A case of chronic granulomatosis is reported. Its clinical manifestations were affection of the urinary tract with pseudotumors of the urinary bladder and ureteral obstruction. Recommendations for treatment of similar diseases are presented.
4 cases of melanoma of the respiratory tract (trachea and bronchi) are analysed clinico-morphologically. A case of melanoma with a primary multiple location (trachea and the main bronchus), rapid recurrence after surgery and radiation therapy is described in detail. Melanocytic nature of the tumor is proved immunohistochemically.
Histological and ultrastructural studies were performed to examine 6 paragangliomas of various sites: carotid glomus, aortic body, sympathetic chain, and stomach. Five of the tumors in question had a histological structure typical of a paraganglioma. The gastric tumor was distinguished by being similar to a pheochromocytoma. With regard to the degree of infiltrative growth, the paragangliomas of the sympathetic chain and stomach were regarded as malignant. The ultrastructures of the paragangliomas examined were found to be of the same type. In all the neoplasms, tumor cells had signs of neuroendocrine and neurogenous differentiations that were characteristic of the ultrastructural organization of postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system. The neurogenous differentiation was evidenced by cytoplasmic portions that are structurally similar to rough-surface endoplasmic reticulum, which is pertaining to Nissl's bodies; neurofilaments that form concentric structures containing neuroendocrine granules such as fibrous or Pick's bodies; intracytoplasmic cilia; specialized cytoplasmic processes of two types: axons and dendrites; partially reduced intercellular contacts, such as axosomatic and axodendritic synapses; sustentacular cells (sustenocytes). In the neoplasms evaluated as malignant, the neurogenous differential signs were more pronounced by reducing the number of neurosecretory granules, which might, apparently, serve as an ultrastructural criterion for establishing the degree of paraganglioma malignancy.
The role of Newcastle disease virus and neoadjuvant therapy was assessed in 84 cases of breast cancer T1-4N0-2M0 (2005-2008). Combined use of the virus vaccine and chemotherapy (group A), therapy with the vaccine alone (group B) and chemotherapy regimen identical with that used in group A (group C) were compared. Histological pattern of tumor and stage were identified using expression of receptors of steroid hormones, oncoproteins Her2/neu and p53 as well as proliferation activity (marker Ki-67) before and after therapy. It was shown that the efficiency and safety of Newcastle disease virus (apathogenic strain La-Sotha) met specific immuno- and neoadjuvant therapy standards.
Morphology of the thymus in autoimmune and some other conditions with an accidental thymus involution is studied. Metaplasia and dysplasia of epithelial cells which should be regarded as precancer condition were found in 7-10% of cases in the parenchyma in the presence of atrophic changes.
An overall morphologic evaluation of a case of facial skin chondroid syringoma (CS) provided evidence for CS classification as borderline. Histologically, CS showed signs of cellular elements polymorphism, contained structures typical for CS whereas electron-microscopically there were two types of cells: epithelial and myoepithelial.
Cytological differential diagnostic features of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma and papillary adenocarcinoma are established basing on the material of needle biopsies by means of Statistica program. It is found that the strongest influence on the cytological diagnosis of these two tumors is associated with the following pairs of cytological features: lane--clear-cut cell borders and lane--the presence of macrovacuoles.
