Hale Tufan

Cornell University

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Béla Teeken

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Chiedozie Egesi

National Root Crops Research Institute

Margaret Najjingo Mangheni

Makerere University

Peter Kulakow

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Tessy Madu

National Root Crops Research Institute

Olamide Olaosebikan

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Abolore Bello

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Vivian Polar

International Potato Center

R. Kawuki

National Agricultural Research Institute

Lora Forsythe

University of Greenwich

Cooperative Institutions

Ithaca College

133

Bioversity International

123

International Potato Center

121

CGIAR

115

Cornell University

Başkent University

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Başkent University Hospital

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Makerere University

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‘They think we are delaying their outputs’. The challenges of interdisciplinary research: understanding power dynamics between social and biophysical scientists in international crop breeding teams

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems (2023)

Beth Cullen Katherine A. Snyder Deborah Rubin Hale Tufan

Public sector crop improvement for development programmes aims to produce varieties tailored to the needs of smallholder farmers and their environments. Understanding how social heterogeneity, including gender, drives trait preferences is essential to ensure that crop improvement objectives meet farmers’ and stakeholder demands. This requires an interdisciplinary approach, integrating social science knowledge with crop breeding. Although the necessity of interdisciplinary research is recognised and promoted, it is impeded by a multitude of challenges including ontological and epistemological differences, institutional and global hierarchies, disciplinary power relations and struggles for scientific authority. The Agricultural Research for Development (AR4D) sector is marked by entrenched power differentials, including dominance of the biophysical sciences, a historical emphasis on technical solutions which ignores social contexts, and the underrepresentation of women scientists and farmers themselves. Nevertheless, there is limited theoretically informed analysis of power dynamics within AR4D settings. Drawing on qualitative, ethnographic observations of the Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Crop Improvement (ILCI), this article seeks to understand how power affects interdisciplinary research processes. Critical ethnography and power theory is used to analyse power within international crop breeding collaborations and the implications for inclusive knowledge production and research impact. The Powercube is used to examine how visible, hidden and invisible forms of power manifest within local, national, and international relationships across closed, invited and claimed spaces. Our findings suggest that these intersecting power dimensions, which include disciplinary, gendered, institutional and global hierarchies, constrain the contributions that individual researchers can make – particularly social scientists – thereby hindering disciplinary integration. The ILCI case study reveals the complex multi-dimensional dynamics that emerge within agricultural research teams and highlights structural limitations constraining efforts to build socially inclusive and gender-responsive crop improvement programmes. The article contributes to a small but growing literature studying the social construction of agricultural science, and provides insights that can enable interdisciplinary research strategies to more effectively meet the needs of farmers and other stakeholders.

Discipline

Dominance (genetics)

Sociotechnical system

Social Dynamics

10.3389/fsufs.2023.1250709

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Citations (8)

Preparations for the Course

CABI eBooks (2022)

Margaret Najjingo Mangheni Hale Tufan

Course (navigation)

10.1079/9781800620513.0003

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User guide to the standard operating procedure for G+ tools (G+SOP)

Jaqueline Ashby Vivian Polar Béla Teeken Deborah Olaosebikan Ireti Balogun

The Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the G+ Tools is designed for breeding teams with an interest in improving their gender-responsiveness.The SOP is a guide to using the G+ Tools as an input to team decisions about the importance of gender differences to (i) identify and describe their priority customer segments, and (ii) evaluate which product traits to prioritize for breeding.The SOP lays out a stepwise procedure for a team to organize the available evidence on gender differences in customer segments, identify crucial gaps in the evidence that may need to be filled, interpret the evidence and use the results for team decision-making.The SOP can also be used to generate a standardized G+ Report with the templates provided, so that the team has a record of their decisions about the implications of the gender differences considered, and the supporting evidence.

Standard operating procedure

10.4160/9789290605966

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Exploring Gender Differences in the Role of Trait Preferences among Stakeholders in the Rice Value Chain in Ghana

Sustainability (2023)

Bright Owusu Asante Benedicta Nsiah Frimpong Maxwell Darko Asante Stephen Prah Stephen John Ayeh

This paper examines the gendered trait preferences for rice and their role in the adoption of improved rice varieties among men and women rice farmers in Ghana. Four hundred rice farm households and 261 consumers were surveyed across 20 communities using a simple random sampling technique. Kendall’s coefficient of concordance, Tobit, and the multivariate probit regressions were used in the analyses. The results show differences in preferences for cooking quality traits and postharvest traits among men and women farmers. There was also a gender differential in the intensity of purchasing rice among men and women consumers. The results show that rice farmers’ decisions to adopt any of the four varieties—AGRA rice, Jasmine, Togo Marshall, or Amankwatia—are influenced by age, being married or indigenous, years of schooling, off-farm activities, farming experience, household size, farm size, FBO membership, extension contact, market proximity, and access to credit. To improve the rice value chain in Ghana, rice breeding efforts should consider varieties with trait preferences such as being tolerant of pest and diseases, aromatic, early maturing, and tolerance to shattering. However, to enhance the consumption of improved rice varieties, breeding efforts should target varieties that are aromatic, good textured, and have medium-sized grains for female consumers, while for male consumers preferred varieties would be less easily broken, white grain color, translucent, and with short cooking time.

