Oscar Bravo

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

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Diego Fernando Hernández

Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Hernan Dario Mantilla

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

Henry Arias

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

Leonardo Alippio

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

Juan Puerta

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

Jefferson Mateus

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

Iván Nieto

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

Jenny Carvajal

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

C Gómez-Flores

Alexander López

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

Cooperative Institutions

Ecopetrol (Colombia)

Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Chapingo Autonomous University

Mexican Institute of Petroleum

Instituto Colombiano del Petróleo y Energías de la Transición - Icpet

Halliburton (United Kingdom)

Industrial University of Santander

National Oncologic Institute

Baxter (Colombia)

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Wellbore Stability Analysis for Ecopetrol’s Onshore Wells

Henry Arias Jefferson Mateus Hernan Dario Mantilla Edwin Sánchez Juan Puerta

Wellbore

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Estructura y composición florística de los bosques de Quercus del Volcán Sanganguey, Nayarit, México

Botanical Sciences (2020)

Oscar Bravo José López García Arturo Sánchez‐González

Antecedentes: El conocimiento de la estructura de la vegetación y de los factores ambientales relacionados con su distribución, es fundamental para establecer estrategias de manejo y conservación. En México existen amplias regiones sin este tipo de estudios, como el volcán Sanganguey, Nayarit. Preguntas: ¿Qué asociaciones vegetales se desarrollan en el Sanganguey? ¿qué especies tienen importancia estructural y cuáles variables ambientales se relacionan con su distribución? Especies de estudio: Árboles y arbustos de importancia estructural. Sitio y años de estudio: Asociaciones vegetales del Sanganguey en un periodo anual. Métodos: Se establecieron 20 parcelas de 2,500 m2 cada una para el muestreo del estrato arbóreo y 20 subparcelas de 25 m2 cada una para el estrato arbustivo en el Sanganguey (1,500-2,340 m snm). Se estimo área basal, cobertura, densidad y valor de importancia de las especies. Además, se calculó la semejanza florística entre asociaciones y la relación asociaciones-factores ambientales, por medio de análisis de agrupamiento y correspondencia canónica. Resultados: Se identificaron 154 especies de plantas vasculares y nueve asociaciones: Q . urbanii - Alnus jorullensis , Quercus aristata - Q . glaucoides , Q . calophylla , Q . castanea - Q . convallata , Q . laeta , Q . obtusata - Pinus devoniana , Q . obtusata - Q . rugosa , Q . praeco - Q . castanea , y Q . salicifolia-Q . magnoliifolia . La altitud, pendiente, predregosidad y materia orgánica fueron las variables más relacionadas con su distribución. Conclusiones: La composición, estructura y distribución de los bosques de Quercus del Sanganguey está relacionada con la alta heterogeneidad ambiental a lo largo del gradiente de altitud. La riqueza específica y en asociaciones vegetales la resaltan como área de interés estatal.

10.17129/botsci.2490

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Measuring organizational resilience: Tracing disruptive events facing unconventional oil and gas enterprise performance in the Americas

Energy Research & Social Science (2021)

Oscar Bravo Diego Fernando Hernández

Resilience

10.1016/j.erss.2021.102187

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Methodology for Energy Consume Optimization with a High GHG Reduction Emissions, Application in the Largest Colombian Oil Field

SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability (2020)

Jorge Andres Sachica Avila Oscar Bravo Jairo Gerardo Flores Diaz Iván Nieto Jacobo Lopez

Abstract Global warming is one of the most serious environmental, social and economic threats currently facing the planet, so many companies and organizations have generated a strategic approach to combat it. One of the most efficient strategies is the reduction of energy consumption, which not only positively affects the reduction of fuel consumption, but also shows improvements in both financial and technological efficiency. This project allowed to create an analysis methodology applicable in the oil and gas industry, in whose process of analysis, important alternatives for optimization of energy consumption are detected, which contribute to the Greenhouse Gas Emission balance (GHG), a fundamental theme of Sustainability Worldwide. This methodology was applied in the field of higher production of hydrocarbons currently in Colombia, whose energy consumption is significant at the national level. The methodology included activities to measure energy consumption per well, coupled with a rigorous financial analysis that allowed the evaluation and selection of candidate wells for different optimization actions. As a result, technically applicable actions were obtained for the reduction of energy consumption, which were classified under an analysis of expected net present value and investment efficiency.

