G. Yamal

University of Delhi

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Kottapalli Sreenivasa Rao

University of Delhi

P. Pardha-Saradhi

Andhra University

P. Sharmila

National Institute of Technology Meghalaya

K. S. Rao

University of Delhi

J. Dinakaran

University of Delhi

Ankita Bidalia

University of Delhi

Tanuj Peddisetty

University of Petroleum and Energy Studies

Jyoti Singh

University of Delhi

R. Nagarajan

University of Delhi

Abhishek Chandra

University of Delhi

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University of Delhi

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda

National Institute of Technology Meghalaya

Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Bharathidasan University

Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research

Jamia Millia Islamia

National Institute for Basic Biology

National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology

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Root system of live plants is a powerful resource for the green synthesis of Au-nanoparticles

RSC Advances (2013)

P. Pardha-Saradhi G. Yamal Tanuj Peddisetty P. Sharmila Jyoti Singh

Sixteen plant species from 11 distinct families were evaluated for their potential to exogenously fabricate Au-nanoparticles (NPs) at the root surface. The root system of intact plants of all species turned clear pale yellow colloidal salt solutions of Au purple/golden. Transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed the presence of Au-NPs in the range of 5–100 nm in these colloidal solutions. PXRD showed the crystalline nature of Au-NPs. Reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol (DCPIP) by the root system of intact plants confirmed that the root surface possesses the strong reducing strength necessary for the reduction of Au3+ to Au0 and to generate Au-NPs. Our findings unequivocally demonstrated for the first time that roots of intact plants of certain species can be exploited for the bulk synthesis of Au-NPs exogenously under ambient conditions in an aqueous phase. These findings highlight a novel, simple, economically feasible and green/eco-friendly scheme for the exogenous production of Au-NPs in an aqueous phase under ambient conditions.

Reducing agent

Aqueous two-phase system

10.1039/c3ra45370g

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Citations (20)

An Insight into the Legume–Rhizobium Interaction

Springer eBooks (2016)

G. Yamal Ankita Bidalia Krati Vikram K. S. Rao

Pericycle

Mutualism

Nod factor

10.1007/978-3-319-29573-2_16

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Citations (2)

Reducing Strength Prevailing at Root Surface of Plants Promotes Reduction of Ag+ and Generation of Ag0/Ag2O Nanoparticles Exogenously in Aqueous Phase

PLoS ONE (2014)

P. Pardha-Saradhi G. Yamal Tanuj Peddisetty Peddisetty Sharmila Shilpi Nagar

Potential of root system of plants from wide range of families to effectively reduce membrane impermeable ferricyanide to ferrocyanide and blue coloured 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP) to colourless DCPIPH2 both under non-sterile and sterile conditions, revealed prevalence of immense reducing strength at root surface. As generation of silver nanoparticles (NPs) from Ag+ involves reduction, present investigations were carried to evaluate if reducing strength prevailing at surface of root system can be exploited for reduction of Ag+ and exogenous generation of silver-NPs. Root system of intact plants of 16 species from 11 diverse families of angiosperms turned clear colorless AgNO3 solutions, turbid brown. Absorption spectra of these turbid brown solutions showed silver-NPs specific surface plasmon resonance peak. Transmission electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray confirmed the presence of distinct NPs in the range of 5–50 nm containing Ag. Selected area electron diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the silver NPs showed Bragg reflections, characteristic of crystalline face-centered cubic structure of Ag0 and cubic structure of Ag2O. Root system of intact plants raised under sterile conditions also generated Ag0/Ag2O-NPs under strict sterile conditions in a manner similar to that recorded under non-sterile conditions. This revealed the inbuilt potential of root system to generate Ag0/Ag2O-NPs independent of any microorganism. Roots of intact plants reduced triphenyltetrazolium to triphenylformazon and impermeable ferricyanide to ferrocyanide, suggesting involvement of plasma membrane bound dehydrogenases in reduction of Ag+ and formation of Ag0/Ag2O-NPs. Root enzyme extract reduced triphenyltetrazolium to triphenylformazon and Ag+ to Ag0 in presence of NADH, clearly establishing potential of dehydrogenases to reduce Ag+ to Ag0, which generate Ag0/Ag2O-NPs. Findings presented in this manuscript put forth a novel, simple, economically viable and green protocol for synthesis of silver-NPs under ambient conditions in aqueous phase, using root system of intact plants.

