Purpose. Study of the effect of lecithin-containing feed additive on the economic and biological qualities of laying hens. Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted at Krestyansky Dvor LLC (Danilovka, Volgograd Region). The objects of the study were 375 32-week-old laying hens (Hysex Brown cross) and the new feed additive Lecitomaks. Three groups were formed (125 laying hens in each). The first group (control) received the main diet. The poultry of the second group were given the feed additive Lecitomaks daily together with compound feed at a rate of 250 g/t of feed, and the third group – at a rate of 500 g/t of feed, respectively. The experiment lasted 60 days. The poultry were weighed on the first day and then on the 30th and 60th days (10 individuals from each group). The digestibility coefficients of feed nutrients were determined according to the method of E.A. Petukhova and V.A. Alikaev (1982); hematological parameters of the experimental bird were measured using URIT 800 Vet and URIT 3020 Vet analyzers (China). Variation statistics methods and the Statistica 10.0 program were used to process the results obtained. Results. No significant differences in the weight of the birds between the control and experimental groups of laying hens were noted during control weighings during the experiment. According to the balance experiment data, when the feed additive "Lecitomaks" was included in the diet of laying hens, the digestibility of dry matter in experimental groups 1 and 2, compared to the control group, was higher by 0.9 and 2.9%, organic matter – by 3.1 and 4.4% (P≤0.05), crude protein – by 1.2 and 1.9%, crude fat – by 2.1 and 3.0% (P≤0.05), crude fiber – by 6.6 and 12.8% (P≤0.01), nitrogen-free extractive substances – by 1.3 and 3.0%. Egg productivity of laying hens for 1-60 days in experimental groups 1 and 2 was higher than in the control group by 3.0 and 5.2%, safety of poultry by 2.4 and 3.2%. No side effects were observed when using the feed additive "Lecitomaks" in poultry. Conclusion. The use of new feed additive, the composition of which is based on lecithin, has a positive effect on the economic and biological characteristics of laying hens.
Purpose. Work out ways to realize the genetic potential of breeds and crosses of poultry of meat and egg directions of productivity based on the use of new types of feed products, taking into account the analysis of the dynamics of the microbiome at the level of taxonomic types of microorganisms. Materials and Methods. Studies on the inclusion of prebiotic feed additive "Laktuvet" and mineral feed additive "Saponit" were conducted in the conditions of the SS "Svetly" of the CJSC "Agrofirma "Vostok" of the Volgograd Region on "Hysex Brown" cross laying hens. Scientific experiment on the effect of the additive "Quercetinolact" on the growth and development of meat chickens was conducted on broilers of "Ross-308" cross in the vivarium of VRIMMP. Zootechnical, clinical and biochemical research methods were used in the research work. Hematological studies were carried out in certified laboratory on automatic biochemical analyzers using an appropriate set of biochemical reagents. The obtained results were processed using software, calculating the mean value (M), standard errors of the mean (±SEM) and determining the reliability criterion of difference according to Student-Fisher. Results. Adding the prebiotic feed additive "Laktuvet" to the feed of laying hens in an amount of 0.5% in the diet structure contributed to an increase in the gross collection of eggs and the intensity of egg laying by 1.84 (85 eggs) and 1.74%, egg weight – by 1.17 g (1.86%; P≤0.001) due to an increase in the number of microorganisms by 22.9%. Among them, the number of bacteria of Actinobacteria, Lactobacillales and Ruminococcaceae groups increased by 9.0; 1.8 and 1.4 times compared to the control, respectively. Taking into account the data obtained, new feed additive “Quercetinolact” was tested in feeding broiler chickens of Ross-308 cross. Chickens that received Quercetinolact additive exceeded their counterparts in control group in live weight by 4.13 (P≤0.001); 5.19 (P≤0.001) and 5.48% (P≤0.001), which in absolute terms amounted to 108.1; 136.1 and 142.8 g. In terms of meat yield in live weight, the superiority amounted to 3.07; 3.65 and 3.82%, respectively, feed savings per 1 kg of gain 3.66; 6.10 and 6.71%. Mineral feed additive "Saponit" in feeding laying hens in the amount of 1 and 3 kg per ton of feed contributed to an increase in egg productivity by 1.58 and 2.37%, respectively, egg laying intensity – by 1.20 and 2.01%, and gross yield eggs – 90 (1.18%) and 150 pcs. (1.97%), egg weight – by 1.16 and 1.49%. Conclusion. The use of natural mineral complexes and prebiotic feed additives in the diets of chickens of egg and meat breeds and crosses in order to realize the genetic potential and taking into account the analysis of microbiome dynamics at the level of taxonomic types of microorganisms is advisable.
