prevalence of diagnosed hypertension (7.0% [5.4-8.5] versus 10.6% [8.6-12.5] in highest versus lowest quartile, respectively). Participants in the highest versus lowest quartile of the dietary diversity score had a lower adjusted prevalence of diagnosed diabetes (4.1% [3.0-5.2] versus 8.2% [7.1-9.3]), diagnosed hypertension (6.7% [5.3-8.1] versus 10.3% [9.1-11.5]), and undiagnosed hypertension (14.2% [12.0-16.4] versus 18.5% [16.9-20.1]).High dietary diversity appears to be protective against cardio-metabolic disease risk factors in this urban cohort of South Asian adults. Further investigation to understand the underlying mechanism of this observation is warranted.

Quartile

Dietary Diversity

Refined grains

10.6133/apjcn.201811_27(6).0021

Cite

Citations (20)

Alcohol Consumption Increases Periodontitis Risk

Journal of Dental Research (2003)

Waranuch Pitiphat Anwar T. Merchant Eric B. Rimm Kaumudi Joshipura

Alcohol consumption impairs neutrophil, macrophage, and T-cell functions, increasing the likelihood of infections. We examined the association between alcohol consumption and periodontitis, prospectively, among 39,461 male health professionals aged 40 to 75 years and free of periodontitis at the start of follow-up. Alcohol intake was assessed at baseline and updated every 4 years by a food-frequency questionnaire. Periodontal disease status was self-reported and validated against radiographs. Multivariate analysis was adjusted for age, smoking, diabetes, body-mass index, physical activity, time period, and caloric intake. During 406,160 person-years of follow-up, there were 2125 cases of periodontitis. Compared with non-drinkers, the relative risk (95% confidence interval) among men reporting usual alcohol intake of 0.1-4.9 g/day was 1.24 (1.09, 1.42); 5.0 to 14.9 g/day, 1.18 (1.04, 1.35); 15 to 29.9 g/day, 1.18 (1.01, 1.38); and > 30 g/day, 1.27 (1.08, 1.49). The results suggest that alcohol consumption is an independent modifiable risk factor for periodontitis.

Alcohol intake

10.1177/154405910308200704

Cite

Citations (144)

Disentangling and Quantifying Mechanisms of Increased Fall Risk Among Older Adults With Depression

Innovation in Aging (2020)

Matthew C. Lohman Nicholas Resciniti Anwar T. Merchant

Abstract Background: Older adults with depression are up to four times more likely to fall, yet the mechanisms by which depression increases fall risk are unclear. This study sought to quantify and compare the relative strength of selected mechanisms mediating the association between depression and falls. Methods: We used longitudinal linked data (2006 – 2010) from the Health and Retirement Study and Prescription Drug Study. The analytic sample included non-institutionalized adults age > 65 with data on physical functioning and medication use (n=3,565). Falls and injurious falls over the past two years were self-reported outcomes. Depression was measured using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). We used causal mediation analysis to estimate the total and direct associations between depression and falls and compared strength of three potential mediating mechanisms – frailty, cognition, and antidepressant (AD) use. Results: Of 190 participants reporting depression in 2006, 85 (44.7%) fell and 30 (15.8%) were injured from a fall between 2008 and 2010. Depressed individuals were 92% more likely to fall compared to non-depressed (OR=1.92, p<.01). We found significant indirect effects of AD use (indirect OR=1.17, p<.01) and frailty (OR=1.12, p=.013) representing 19% and 13% of the total effect of depression on falls, respectively. Cognition was not a significant mediator. Results were similar for falls leading to injury. Discussion: Results suggest that AD use and frailty explain a significant portion of the elevated risk for falls among depressed individuals. Identification of these and other mechanisms may inform clinical treatment decisions for older adults with depression.

Depression

Late life depression

Longitudinal Study

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.852

Cite

Citations (0)