Richard Luong

IDEXX Laboratories (United States)

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Alice Brisac

École Normale Supérieure de Lyon

Laura D. Attardi

Stanford University

Suzanne B.R. Jacobs

Massachusetts General Hospital

Jeanine L. Van Nostrand

Baylor College of Medicine

Stephano S. Mello

University of Rochester

Dirk Mayer

University of Maryland, Baltimore

Adolf Pfefferbaum

SRI International

Natalie M. Zahr

Stanford University

Edith V. Sullivan

Stanford University

D. T. Johnson

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Cooperative Institutions

Stanford University

201

Tri Alpha Energy (United States)

Stanford Medicine

Palo Alto University

Johns Hopkins University

Stratford University

University of California, San Francisco

University of California, Irvine

National Institutes of Health

Cornell University

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Diabetes Mellitus in a Chestnut-fronted Macaw (Ara severa)

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery (2005)

Anthony A. Pilny Richard Luong

A 4-year-old chestnut-fronted macaw (Ara severa) was examined for polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss. Abnormal clinicopathologic findings, including leukocytosis, anemia, β-globulinemia, hyperglycemia, glucosuria, and ketonuria, were consistent with diabetes mellitus. Increasing doses of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin had no effect on the hyperglycemia, and the macaw died 5 days after presentation. Histologic examination of the pancreas at necropsy showed marked islet cell vacuolar degeneration, multifocal lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, and exocrine pancreatic hyperplasia. Immunohistochemistry performed on the pancreas revealed nearly complete absence of insulin immunopositive cells. The pancreatic lesions were consistent with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Polyuria

Ketonuria

Polydipsia

10.1647/2004-021.1

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Citations (21)

Avidity-controlled hydrogels for injectable co-delivery of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells and growth factors

Journal of Controlled Release (2014)

Widya Mulyasasmita Lei Cai Ruby E. Dewi Arshi Jha Sabrina Ullmann

Regenerative Medicine

10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.05.015

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Citations (87)

Supplementary Figure 3 from The p53 Target Gene SIVA Enables Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Development

Jeanine L. Van Nostrand Alice Brisac Stephano S. Mello Suzanne B.R. Jacobs Richard Luong

Siva knockdown does not induce apoptosis.

10.1158/2159-8290.22530740.v1

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Mitotic Figures—Normal, Atypical, and Imposters: A Guide to Identification

Veterinary Pathology (2020)

Taryn Donovan Frances M. Moore Christof Bertram Richard Luong Pompei Bolfä

Counting mitotic figures (MF) in hematoxylin and eosin–stained histologic sections is an integral part of the diagnostic pathologist’s tumor evaluation. The mitotic count (MC) is used alone or as part of a grading scheme for assessment of prognosis and clinical decisions. Determining MCs is subjective, somewhat laborious, and has interobserver variation. Proposals for standardizing this parameter in the veterinary field are limited to terminology (use of the term MC) and area (MC is counted in an area measuring 2.37 mm 2 ). Digital imaging techniques are now commonplace and widely used among veterinary pathologists, and field of view area can be easily calculated with digital imaging software. In addition to standardizing the methods of counting MF, the morphologic characteristics of MF and distinguishing atypical mitotic figures (AMF) versus mitotic-like figures (MLF) need to be defined. This article provides morphologic criteria for MF identification and for distinguishing normal phases of MF from AMF and MLF. Pertinent features of digital microscopy and application of computational pathology (CPATH) methods are discussed. Correct identification of MF will improve MC consistency, reproducibility, and accuracy obtained from manual (glass slide or whole-slide imaging) and CPATH approaches.

Identification

10.1177/0300985820980049

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Citations (40)

Table of Contents

Biological Psychiatry (2010)

Rainer Spanagel Jian Hu Shannan Henry Jean-Dominique Gallezot Jim Ropchan

Table (database)

10.1016/s0006-3223(10)00268-4

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Modulating the Strength and Threshold of NOTCH Oncogenic Signals by mir-181a-1/b-1

PLoS Genetics (2012)

Rita Fragoso Tin K. Mao Song Wang Steven Schaffert Xue Gong

Oncogenes, which are essential for tumor initiation, development, and maintenance, are valuable targets for cancer therapy. However, it remains a challenge to effectively inhibit oncogene activity by targeting their downstream pathways without causing significant toxicity to normal tissues. Here we show that deletion of mir-181a-1/b-1 expression inhibits the development of Notch1 oncogene-induced T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). mir-181a-1/b-1 controls the strength and threshold of Notch activity in tumorigenesis in part by dampening multiple negative feedback regulators downstream of NOTCH and pre-T cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathways. Importantly, although Notch oncogenes utilize normal thymic progenitor cell genetic programs for tumor transformation, comparative analyses of mir-181a-1/b-1 function in normal thymocyte and tumor development demonstrate that mir-181a-1/b-1 can be specifically targeted to inhibit tumor development with little toxicity to normal development. Finally, we demonstrate that mir-181a-1/b-1, but not mir-181a-2b-2 and mir-181-c/d, controls the development of normal thymic T cells and leukemia cells. Together, these results illustrate that NOTCH oncogene activity in tumor development can be selectively inhibited by targeting the molecular networks controlled by mir-181a-1/b-1.