Trait

Tobit model

Consumption

10.3390/su15076026

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Angiotensin II Captopril Cotreatment Augments Angiogenesis in Abdominal Skin Flap in Rats

Annals of Plastic Surgery (2007)

Hale Tufan Basim M Zaki Müge Tecder‐Ünal Remzi Erdem Gülnur Take

The effect of captopril, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on angiogenesis in several reports remained unclear. Its effect on neovascularization in rat abdominal skin flaps was investigated. Flap elevation, based on the right superficial inferior epigastric artery was performed with or without the administration of captopril (10 mg/kg/d), Ang II (100 microg/kg/d), or captopril and Ang II cotreatment. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), microangiography, capillary density measurement, necrosis area determination, laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), AT1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunostaining were used to evaluate the effects of captopril and the interaction between captopril and Ang II on the angiogenesis. Ang II and captopril cotreatment improved angiogenesis more than Ang II or captopril alone. The reduction of necrosis, enhancement of vascular network formation, capillary density, VEGF immunostaining, and local blood flow were evident in the cotreated group. We suggest that Ang II and captopril cotreatment improves ischemia-induced angiogenesis and increased viability and vascularity of skin flap in rats.

Captopril

Microangiography

Immunostaining

10.1097/01.sap.0000241682.42511.07

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Citations (9)

An interdisciplinary and participatory methodology to improve user acceptability of root, tuber and banana varieties

International Journal of Food Science & Technology (2020)

Lora Forsythe Hale Tufan Alexandre Bouniol U. Kleih Géneviève Fliedel

Summary Breeding programmes for root, tuber and banana (RTB) crops have traditionally considered consumer demand for quality characteristics as low priority against other considerations such as yield and disease resistance. This has contributed to low levels of adoption of new varieties and its potential benefits. To address these challenges, an interdisciplinary five‐step methodology was developed to identify demand for quality characteristics among diverse user groups along the food chain. The methodology includes an evidence review, consultations with key informants and rural communities, processing diagnosis with experienced processors and consumer testing in urban and rural areas. Quality characteristics are then prioritised into a Food Product Profile by user group to inform further work of biochemists and breeders in developing improved selection tools. This initiative presents a new basis to understand consumer preferences for RTB crops. The methodology is currently being applied in projects in sub‐Saharan Africa and is applicable globally.

Consumer Demand

10.1111/ijfs.14680

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Citations (44)

Potassium channel activators in the management of graft spasm

Pharmacological Research (1995)

Hale Tufan B. Sönmez Uydeş‐Dogˇan Sait Aşlamacı C Köksoy İlker Kanzık

Methoxamine

Phenylephrine

10.1016/1043-6618(95)86992-1

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RTBfoods Step 2: Gendered food mapping

Lora Forsythe Géneviève Fliedel Hale Tufan U. Kleih

10.18167/agritrop/00569

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Citations (8)

The ability of cultivars of sweetpotato in East Africa to ‘revert’ from Sweet potato feathery mottle virus infection

Virus Research (2013)

R. W. Gibson Peter Wasswa Hale Tufan

Cutting

Ipomoea

Vine

10.1016/j.virusres.2013.12.006

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Citations (19)

PRETREATMENT WITH CYPRESS CONES' WATER ExTRACT ENHANCES SURVIVAL OF ISCHEMICALLY CHALLENGED SKIN FLAPS A PRELIMINARY STUDY

Türk Plastik, Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi (Turk J Plast Surg) (2006)

Betül Gözel Ulusal Hale Tufan Ali Engin Ulusal Cevahir Haberal Tamer Seyhan

The pathophysiology of ischemic skin flap necrosis is complex, due primarily to vascular thrombosis and insufficient angiogenesis. Nitric oxide can significantly increase angiogenic response and protect the endothelium from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Also, anticoagulants can prevent or reverse skin flap ischemia. In vitro assessment of endothelial cell function in isolated aortic rings of rats pretreated with cypress cones' water extract showed increased production of endothelium-derived nitric oxide. Additionally, we have shown its anticoagulant properties. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that pretreatment with cypress cones' water extract would enhance survival of random extensions of ischemic axial flaps via its increased endothelial nitric oxide release and its anticoagulant effect.Twenty four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned as pretreatment (n = 12) and control (n=12) groups. The pretreated group received 30% of cypress cones' water extract treatment orally 7 days before flap elevation and for 3 days afterward. The control group received tap water. The ischemic target was a 6 X 7 cm islanded epigastric artery flap based on the right inferior epigastric pedicle. After the observation period, hemodynamic variables including mean arterial pressure and heart rate were assessed. Flap survival and perfusion rates were determined by microangiography and laser Doppler flowmetry. In twelve rats, in vitro isometric tension of the aortic segments isolated from the control and pretreated groups was monitored to reflect vascular responsiveness. Using isolated tissue baths, the dose-response relations to acetylcholine was determined and compared between the two groups. There were no significant differences between the hemodynamic variables. In the pretreated group, microangiograms revealed increased angiogenesis and capillary density and enhanced flap perfusion (as blood perfusion units) in the right distal and proximal parts (P .05). Endothelium-derived nitric oxide - dependent maximal relaxation (Emax) and the EC50 value to Acetylcholine were significantly greater in the pretreated group compared to that of the controls. These data suggest that pretreatment with cypress water extract enhances the viability of ischemically challenged flaps.

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