F Kristek

Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

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Soňa Čačányiová

Slovak Academy of Sciences

Karol Ondriaš

Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

M Gerová

Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Andrea Berenyiová

Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Ima Dovinová

Slovak Academy of Sciences

J Török

Life Science Center Düsseldorf (Germany)

Martina Cebová

Slovak Academy of Sciences

Magdalena Drobna

Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Marian Grman

Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Magdalena Malekova

Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Cooperative Institutions

Slovak Academy of Sciences

Comenius University Bratislava

Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Czech Academy of Sciences

Slovak Medical University

Masaryk University

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology

Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

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Losartan improved respiratory function and coenzyme Q content in brain mitochondria of young spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology (2010)

Zuzana Sumbalová Jarmila Kucharská F Kristek

Losartan Potassium

10.1007/s10571-010-9501-4

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Citations (21)

Some Peculiar Effects of NO-Synthase Inhibition on the Structure and Function of Cardiovascular System

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (2011)

F Kristek

Long-term increase of blood pressure represents one of the most important risk factors triggering many cardiovascular diseases, and via counter-regulatory mechanisms it is itself modulated by them. Adequate perfusion of the respective areas with nutrients requires appropriate production of vasodilatory and vasoconstrictory agents. Disharmony among them has an important impact on mechanical properties of the arteries, resulting in pathological alterations in the cardiovascular system. Defective production of the vasodilatory agent nitric oxide (NO) has a pronounced effect on this delicate balance and can evoke functional and structural changes in the cardiovascular system leading to hypertension. This review is focused mainly on changes in the cardiovascular system of newborn and adult Wistar rats after long-term administration of two different types of NO-synthase inhibitors: nonspecific inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester and specific inhibitor of neuronal NO-synthase 7-nitroindazole. A possible supplementation of decreased endogenous NO production by NO donors is discussed. Particular attention is given to the complex interplay among blood pressure, arterial geometry, including arterial wall thickness, cross-sectional area, inner diameter, and individual components of the arterial wall, as extracellular matrix, endothelial and smooth muscle cell trophicity. Some methodological remarks for determination of the arterial geometry are also presented. Better understanding of the interrelationship among the factors involved can help in explaining more accurately differences in functional manifestations of vessels in various types of hypertension. The review indicates that the current concept of NO production, effect of NO deficiency, substitution of the missing NO in failing NO production in the cardiovascular system appears to be oversimplified. Keywords: Artery, nitric oxide, regulation, structure, cardiovascular diseases, extracellular matrix, arterial geometry, synthase inhibition, myocardium, cardiac hypertrophy, angiogenesis, cardiovascular hypertrophy, muscle cells, acetylcholine, semi-essential amino acid

Structure function

10.2174/138920111798281072

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Citations (2)

Different vasoactive effects of chronic endothelial and neuronal NO-synthase inhibition in young Wistar rats

Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry (2014)

Soňa Čačányiová Andrea Berenyiová Magdalena Malekova F Kristek Ima Dovinová

Vasoactive

10.1007/s13105-014-0343-2

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Citations (7)

Functional and structural pattern of arterial responses in hereditary hypertriglyceridemic and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Physiological Research (2006)

J Török Romana Koprdová Martina Cebová Jaroslav Kuneš F Kristek

It has been shown that endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in regulation of vascular tone in the prenatal and early postnatal period. The aim of this paper was to determine the reactivity and accompanying structural changes in thoracic aorta from 4-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and rats with hereditary hypertriglyceridemia (hHTG) in comparison with age-matched normotensive controls. For functional studies thoracic aorta was excised, cut into rings and mounted in organ baths for measurement of isometric contractile force. For morphological studies cardiovascular system of rats was perfused with glutaraldehyde fixative (at 100 mm Hg) via cannula placed in the left ventricle. Morphological changes of thoracic aorta were measured using light microscopy. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) in SHR (98+/-1 mm Hg) did not significantly differ from that of age-matched control rats (95+/-4 mm Hg), but was slightly increased in hHTG rats (110+/-2 mm Hg, P<0.05). Heart weight/body weight ratio was higher in SHR and hHTG rats than in control group indicating the hypertrophy of the heart in both models of hypertension. Endothelium-dependent relaxation of aorta induced by acetylcholine was preserved in all groups and did not differ from that in control normotensive rats. The maximal isometric contraction of thoracic aorta to noradrenaline (NA) was reduced in hypertensive groups and the concentration-response curves to NA were shifted to the right indicating increased sensitivity of smooth muscle to NA. The values of wall thickness and cross sectional area as well as inner diameter of thoracic aorta in SHR and hHTG rats were significantly decreased in comparison to control groups. Endothelial dysfunction seems to be absent in all young rats before development of hypertension. In conclusion, our observations indicate that in early stage of experimental hypertension NO-dependent relaxation is preserved so that putative impairment of this function provides no significant pathogenic contribution to the onset of hypertension in these two experimental models.

