Olinda Macêdo

Instituto Evandro Chagas

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Rita Catarina Medeiros Sousa

Instituto Evandro Chagas

Felipe Bonfim Freitas

Instituto Evandro Chagas

Talita Antônia Furtado Monteiro

Instituto Evandro Chagas

Igor Brasil Costa

Instituto Evandro Chagas

Iran Barros Costa

Instituto Evandro Chagas

Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira

Universidade Federal do Pará

Antônio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto

Universidade Federal do Pará

Eliane dos Santos França

Instituto Evandro Chagas

Amaury Bentes Cunha Freire

Instituto Evandro Chagas

Francisco Lúzio de Paula Ramos

Instituto Evandro Chagas

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Instituto Evandro Chagas

Ministério da Saúde

Universidade Federal do Pará

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Secretaria da Saúde

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz

Universidade do Estado do Pará

Fundação Saúde

Universidade de São Paulo

Universidade Federal de São Paulo

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Epidemiological risk factors associated with primary infection by Epstein–Barr virus in HIV-1-positive subjects in the Brazilian Amazon region

Scientific Reports (2021)

Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira Eliane dos Santos França Iran Barros Costa Igor Tenório Lima Amaury Bentes Cunha Freire

Abstract To identify the prevalence and risk factors for primary Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-positive adult treatment-naïve patients between January 2018 and December 2019 in a state of the Brazilian Amazon region. A total of 268 HIV-1 positive patients and 65 blood donors participated in the study. Epidemiological data were obtained from medical records and through a designed questionnaire. EBV infection was screened by the semiquantitative detection of anti-viral capsid antigen (VCA) EBV IgM and IgG, followed by molecular detection of the EBNA-3C gene. The plasma viral loads of HIV-1 and EBV were quantified using a commercial kit. The prevalence of primary coinfection was 7.12%. The associated risk factors were education level, family income, history of illicit drug use and sexually transmitted infections, homosexual contact and condom nonuse. Approximately 58.5% had late initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy, which influenced the risk of HIV-EBV 1/2 multiple infection (odds ratio (OR): 4.76; 95% CI 1.51–15.04) and symptom development (p = 0.004). HIV viral load was associated with patient age (OR: 2.04; 95% CI 2.01–2.07; p = 0.026) and duration of illicit drug use (OR: 1.57; 95% CI 1.12–2.22; p = 0.0548). EBV viral load was associated with younger age (OR: 0.82; 95% CI 0.79–1.03; p = 0.0579). The replication of both viruses was associated with symptom development (HIV = OR: 2.06; 95% CI 1.22–3.50; p = 0.0073; EBV = OR: 8.81; 95% CI 1–10; p = 0.0447). The prevalence of HIV/EBV coinfection was lower than that observed in other studies, and social vulnerability and promiscuous sexual behavior were associated risk factors. A long time of HIV-1 infection, without therapy, influenced the risk of coinfection and disease progression. The viral loads of both viruses may be associated with some epidemiological aspects of the population.

10.1038/s41598-021-97707-4

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Assessment of the Accuracy, Usability and Acceptability of a Rapid Test for the Simultaneous Diagnosis of Syphilis and HIV Infection in a Real-Life Scenario in the Amazon Region, Brazil

Diagnostics (2023)

Daniela Cristina Soares Luciano Chaves Franco Filho Herald Souza dos Reis Yan Corrêa Rodrigues Felipe Bonfim Freitas

We field-assessed the accuracy, acceptability, and feasibility of the SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo rapid diagnostic test in three groups: pregnant women, female sex workers (FSW), and men who have sex with men (MSM). Venous blood samples collected in the field were compared with the respective gold standard methods: SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo Treponemal Test versus FTA-abs (Wama brand) treponemal laboratory test for syphilis, and SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo Test versus the fourth generation Genscreen Ultra HIV Ag-Ag (Bio-Rad brand) laboratory test for HIV. From a total of 529 participants, 397 (75.1%) were pregnant women, 76 (14.3%) FSW and 56 (10.6%) MSM. Sensitivity and specificity parameters of HIV were 100.0% (95% CI: 82.35-100.0%) and 100.0% (95% CI: 99.28-100.0%), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity parameters found for TP antibody detection were 95.00% (95% CI: 87.69-98.62%) and 100.0% (95% CI: 98.18-100.0%), respectively. The SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo Test showed high acceptability among participants (85.87%) and health professionals (85.51%), as well as easy usability by professionals (91.06%). The usability of the SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo Test kit would not be a barrier to accessing rapid testing, if the product were incorporated into the list of health service supplies.