Ferricyanide

Silver nanoparticle

Ferrocyanide

Reducing agent

10.1371/journal.pone.0106715

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Inbuilt Potential of YEM Medium and Its Constituents to Generate Ag/Ag2O Nanoparticles

PLoS ONE (2013)

G. Yamal P. Sharmila Kottapalli Sreenivasa Rao P. Pardha-Saradhi

We discovered that Yeast Extract Mannitol (YEM) medium possessed immense potential to generate silver nanoparticles from AgNO3 upon autoclaving, which was evident from (i) alteration in color of the medium; (ii) peak at ∼410 nm in UV-Vis spectrum due to surface plasmon resonance specific to silver nanoparticles; and (iii) TEM investigations. TEM coupled with EDX confirmed that distinct nanoparticles were composed of silver. Yeast extract and mannitol were key components of YEM medium responsible for the formation of nanoparticles. PXRD analysis indicated crystalline geometry and Ag/Ag2O phases in nanoparticles generated with YEM medium, yeast extract and mannitol. Our investigations also revealed that both mannitol and yeast extract possessed potential to convert ∼80% of silver ions in 0.5 mM AgNO3 to nanoparticles, on autoclaving for 30 min at 121°C under a pressure of 1.06 kg/cm(2). Addition of filter sterilized AgNO3 under ambient conditions to pre-autoclaved YEM medium and yeast extract brought about color change due to the formation of silver nanoparticles, but required prolonged duration. In general, even after 72 h intensity of color was significantly less than that recorded following autoclaving. Silver nanoparticles formed at room temperature were more heterogeneous compared to that obtained upon autoclaving. In summary, our findings demonstrated that (i) YEM medium and its constituents promote synthesis of silver nanoparticles; and (ii) autoclaving enhances rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles by YEM medium, yeast extract and mannitol.

Silver nanoparticle

Yeast extract

10.1371/journal.pone.0061750

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Citations (25)

Yeast Extract Mannitol medium and its constituents promote synthesis of Au nanoparticles

Process Biochemistry (2013)

G. Yamal P. Sharmila Kottapalli Sreenivasa Rao P. Pardha-Saradhi

Yeast extract

Aqueous medium

10.1016/j.procbio.2013.02.011

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Citations (32)

Effect of heat stress on wild type and A7a knockout mutant Arabidopsis thaliana plants

Vegetos (2021)

Kajal Patel Ankita Bidalia Indu Tripathi G. Yamal Priyanka Arora

Ecotype

Wild type

10.1007/s42535-021-00272-4

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Citations (6)

Specific H+ level is crucial for accurate phosphate quantification using ascorbate as a reductant

PROTOPLASMA (2019)

Subramaniyan Divya Peddisetty Sharmila J. Dinakaran G. Yamal Kottapalli Sreenivasa Rao

Ammonium molybdate

Molybdenum blue

Phosphomolybdic acid

Azotobacter

10.1007/s00709-019-01424-9

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Citations (8)

Status of Soil Biota in the Himalayan Region: A Review

Apple Academic Press eBooks (2024)

J. Dinakaran G. Yamal Abhishek Chandra K. S. Rao

Understanding the status of soil biota is crucial to maintaining soil health and nutrient dynamics. The soil biota in the Himalayan region is unique and plays a major role in ecosystem processes and functions. The major soil bacterial diversity groups in the Indian Himalayan region are Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Nitrospira, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Chlorobi. The major soil fungi in the Himalayan region are Penicillium, Aspergillus, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Myrothecium, Cladosporium, Paecilomyces, Gangronella, and Trichoderma. Also, some major species of Earthworms (Amynthas diffrigens, Amynthas alexandri, and Eisenia fetida), termites (Archotermopsis wroughtoni), and nematodes are found in the Himalayan region. Frequent floods, landslides, deforestation, and agricultural management practices have had adverse effects on belowground microbial diversity in the Himalayan region. Conservation of the soil biota in the Himalayan region through indigenous management approaches is the best and most sustainable way to protect soil microbial diversity in the Himalayan ecosystem. It's high time to have an interdisciplinary approach to conserving the indigenous microbial diversity in the Himalayan region.

Biota

10.1201/9781003455202-14

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Climate Change and Biodiversity in the Himalaya: Trends and Perception

Apple Academic Press eBooks (2024)

Abhishek Chandra G. Yamal J. Dinakaran Nancy Raina Muhammad Hanif

The Himalaya are the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change, particularly heavy rainfall events that cause soil erosion, landslides, and flash floods, and hence an ideal site to analyze the roles of climate change. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has often underlined in its reports the Himalaya's vulnerability. Because of the anticipated challenges of climate change, it is critical to conserve natural resources, maintain sustainable agricultural and livestock production systems, and maintain stability for future food security and social health. Climate change has an impact on natural ecosystem services, affecting the livelihood and existence of mountain people. Unfortunately, the Himalaya are warming faster than the global average, causing glaciers to decline in area and mass. This chapter discusses about sustainable development challenges, which are essential for gaining a better grasp of "the impact of climate change". Our aim is to examine (i) biodiversity in the Himalayan region and (ii) the influence of climate change on biodiversity in this chapter.

10.1201/9781003455202-17

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Plants fabricate Fe-nanocomplexes at root surface to counter and phytostabilize excess ionic Fe

BioMetals (2013)

P. Pardha-Saradhi G. Yamal Tanuj Peddisetty P. Sharmila Jyoti Singh

Thermogravimetric analysis

Reducing agent

Potassium ferricyanide

10.1007/s10534-013-9690-7

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Citations (19)