Thymocyte

10.1371/journal.pgen.1002855

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The Leucine Zipper Putative Tumor Suppressor 2 Protein LZTS2 Regulates Kidney Development

Journal of Biological Chemistry (2011)

Peng Yue Curtis Clark Richard Luong William H. Tu Jane Lee

Members of the leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor (LZTS) family play crucial roles in transcription modulation and cell cycle control. We previously demonstrated that LZTS2 functions as a novel β-catenin-interacting protein and represses β-catenin-mediated transcription on T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancing factor. Here, we investigate the biological role of LZTS2 using newly established Lzts2 KO mice. Homozygosity for loss-of-function of the Lzts2-targeted allele resulted in severe kidney and urinary tract developmental defects, including renal/ureteral duplication, hydroureter, and hydronephrosis, which were visible prenatally. Altered ureteric bud outgrowth was identified in Lzts2 null embryos. Further analysis indicated that β-catenin subcellular localization was altered in fibroblasts isolated from Lzts2 null embryos. In addition, Wnt growth factor-induced β-catenin-mediated transcriptional activity was increased in Lzts2 null fibroblasts, suggesting a direct role for Lzts2 in the Wnt signaling pathway. These data demonstrate a critical role of LZTS2 in renal development and implicate LZTS2 as a critical regulator of β-catenin-mediated nephrogenesis.

Null allele

ATF3

10.1074/jbc.m111.302059

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Hematologic, serologic, and histologic profile of aged Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus).

PubMed (2011)

Gabriel P McKeon Claude M. Nagamine Norman F. Ruby Richard Luong

Biologic samples from 18 (12 female, 6 male) Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) representing an aged colony (17 to 27 mo) were examined. Values for CBC and serum biochemical parameters were determined, and macroscopic and microscopic pathologic evaluations were performed. Blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly higher in male (54.2 ± 14 mg/dL) compared with female (35.3 ± 22 mg/dL) hamsters and correlated histologically with a higher incidence of chronic glomerulonephropathy in males (5 of 6 males; 0 of 12 females). All 18 hamsters had histologic evidence of follicular mite infestation. Half (6 of 12) of the female hamsters showed cystic rete ovarii. Other histologic findings included thymic or thyroid branchial cysts (3 of 18), focal enteritis (2 of 18), and single cases of hepatic hemangiosarcoma, renal adenoma, subcutaneous mast cell tumor, cutaneous sebaceous adenoma, cutaneous trichofolliculoma, squamous papilloma of the nonglandular stomach, epididymal cholesteatoma, pyometra, and pituitary craniopharyngeal cyst. This study is the first published report of hematologic and serum chemical values for any population of Siberian hamsters and the first published report showing a potential male predisposition for chronic progressive glomerulonephropathy and a potential female predisposition for cystic rete ovarii.

Phodopus

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Quantitative Assessment of Inflammation in a Porcine Acute Terminal Ileitis Model: US with a Molecularly Targeted Contrast Agent

Radiology (2015)

Huaijun Wang Stephen A. Felt Steven Machtaler Ismayil M. Guracar Richard Luong

To evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of ultrasonography (US) performed with dual-selectin-targeted contrast agent microbubbles (MBs) for assessment of inflammation in a porcine acute terminal ileitis model, with histologic findings as a reference standard.The study had institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approval. Acute terminal ileitis was established in 19 pigs; four pigs served as control pigs. The ileum was imaged with clinical-grade dual P- and E-selectin-targeted MBs (MBSelectin) at increasing doses (0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10, and 20 × 10(8) MB per kilogram of body weight) and with control nontargeted MBs (MBControl). For reproducibility testing, examinations were repeated twice after the MBSelectin and MBControl injections. After imaging, scanned ileal segments were analyzed ex vivo both for inflammation grade (by using hematoxylin-eosin staining) and for expression of selectins (by using quantitative immunofluorescence analysis). Statistical analysis was performed by using the t test, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and Spearman correlation analysis.Imaging signal increased linearly (P < .001) between a dose of 0.5 and a dose of 5.0 × 10(8) MB/kg and plateaued between a dose of 10 and a dose of 20 × 10(8) MB/kg. Imaging signals were reproducible (ICC = 0.70), and administration of MBSelectin in acute ileitis resulted in a significantly higher (P < .001) imaging signal compared with that in control ileum and MBControl. Ex vivo histologic grades of inflammation correlated well with in vivo US signal (ρ = 0.79), and expression levels of both P-selectin (37.4% ± 14.7 [standard deviation] of vessels positive; P < .001) and E-selectin (31.2% ± 25.7) in vessels in the bowel wall of segments with ileitis were higher than in control ileum (5.1% ± 3.7 for P-selectin and 4.8% ± 2.3 for E-selectin).Quantitative measurements of inflammation obtained by using dual-selectin-targeted US are reproducible and correlate well with the extent of inflammation at histologic examination in a porcine acute ileitis model as a next step toward clinical translation.

Ileitis

Ex vivo

10.1148/radiol.2015142478

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Citations (32)

Supplementary Table 1 from The p53 Target Gene SIVA Enables Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Development

Jeanine L. Van Nostrand Alice Brisac Stephano S. Mello Suzanne B.R. Jacobs Richard Luong

qPCR Primer List.

Primer (cosmetics)

10.1158/2159-8290.22530731

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