The authors examine the structure and principles of the defense spending for research and development in the U.S., as well as the main agencies and contractors involved. The article offers specific cases to illustrate the role of key players of the U.S. budgetary process, the U.S. President, Congress, Department of Defense, and their relations with the scientific community. Spending in this area is organized as a three-level structure, which includes development of new weapons systems, creation of military platforms and systemic integration of the armed forces. One of the most noteworthy participants on the weapons development level is the Defense advanced research projects agency (DARPA), which provides support for R&D projects able to facilitate technological breakthroughs and provide results applicable by the armed forces. The emphasis of the article is on the participation of the private sector on all levels of the defense spending and especially in the systemic integration. At this level even formulating the request becomes a highly challenging task, which demands involvement of the most highly qualified specialists and organizations. The authors analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the wide participation of commercial enterprises and provide cases illustrating possible conflicts between government and private actors and ways of their resolution.
Purpose. To establish the effectiveness of the impact of the new mineral additive "Ostoferol-calcium" on the clinical condition and safety of the livestock, the dynamics of live weight, meat productivity indicators, hematological and biochemical blood parameters of broiler chickens. Materials and Methods. The studies were carried out on broiler chickens of the Ross 308 cross in the conditions of Udmurt Poultry Farm LLC in the Republic of Udmurtia of the Russian Federation. Using the principle of analogues, three groups of day-old chickens of 100 heads each were formed, the experiment was carried out from 1 to 42 days (before slaughter). When carrying out research work, zootechnical, clinical and biochemical research methods were used. Hematological studies were performed in a certified laboratory on automatic biochemical analyzers using an appropriate set of biochemical reagents. The obtained results were processed using software, calculating the mean value (M), standard errors of the mean (±SEM) and determining the significance test of the difference according to Student-Fisher. Results. The content of calcium, magnesium, vitamin D in the blood of birds in the experimental groups was higher: calcium – by 1.16 (34.2%; P≤0.001) and 1.19 mmol / l (34.8%; P≤0.001), mag-nesium – by 0.15 (13.9%; P≤0.05) and 0.17 mmol / l (15.5%; P≤0.01) and vitamin D – by 4.2 (29.8%; P≤0 .01) and 4.3 ng / ml (30.8%; P≤0.01) in comparison with control analogues. By the end of the study, the difference between the chickens of experimental groups I and II and the control counterparts in favor of the experimental groups became significant: in live weight before slaughter – by 233.4 (8.2%; P≤0.001) and 274.5 g (9.8%; P≤0.001). P≤0.001); average daily increase – by 5.9 (9.2%; P≤0.001) and 6.8 g (10.6%; P≤0.001) and absolute increase – by 132.1 (4.9%; P≤0.05) and 173.4 g (6.4%; P≤0.01). Conclusion. These studies indicate a reliable positive effect of the new mineral additive “Ostoferol-calcium” on the clinical condition, livestock safety, live weight dynamics, meat productivity indica-tors, hematological and biochemical parameters of the poultry body. The mineral supplement con-tributed to its enrichment with biologically significant chemical elements, vitamin D, as a result of which redox and metabolic processes were activated, and meat productivity increased. It was con-cluded that it is advisable to use the above-mentioned feed additive in an amount of 1 to 2 liters per 1000 liters of water for feeding broiler chickens on the 6th and 14th days of life.
