This paper presents a feasibility study of printed capsule antennas for medication compliance monitoring. During clinical trials, it is important to know with certainty a patient's compliance to a medication regimen, because without it, the results cannot be interpreted accurately. Small antennas printed directly onto the surface of standard capsule can potentially serve as a cost-effective method of validating medication compliance via electronic detection of a swallowed pill in the digestive tract. In this paper, we investigate various aspects of these "electronics pills," including printing methods, conductive inks and radiation characteristics of electrically small antennas inside the human body. We employ realistic antenna models and electromagnetic simulations based on the finite difference time domain method to determine the radiated field intensities for sources in the body. Phantoms solutions with electrical properties that are approximately equivalent to biological tissue are used to experimentally validate simulated results and characterize signal attenuation of electrically small radiation sources in the human torso.

Torso

10.1109/biocas.2007.4463304

Cite

Citations (1)

134 An Advanced Wound Dressing with Superabsorbent, Microbicidal, and Hemostatic Properties

Wound Repair and Regeneration (2008)

Bernd Liesenfeld B. Toreki Christopher Batich G. Olderman Gregory S. Schultz

Bacterial growth within extended use wound dressings remains a problem. We have developed a superabsorbent, microbicidal dressing based on the permanent attachment of a cationic polymer (the quaternary ammonium compound diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, DADMAC) onto a range of physical substrates. Treated gauze (Sof-Wick™) absorbed 50x its weight in saline and reduced bacterial, viral and fungal growth by six logs in vitro (AATCC method 100), with no zone of inhibition or extractables, as shown in Figure 1 below. Bacterial kill occurs within minutes, and remains effective in 10% serum. Good hemostatic properties were demonstrated for treated gauze wound dressing using both a rat liver laceration model, and a renal artery transection model, showing equivalent efficacy to approved haemorrhage control dressings (Avitene, Surgicel, and Gel Foam) that do not claim microbicidal activity. Treated gauze passed cytotoxicity testing using rabbit eye and skin tests, as well as guinea pig dermal sensitization tests. Figure 1Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Gauze sponges inoculated with E. Coli and stained for bacterial presence. Left is control; right is NIMBUS treated. Note no zone of inhibition around treated gauze. Acknowledgment: This research was supported by QuickMed Technologies.

Occlusive dressing

Hemostatic Agent

Wound dressing

Bacterial growth

10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.130216al.x

Cite

Citations (1)

The ionization energies of bridged [14]annulenes and of dicyclohepta[cd, gh] pentalene

Helvetica Chimica Acta (1974)

Christopher Batich E. Heilbronner Emanuel Vogel

Abstract The ionization energies J J , of 1,6;8,13‐alkanediylidene‐[14]annulenes ( 2 to 5 ) and of dicyclohepta[ cd , gh ]pentalene ( 1 ) have been determined by photoelectron spectroscopy, using HeI radiation. The data are interpreted in terms of Koopmans ' theorem ( J J = −ε J ) on the basis of correlation diagrams and with the help of simple molecular orbital models. If the bridge is an ethane‐, propane‐ or butane‐diylidene group, the π‐orbital sequence, in descending order of orbital energies, is (in C 2v ): b 1 , b 2 , a 2 , a 1 . The sequence is due to a complicated and not uniquely definable interplay of inductive, conjugative and homoconjugative effects. A detailed analysis of these effects suggests that the effective angle of twist between two consecutive basis‐AOs 2p μ , 2p ν of the peripheral π‐system should be smaller than the twist angles θ μν determined by X‐ray analysis, i.e. that the pi;‐ribbon adjusts elastically and is no longer locally orthogonal to the σ‐frame. In the non‐alternant hydrocarbon 1 of symmetry D 2 h , the sequence is 2b 2g , 3b 1u , 2b 3g , 1a u , 2b 1u . The sequence 3b 1u above 2b 3g , i.e. the reverse of b 2 above a 1 in the bridged [14]annulenes, is explained as being due to the interaction of the semilocalized perimeter orbitals b 1u and b 3g with the bonding (π(B 1u ))and antibonding (π*(B 3g )) orbital of the central double bond. In 2 the replacement of the two latter orbitals by the Walsh ‐orbitals of the cyclopropane moiety leads to the sequence b 1 , b 2 , a 1 , a 2 . From the data observed for 1 to 5 and for 1,6‐methano‐[10]annulene [11], a crude estimate for the orbital energies of the hypothetical all ‐ cis D 10 h ‐[10]‐ and D 14 h ‐[14]annulenes can be derived.

Annulene

Pentalene

Antibonding molecular orbital

Natural bond orbital

Molecular orbital diagram

10.1002/hlca.19740570746

Cite

Citations (34)

Missing Letter Grouping Title in: May 2, 2012, issue of JAMA

JAMA (2012)

Scott J. Denardo Paul L. Carpinone David M. Vock Christopher Batich Carl J. Pepine

fragments from other intravascular devices have been described and correlated with subsequent adverse clinical events. 6However, there have been no published reports pertaining to DES.Polymer damage and detached microparticles could theoretically contribute to DES-associated complications, including thrombosis, restenosis, and microvascular and endothelial dysfunction.Confirmation of our results would be useful, and further studies should determine physiological and clinical consequences of polymer damage and microparticle detachment.Additionally, the role of other components of DES (eg, drug and stent superstructure) require investigation.

10.1001/jama.2012.5321

Cite

Citations (0)

Patent Watch

Cells Tissues Organs (2001)

Augustinus Pd Larry L. Hench Great Britain Jon K. West G.P. LaTorre

10.1159/000046193

Cite

Citations (0)