10.3390/diagnostics13040810

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Conjuntivite hemorrágica aguda, em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil, 1983

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo (1987)

Elisabeth de O. Santos Olinda Macêdo Maria de Lourdes Contente Gomes Célia Maria Nakauth

Foi feita investigação de natureza etiológica clínica e laboratorial durante uma epidemia de conjuntivite hemorrágica aguda (CHA), ocorrida em Cuiabá, MT durante os meses de dezembro de 1982 e fevereiro de 1983; atendidos 68 pacientes e colhidos espécimes da conjuntiva, orofaringe e soro. Em 28 pares de soros foram realizados testes de neutralização em tubos de cultura de tecidos para o enterovirus 70 (EV 70) e fixaço do complemento para os adenovirus. Os resultados revelaram conversão sorológica de 89,3% (25 pares de soro) para o EV 70. A Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Mato Grosso estima que aproximadamente 70% da população tenha sido atingida durante o surto. Não foram observadas evidências de comprometimento neurológico em pacientes de conjuntivite, durante ou logo após o surto.

10.1590/s0036-46651987000100008

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Conjuntivite hemorrágica aguda causada pela variante do coxsackievirus A24, em Belém, Pará, Brasil, 1987

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo (1989)

Elisabeth de O. Santos Olinda Macêdo Maria de Lourdes Contente Gomes Célia Maria Nakauth

Durante um surto de conjuntivite hemorrágica aguda (CHA), ocorrido em Belém, Pará, Brasil, em 1987, foi feita investigação etiológica clínica e laboratorial, atendidos 83 pacientes e colhidos espécimes da conjuntiva, orofaringe e soro. Na linhagem celular HEP-2 obteve-se 73 isolamentos de um enterovírus posteriormente identificado pelo Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Geórgia, USA, como sendo uma variante do coxsackievirus A24. Em 56 pares de soro foram realizados testes de neutralização para o EV70 e para a cepa isolada, tendo havido 57% (32) de conversão sorológica para essa última.

Throat

10.1590/s0036-46651989000300008

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Brazilian Network for HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance: a survey of individuals recently diagnosed with HIV

Journal of the International AIDS Society (2009)

Lilian A. Inocêncio Anderson Alvarenga Pereira Maria Cecília Araripe Sucupira José Carlos Couto-Fernandez Célia P Jorge

Use of antiretrovirals is widespread in Brazil, where more than 200,000 individuals are under treatment. Although general prevalence of primary antiretroviral resistance in Brazil is low, systematic sampling in large metropolitan areas has not being performed.The HIV Threshold Survey methodology (HIV-THS, WHO) was utilized, targeting Brazil's four major regions and selecting the six most populated state capitals: Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, Porto Alegre, Brasilia and Belem. We were able to sequence samples from 210 individuals with recent HIV diagnosis, 17 of them (8.1%) carrying HIV isolates with primary antiretroviral resistance mutations. Five, nine and four isolates showed mutations related to resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs), respectively. Using HIV-THS, we could find an intermediate level of transmitted resistance (5% to 15%) in Belem/Brasilia, Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Lower level of transmitted resistance (<5%) were observed in the other areas. Despite the extensive antiretroviral exposure and high rates of virologic antiretroviral failure in Brazil, the general prevalence of primary resistance is still low. However, an intermediate level of primary resistance was found in the four major Brazilian cities, confirming the critical need to start larger sampling surveys to better define the risk factors associated with transmission of resistant HIV.