Purpose. Determination of the period of elimination of residual amounts of florfenicol and its metabolites in the form of florfenicolamine from the organs and tissues of pigs after the use of the veterinary drug "Floriprem 40". Materials and Methods. The study of the period of elimination of residual amounts of the active substance of the drug was carried out on the basis of a pig-breeding complex in the Kaluga region. For research work, 21 animals (20 experimental, 1 control) were used at the age of 86 days with a body weight of 44-49 kg. The drug was given to piglets during 7 days in a group method in a mixture with compound feed at a dose of 5 kg of the drug per 1 ton of feed. The slaughter of animals (5 animals per term) was carried out 8, 12, 14, 16 days after the last administration of the drug. Samples of muscle tissue (right thigh), liver, kidneys and skin with subcutaneous and fatty cellulose were collected from each animal in individual bags. The content of florfenicol and its metabolites in the form of florfenicolamine in extracts of samples of organs and tissues of piglets was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography; residual amounts of florfenicol in organs and tissues of animals were determined using acid hydrolysis. The study was carried out using a Shimadzu LCMS-8050 chromatography-mass spectrometry system (Japan). Data analysis and processing were carried out using the Shimadzu LabSolutions software package (Realtime Analysis, Postrun Analysis, Quant Browser) v.5.99 SP2 (Japan). Results. The results of a study of the dynamics of excretion of residual amounts of florfenicol and its metabolites from organs and tissues of pigs showed that florfenicolamine accumulates mainly in the liver and kidneys; insignificant levels of florfenicolamine were found in the muscles of pigs. The data obtained indicate a high degree of adsorption of the active substance of the test drug into the organs and tissues of pigs and a long-term presence in the body. Florfenicol and its metabolites were not detected in skin tissues with subcutaneous fat of pigs. An assessment of the elimination time of florfenicol and its metabolites from the body of pigs, carried out using the WT1.4 program, showed that the elimination period of the active substance is: in the muscles – 5 days, in the liver – 14 days, in the kidneys – 10 days. Conclusion. Consumption of animal products obtained after a course of oral administration of the drug "Floriprem 40" in pigs does not pose a danger to human health 14 days after the end of the drug.
Purpose. Study of the influence of new feed additives on the main production indicators of laying hens of the "Hisex Brown" cross, the morphological and biochemical composition of blood, the safety of the test poultry population under conditions of high summer temperatures in the south of the Lower Volga region, as well as substantiation of the feasibility of using the tested preparations in industrial poultry farming of the egg direction. Materials and Methods. The object of the study were laying hens of the Hisex Brown cross and feed additives. The studies were carried out on three groups of laying hens of 100 heads in each group. The bird of the control group received standard food and plain water for drinking, the bird of experimental group 1 received the feed additive “Yantarnyj holodok” orally with drinking water, at a dose of 0.8 liters per 1000 liters of water, the bird of experimental group 2 received the optimal dose of “Glimalask-Lact” in an amount of 0.5% by weight of the feed. The feed and water consumption of the test laying hens was determined daily by groups by weighing and measuring the feeds and their remains and the water drunk by the hens during the entire period of the experiment. Egg production per 1 laying hen was calculated as the ratio of the number of eggs laid per month to the number of birds in each group. The content of carotenoids in the egg yolk was determined spectrophotometrically, and vitamins A and E were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The biochemical parameters of the blood serum of the laying hens were determined using URIT 800 Vet and URIT 3020 Vet analyzers (China). Results. In the experimental groups, significantly more eggs were obtained per 30 days per laying hen: in the 1 experimental group – by 4.18% (P≤0.05), in the 2nd – by 5.17% (P≤0.05), when compared with the control. The digestibility coefficients of feed nutrients in both experimental groups were higher than in the control: organic matter – by 1.26 (P≤0.001) and 1.54% (P≤0.001), crude protein – by 1.54 (P≤0.05) and 1.68% (P≤0.05), calcium – by 2.99 (P≤0.01) and 3.21% (P≤0.01), respectively. The quality of the egg shells of chickens of the first experimental group that consumed the feed additive “Yantarnyj holodok” with water and the chickens of the second experimental group that consumed the test additive “Glimalask-Lact” with food exceeded the quality of the shells of the control group by 3.31% in the 1st experimental group and by 3.55% in the 2nd experimental group. Similarly, the egg fertility of hens of experimental group 1 is 1.84% (P≤0.05) and hens of experimental group 2 is 2.24% (P≤0.05) higher than the control analogue, respectively. The content of carotenoids in the yolk of the eggs of laying hens of the experimental groups was higher in comparison with the similar indicator of the control by 3.0 (P≤0.01) and 5.3% (P≤0.01), vitamin A – by 3.5 (P≤0.05) and 4.7% (P≤0.05), vitamin E – by 1.7 (P≤0.05) and 2.7% (P≤0.05). A decrease in the level of globulins in the blood serum of laying hens of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups relative to the control level by 2.5 (P≤0.05) and 2.6% (P≤0.05) indicates the absence of signs of inflammatory processes in the body of the experimental poultry. Conclusion. Addition of the tested additives to feed and water created the effect of acidifying water in the 1st experimental group and the effect of acidifying feed in the 2nd experimental group, which made it possible to reduce physiological load on the body from exposure to high temperatures, improve feed consumption, digestibility of calcium, phosphorus and vitamins, maintain the level of egg productivity of the cross and the quality of hatching egg, and stimulate immunity.