Thoracic aorta

Spontaneously hypertensive rat

10.33549/physiolres.930000.55.s1.65

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Citations (26)

Functional and morphological pattern of vascular responses in two models of experimental hypertension.

PubMed (2001)

J Török F Kristek

To determine the reactivity and accompanying structural changes in thoracic aorta and carotid artery from nitric oxide (NO)-deficient hypertensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).For the functional study, isolated rat arterial rings were precontracted with a submaximal concentration of phenylephrine (1 muM) and relaxant responses to cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine were obtained. For the morphological study, arteries were processed by a standard method for electron microscopy. The geometry of the arteries - the inner diameter and the wall thickness (tunica intima plus tunica media) - was evaluated by light microscopy.Increased systolic blood pressure was accompanied by increased heart weight to body weight ratio in both NO-deficient and SHR compared with normotensive controls, indicating cardiac hypertrophy. Morphometry of the thoracic aorta and carotid artery in both models of hypertension showed increased wall thickness, cross-sectional area and wall to diameter ratio. The inner diameter increased in aorta but not in carotid artery. In isolated arteries from normotensive rats, the addition of acetylcholine to precontracted vessels resulted in dose-dependent relaxation. The relaxing effect was more prominent in thoracic aorta than in carotid artery. Endothelium-dependent relaxation of arteries from NO-deficient hypertensive rats was markedly reduced. On the other hand, in aorta and carotid artery from SHR, the endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to acetylcholine was not significantly attenuated. The relaxation of arteries from SHRs, as well as the residual relaxation of arteries from NO-deficient hypertensive rats, was abolished by addition of N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of NO synthase, to the incubation medium.These results suggest that increased systolic blood pressure and accompanying structural changes are not primarily responsible for impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation in experimental hypertension.

Tunica media

Phenylephrine

Thoracic aorta

Tunica intima

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The effect of an NO donor, pentaerythrityl tetranitrate, on biochemical, functional, and morphological attributes of cardiovascular system of spontaneously hypertensive rats

General Physiology and Biophysics (2009)

Ima Dovinová Soňa Čačányiová V. Faberová F Kristek

The status of nitric oxide (NO) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) is unclear and its bioavailability may be affected by imbalance with reactive oxygen species.We studied cardiovascular effects of an NO donor, pentaerythrityl tetranitrate (PETN) in SHR.We used Wistar rats, SHR and SHR treated with PETN (100 mg/kg/day).After six weeks, myocardium and aorta from each group were taken for biochemical and iliac artery for functional and morphological study.Long-term administration of PETN to SHR increased cGMP level in platelets and did not affect blood pressure.In myocardium, the therapy resulted in a decrease in cardiac hypertrophy and MDA level, and the increased antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx).In aorta, PETN decreased the NO-synthase activity and had no affect on the enzyme activities of SOD and GPx or on MDA level.In the iliac artery, the endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine was slightly improved and the maximum vasoconstriction to noradrenaline was decreased.Wall thickness, cross-sectional area, inner diameter, and wall thickness/ inner diameter measured after perfusion fixation (120 mmHg) were not affected.The small effect of PETN on cardiovascular system suggests that NO deficiency is probably not the main cause of pathological alterations in SHR.

10.4149/gpb_2009_01_86

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Citations (17)

[PP.11.11] ADAPTIVE VASOACTIVE PROPERTIES OF THORACIC AORTA IN YOUNG NORMOTENSIVE AND SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS

Journal of Hypertension (2016)