Consumption

Investment

10.2118/199433-ms

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Critical factors for unconventional hydrocarbon resources development

CT&F - Ciencia Tecnología y Futuro (2021)

Oscar Bravo Diego Fernando Hernández

Countries all over the world struggle to exploit their Unconventional Hydrocarbon Resources (UHR) to secure energy supply, but only a few of them have succeeded. Regulators and decision-makers should understand the critical factors required for companies to attract capital, technology, and good practices to promote innovation and generate the virtuous cycle that translates into sustainable production. This study seeks to identify the most relevant factors for UHR commercial development. We assessed the UHR exploiting state in 60 countries and identified the critical common development factors for the 22 that are most active. The proposed Unconventional Hydrocarbon Development Index (UDI) allows to model, rank, benchmark, and forecast UHR development activity for any given country. We focused on the case of Colombia to illustrate the validity of this Index. Evidence suggests countries where National Oil Companies (NOCs) address the challenge of exploiting UHR on their own, may lack the required expertise, despite having governmental support and capital availability. It is easier for them to emulate resilient North American firms exploiting UHR by partnering with them to effectively incorporate best practices Governments can facilitate the process through UHR support, surface and subsurface risk reduction, a proper tax regime, and ESG practice promotion.

Promotion (chess)

Benchmark (surveying)

Best practice

Capital (architecture)

10.29047/01225383.253

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Risk Management Strategies Required for Unconventional Oil and Gas Exploration and Development in Latin America

Oscar Bravo Diego Fernando Hernández

Abstract Lack of information, ambiguity, uncertainty and differing risk perceptions among stakeholders have generated an atmosphere of distrust that hinders unconventional oil and gas (UOG) exploration and development E&P. The objective of this paper is to identify the risk management strategies required by E&P companies focused on UOG to control and communicate operational, HSSE and social uncertainties. Firms should use the proper risk management tools and communication strategies to effectively cope with uncertainties and generate trust to obtain the Social License to Operate (LTO). Operational risk management, resilience, antifragility and the Risk Governance Framework, with a focus on effective communication, are key to generate long-term confidence, a requirement for situations characterized by uncertainty, complexity, or ambiguity. The authors update the general matrix for risk management strategy considering the uncertainty category, with the inclusion of antifragility, as a management strategy in pursuing opportunities. An analysis of key uncertainties, taking into account social factors and mitigation plans to control such uncertainties and satisfy stakeholder perceptions is presented. This holistic risk assessment approach incorporates results from interviews and observations of top industry performers in Latin America to identify best practices successfully implemented by those companies to counter ambiguity. To facilitate its implementation, the authors propose a comprehensive five-step risk management process. We conclude that E&P companies can effectively mitigate operational, HSSE and social risks by incorporating strict regulation compliance, leading edge technologies, best practices in operations, engagement with stakeholders, effective communication and direct community investment. Moreover, together with an antifragility approach, that incorporates optionality, hormesis, nuanced risk-taking and redundancy, it is possible for companies to capture the underlying opportunities within uncertainty and position them to adapt and grow. By applying these novel approaches for risk management, we hope to increase visibility regarding the convenience of hydraulic fracturing and provide firms with more reliable risk management practices to facilitate the obtainment of the LTO.

Stakeholder Engagement

10.2118/199430-ms

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Composición florística del Ejido de Sayulita, Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit, México: Un análisis espacial

Revista Bio Ciencias (2013)

Oscar Bravo C Gómez-Flores A R Márquez-González

El presente estudio es una aportacion al conocimiento de la vegetacion del estado de Nayarit, Mexico, que permite conocer los recursos arboreos y arbustivos del ejido de Sayulita, municipio de Bahia de Banderas, que sus resultados sirvan de fuente de informacion actualizada y para futuras estrategias de aprovechamiento y/o conservacion de la biodiversidad de esta region, que con el impulso del desarrollo turisticos han quedado marginados como elementos estrategicos que sustentan la riqueza paisajistica, climatica, hidrica, edafica, entre otros. El objetivo del trabajo fue caracterizar la composicion floristica y describir las asociaciones vegetales con esquemas fisonomicos semirrealistas, danserogramas y listado general de la flora en un total de 21 parcelas de muestreo. En cada parcela se determino la estratificacion por altura, la cobertura y composicion floristica, obteniendose el Indice de Similitud de Sorensen, para conocer la diversidad de cada parcela estudiada se realizo el calculo del Indice de Simpson. Resalto la diversidad de la familia Fabaceae (12 generos y 14 especies) con un total de 67 especies que componen el listado floristico del area analizada.

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Geomechanical Behaviour of Loro-Acaé Block in Putumayo Basin

Henry Arias Oscar Bravo Hernan Dario Mantilla Jefferson Mateus Leonardo Alippio

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