Today, in the context of increasing demand for high quality agricultural products, it is very important to increase the productivity of poultry through the use of environmentally friendly feed products. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of active coal feed additive (AUCD) when applied in a dosage of 0.1% by weight of compound feed on gains in live weight and basic biochemical parameters of blood serum of broiler chickens of the Cobb-500 cross. (corrected some inaccuracy in the wording) AUKD was first used for feeding broiler chickens of the "Cobb-500" cross in the Krasnodar Territory in the summer. Setting up and conducting the experiment was carried out according to the methodology of scientific and industrial research on feeding poultry. The live weight of broiler chickens that consumed 0.1% of active coal feed additive by weight of compound feed significantly increased by 4.2% (p <0.01). As a result of the study, it was found that feeding AUCD to broiler chickens does not have a negative effect on the biochemical composition of blood serum.
Efficacy of the injective anthelmintic drug Ritril produced on the base of Ricobendazole and Triclabendazole used in treatment of different types of helminthosis in cattle has been studied. It was determined that Ritril has a high anthelmintic efficacy when administered at a dose of 0,8 ml/10 kg of body weight. The drug shown a 100% efficacy in treatment of dictyocaulosis and strongylatosis of gastrointestinal tract. Fasciola spp. and Trichocephala spp. were more resistant to the effect of Ritril. Therefore it is recommended to use the drug at a higher dose 1,6 ml/10 kg of body weight.
Purpose. Study the effectiveness of using Lecitomix feed additive in feeding broiler chickens throughout the entire technological cycle of keeping. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on day-old broiler chickens of both sexes of Cobb-500 cross in the conditions of poultry farming in the Volgograd region. The duration of the experiment was 42 days. Experimental chickens in the amount of 387 heads were divided into 2 experimental and 1 control groups. In each of the experimental groups, Lecitomix feed additive was fed to the chickens as part of the feed mixture daily: 250 g (experimental group 1) and 500 g (experimental group 2) per 1 ton of feed. The poultry in the control group received feed that did not contain the studied feed additive. Weighing (10 animals from each experimental group) was carried out on the first day, on 21 and 42 days in order to assess the dynamics of broiler chickens live weight. Blood sampling was carried out on 42nd day of the experiment and its clinical and biochemical analysis was carried out to monitor physiological state of the experimental poultry. Generally accepted methods of zootechnical, morphological, biochemical, mathematical analysis and corresponding laboratory equipment, including URIT-3020 Vet Plus and URIT-800 Vet analyzers (China), were used in setting up the experiment and conducting scientific research. Results. Chickens of 1st and 2nd experimental groups exceeded poultry of control group for the entire experimental period in terms of average daily and absolute gains of live weight by 2.5 and 2.8%; amount of hemoglobin in the blood – by 4.0 (P≤0.05) and 4.4% (P≤0.05), erythrocytes – by 8.3 (P≤0.05) and 9.9% (P≤0.05); safety of poultry population – by 2.4 and 3.1%; digestibility of dry matter – by 1.7 and 2.9% (Р≤0.05), organic matter – by 3.1 (Р≤0.05) and 4.7% (Р≤0.001), crude protein – by 3.1 (Р≤0.001) and 5.0% (Р≤0.001), crude fat – by 2.6 (Р≤0.01) and 4,4% (Р≤0.001), crude fiber – by 12.0 (Р≤0.001) and 14.8% (Р≤0.001), nitrogen-free extractives – by 1.2 and 2.1%. Pecking incidents in experimental groups 1 and 2 of experimental broilers were lower than control chickens by 1.5 and 2.3%. Conclusion. The feasibility of using Lecitomix feed additive in industrial poultry farming to normalize metabolism, increase digestibility of diet nutrients, increase live weight and safety of broiler chickens has been confirmed.
'%3e%3ccircle r='20' fill='%23008'/%3e%3ccircle r='17.5' fill='%23fff'/%3e%3ccircle r='3.5' fill='%23008'/%3e%3cg id='d'%3e%3cg id='c'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cg id='a' fill='%23008'%3e%3ccircle r='.875' transform='rotate(7.5 -8.75 133.5)'/%3e%3cpath d='M0 17.5.6 7 0 2l-.6 5L0 17.5z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(15)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b' transform='rotate(30)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23c' transform='rotate(60)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(120)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(-120)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)