HIV drug resistance

Antiretroviral treatment

10.1186/1758-2652-12-20

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Citations (87)

Acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis caused by coxsackievirus A24 (variant), in Belém, Pará, Brazil, 1987

Elisabeth de O. Santos Olinda Macêdo Maria de Lourdes Contente Gomes Célia Maria Nakauth

Coxsackievirus

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First detection of a human astrovirus type 8 in a child with diarrhea in Belém, Brazil: comparison with other strains worldwide and identification of possible three lineages

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (2007)

Yvone Benchimol Gabbay Alexandre C. Linhares Darleise de Souza Oliveira Lilian S Nakamura Joana D’Arc Pereira Mascarenhas

This study describes the genetic relationships of the first human astrovirus type-8 (HAstV-8) detected in Belém-Brazil, during a public hospital-based study.This strain was compared with other HAstV-8 strains identified elsewhere which have sequences available at GeneBank.The regions ORF1a (primers Mon348/Mon340) and ORF2 (primers Mon269/Mon270) were analyzed by nucleotide sequencing and a high similarity rate was observed among the Belém strain and other HAstV-8 strains.In ORF1a, homology values of 93-100% were detected, and in ORF2 96-99%.Considering the sequence variation (7%) observed in ORF2 region, it was suggested that HAstV-8 strains could be divided in three different lineages.

Astrovirus

Homology

Strain (injury)

Genetic similarity

10.1590/s0074-02762007005000032

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Citations (17)

Echovirus 30 associated with cases of aseptic meningitis in state of Pará, Northern Brazil

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (2009)

Ceyla Maria Oeiras de Castro Darleise de Souza Oliveira Olinda Macêdo Maria José L Lima Marquete B. Santana

Investigation of the aetiology of viral meningitis in Brazil is most often restricted to cases that occur in the Southern and Southeastern Regions; therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe the viral meningitis cases that occurred in state of Pará, Northern Brazil, from January 2005-December 2006. The detection of enterovirus (EV) in cerebrospinal fluid was performed using cell culture techniques, RT-PCR, nested PCR and nucleotide sequencing. The ages of the 91 patients ranged from < one year old to > 60 years old (median age 15.90 years). Fever (87.1%), headache (77.0%), vomiting (61.5%) and stiffness (61.5%) were the most frequent symptoms. Of 91 samples analyzed, 18 (19.8%) were positive for EV. Twelve were detected only by RT- PCR followed by nested PCR, whereas six were found by both cell culture and RT-PCR. From the last group, five were sequenced and classified as echovirus 30 (Echo 30). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Echo 30 detected in Northern Brazil clustered within a unique group with a bootstrap value of 100% and could constitute a new subgroup (4c) according to the phylogenetic tree described by Oberste et al. (1999). This study described the first molecular characterization of Echo 30 in Brazil and this will certainly contribute to future molecular analyses involving strains detected in other regions of Brazil.

Echovirus

Aseptic meningitis

Viral meningitis

Etiology

10.1590/s0074-02762009000300008

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Avaliação da infecção pelo Vírus do Papiloma Humano (HPV) em uma comunidade da Amazônia Brasileira [Pôster]

Rodrigo Vellasco Duarte Silvestre Joana da Felicidade Ribeiro Favacho Olinda Macêdo Wyller Alencar de Mello

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Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) Genotypes Associated with the Immunopathological Profile of People Living with HIV-1: Immunological Aspects of Primary EBV Infection

Viruses (2022)

Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira Eliane dos Santos França Iran Barros Costa Igor Tenório Lima Amaury Bentes Cunha Freire

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunological profile of adult HIV-1+ patients coinfected with primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection who were free of antiretroviral drugs and inhabitants of the Brazilian Amazon region.Primary EBV infection was screened by the semiquantitative detection of IgM and IgG anti-VCA. Genotypes were determined by conventional PCR. EBV and HIV viral load (VL) were quantified by real-time PCR. Cytokine dosage and cell quantification were performed by cytometry.Only HIV-1+ individuals had primary EBV infection (7.12%). The EBV-1 genotype was the most prevalent (47.37%). The VL of HIV-1 was lower in the HIV/EBV-2 group. CD4+ T lymphocytes were inversely proportional to the VL of EBV in HIV/EBV-1/2 multi-infected patients. The HIV/EBV-2 group had the lowest cytokine levels, especially IFN-γ and IL-4. Different correlations were proposed for each coinfection. The late search for specific care related to HIV infection directly affected the cytokine profile and the number of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Symptoms were associated with the increase in VL of both viruses and cytokine profile.Different immunological profiles were associated with EBV genotypes in primary infection, with EBV-2 being more frequent in patients with low levels of HIV viral load. With late infection monitoring and consequent delay in the initiation of HAART, clinical changes and effects on the maintenance of the immune response were observed.

10.3390/v14020168

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Citations (7)