Soňa Čačányiová Andrea Berenyiová F Kristek Magdalena Drobna

Objective: Through its elasticity, the aorta plays an important role in the control of blood pressure. The aortic stiffness is associated with functional changes so the early determination of vasoactive properties could be one of the detectable manifestations of pathological changes in the hypertension. The aim was to compare the vasoactive responses of thoracic aorta (TA, elastic vessel type) and mesenteric artery (MA, muscular vessel type) in young normotensive rats (Wistar) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Design and method: In acute experiment 4-weeks old Wistar rats and SHR were used. In chronic experiment the control rats and rats treated with NG-nitro-L-arginine metylester (L-NAME, 50 mg/kg/day) of both strains were used to evaluate the effect of nitric oxide (NO) deficiency. Systolic blood pressure (sBP) was measures by plethysmographic method. The vasoactivity of TA and MA was evaluated by changes in isometric tension. Results: In 4-weeks SHR the sBP was not increased in spite of cardiac hypertrophy compared to Wistar rats. Vasoconstrictor responses induced by exogenous noradrenaline (NA) were decreased in TA in SHR compared to Wistar, in MA they were comparable between both strains. Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of TA was preserved in both strains, however, NO component was increased in SHR. The L-NAME administration induced the stabile hypertension without cardiac hypertrophy in Wistar and transient sBP increase associated with aggravated cardiac hypertrophy. NA vasoconstrictor responses were increased in MA and decreased in TA in normotensive rats in L-NAME group. In SHR the chronic NO deficiency led to the increase of contractions in TA and to the collapse of contractile apparatus in MA. After L-NAME administration the endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of TA was inhibited in normotensive rats, however, it was unchanged in SHR. Conclusions: Young pre-hypertensive SHR dispose of inherent predisposition involving: a) an unimpaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation with increased NO component; b) heterogeneity of contractility of elastic and muscular type of arteries. TA, by contrast to MA, revealed the adaptive contractile responses in both strains, which was supplemented by activation of vasorelaxant compensatory mechanisms in SHR.

Thoracic aorta

Mesenteric arteries

10.1097/01.hjh.0000491839.42815.04

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Citations (2)

NO concentration in the periendothelial area of the femoral artery of the dog measured in vivo.

PubMed (1998)

M Gerová S. V. Mesaros F Kristek M Kittová T. Malinski

.NO concentration was measured in the periendothelial area of the femoral artery by Malinski's porphyrinic .NO sensor in seven anaesthetized dogs. The basal concentration was 154.2 +/- 5.6 nM and two-minute intraarterial infusions of acetylcholine (3-4 micrograms/ml/min) or bradykinin (30-40 ng/ml/min) increased this value significantly to 204.3 +/- 16.4 and 266.5 +/- 16.4 nM (P < 0.01), respectively. Inhibition of .NO synthase by L-NAME (50 mg/kg) declined the basal .NO concentration only to 137.2 +/- 3.3 nM (P < 0.01). Subsequent administration of acetylcholine and bradykinin attenuated significantly the increase in .NO concentration. Surprisingly, both agonists still induced a significant increase of .NO concentration by 125.3 +/- 8.3 and 156.6 +/- 26.9 nM, respectively (P < 0.01). One of the possible explanations may be that besides arginine-citrulline plus the .NO pathway other sources of .NO could be involved in the high level of .NO after .NO synthase blockade by L-NAME.

Basal (medicine)

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Citations (23)

Long-term effect of losartan administration on blood pressure, heart and structure of coronary artery of young spontaneously hypertensive rats

Physiological Research (2009)

Romana Koprdová Martina Cebová F Kristek

Alterations in geometry and structure of coronary arteries have marked consequences on blood flow to the respective area. We evaluated long-term effect of losartan on blood pressure (BP), heart weight/body weight (HW/BW), geometry and structure of septal branch of coronary artery (RS) of young SHR and Wistar rats. Four-week-old Wistar rats and SHR were used. Losartan was administered (20 mg/kg/day) in drinking water by gavage for 5 weeks. BP was measured by plethysmographic method. Cardiovascular system was perfused with a fixative (120 mm Hg). RS was processed for electron microscopy. Wall thickness of intima + media (WT), inner diameter (ID), cross-sectional area of intima + media (CSA), volume densities (VD) of endothelial cells (EC), extracellular matrix (ECM) of intima, smooth muscle cells (SMC) and ECM of media were evaluated. BP of 4-week-old SHR did not differ from that of Wistar rats. BP, HW/BW, WT, CSA, WT/ID, CSAs of SMC, ECM of media were increased in 9-weekold SHR, whereas their VD and CSA of EC were decreased. Losartan administration decreased BP and HW/BW in both groups. Geometry of RS was affected only in SHR (reduction of WT, CSA, WT/ID and increased of ID, circumferential tension, VD and CSA of EC). Losartan administration reduced BP and myocardial mass in both groups and beneficially affected geometry and structure of coronary artery in SHR.

10.33549/physiolres.931528

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Citations (38)

Different effect of prazosin on functional and morphological cardiovascular parameters in wistar rats and SHR

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (2006)

R Koprdov M Cebov F Kristek J Török

10.1097/00149831-200605001-00143

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