aus einem Fibroadenom vom intrakanalikulären Typ entsteht. Die histopathologische Einteilung in benigne, borderline und maligne ist jedoch oft nicht aussagekräftig genug, um den Verlauf und die Prognose der Erkrankung abzuschätzen. Lokale Rezidive sind häufig, eine Metastasierung hingegen eher selten.
Nausea and vomiting are one of the most common and challenging side effects related to chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to develop a predictive score for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients with gynaecological cancers planned for chemotherapy by identifying non-pharmacological, patient-related risk factors.
Methodology
A research-based questionnaire of 27 risk factors was designed and handed out to chemotherapy-naïve patients with gynaecological malignancies. Data on nausea and vomiting from at least 3 cycles of therapy was collected. Variable selection via stepwise and LASSO regression combined with patients' history was used to determine few questions with high predictive power. Bayesian logistic regression (risk prediction model) was implemented with a cut-off chosen to reach a sensitivity of 80%. Area under the curve analysis (AUC) was performed and the accuracy of prediction calculated.
Results
191 patients were enrolled, of which 174 (91.1%) received at least one dose of chemotherapy (intention-to-treat population). Most patients suffered from ovarian cancer (68.0%) and received the carboplatinum/paclitaxel chemotherapy combination (57.5%). Leading predictive factors for CINV were educational status, nausea and vomiting due to other medication, motion sickness, anxiety from therapy in general, anxiety from nausea due to therapy, emetogenic potential of the therapy and distress level. 142 (81.6%) patients answered all questions concerning these factors. Among those, 107 (66.0%) were affected by nausea or vomiting. The AUC of the predictive score based on the above mentioned factors was 0.727 (95% CI [0.636, 0.818]), with a sensitivity of 80.4% [72.9%, 87.9%], a specificity of 48.6% [31.4%, 65.7%] and an overall accuracy of 72.5% [65.5%, 79.6%].
Conclusion
To this day, a patient-related predictive model for the occurrence of CINV is missing, making the choice of the right antiemetic prophylaxis difficult. The score featured in our study showed very promising predictive power and is currently being validated.
e24107 Background: Despite many years of clinical research and development, nausea and vomiting remain challenging toxicities related to chemotherapy. The aim of our study was assessment of non-pharmacological, patient-related risk factors for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and development of unique predictive score in patients with gynaecological malignancies planned for chemotherapy. Methods: A research-based questionnaire of 27 risk factors was generated and provided to patients diagnosed with gynaecological malignancies prior to indicated chemotherapy. The data on nausea and vomiting from at least 3 cycles therapy was collected. Variable selection via stepwise and LASSO regression combined with patients history was used to identify a small set of questions with high predictive power. As risk prediction model, a Bayesian logistic regression was implemented with a cut-off chosen to yield a sensitivity of 80%. Area under the curve analysis (AUC) was conducted, and accuracy of prediction was calculated. Results: In total 191 patients were enrolled. The most frequent diagnosis and chemotherapy was ovarian cancer (69%) and carboplatinum/paclitaxel combination (57.7%), respectively. Six factors (emetogenic potential of the therapy, educational status, nausea and vomiting due to other medication, motion sickness, anxiety from therapy in general and anxiety from nausea due to therapy) were identified as most important predictive factors. All questions were answered by 132 (69.1%) patients. Among those 97 (68%) reported nausea or vomiting. The AUC of the predictive score consisting mentioned factors was 0.741, with a sensitivity of 80.4%, specificity of 51.4% and an overall accuracy of 72.7%. Conclusions: Patients related risk factors are missing in selection of the antiemetic prophylaxis in patients under chemotherapy. Presented predictive score showed very promising predictive power and is going to be validated in further phase of the trial. Clinical trial information: DRKS-ID: DRKS00015151.
<div>AbstractPurpose:<p>The optimal application of maintenance PARP inhibitor therapy for ovarian cancer requires accessible, robust, and rapid testing of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). However, in many countries, access to HRD testing is problematic and the failure rate is high. We developed an academic HRD test to support treatment decision-making.</p>Experimental Design:<p>Genomic Instability Scar (GIScar) was developed through targeted sequencing of a 127-gene panel to determine HRD status. GIScar was trained from a noninterventional study with 250 prospectively collected ovarian tumor samples. GIScar was validated on 469 DNA tumor samples from the PAOLA-1 trial evaluating maintenance olaparib for newly diagnosed ovarian cancer, and its predictive value was compared with Myriad Genetics MyChoice (MGMC).</p>Results:<p>GIScar showed significant correlation with MGMC HRD classification (kappa statistics: 0.780). From PAOLA-1 samples, more HRD-positive tumors were identified by GIScar (258) than MGMC (242), with a lower proportion of inconclusive results (1% vs. 9%, respectively). The HRs for progression-free survival (PFS) with olaparib versus placebo were 0.45 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.33–0.62] in GIScar-identified HRD-positive <i>BRCA</i>-mutated tumors, 0.50 (95% CI, 0.31–0.80) in HRD-positive <i>BRCA</i>-wild-type tumors, and 1.02 (95% CI, 0.74–1.40) in HRD-negative tumors. Tumors identified as HRD positive by GIScar but HRD negative by MGMC had better PFS with olaparib (HR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.07–0.72).</p>Conclusions:<p>GIScar is a valuable diagnostic tool, reliably detecting HRD and predicting sensitivity to olaparib for ovarian cancer. GIScar showed high analytic concordance with MGMC test and fewer inconclusive results. GIScar is easily implemented into diagnostic laboratories with a rapid turnaround.</p></div>