Background: Acclimatization is the last stage of tissue culture that aims to adapt plantlets to environmental conditions. Nutrient availability needs to be considered in this critical phase. This research was conducted to determine the right type of organic manure and AMF dose to support the post-acclimatization growth of banana cv. Barangan. Methods: The study using a completely randomized design (CRD) based on factorial with two treatment factors. The first factor is the type of organic manures: goat manure, cow manure, vermicompost and compost. The second factor is AMF doses: 0, 5, 10, 15 g/plant. Observed variables include the plant height, the pseudo-stem diameter, leaf number, leaf length and width and the percentage of mycorrhiza infections at the plant roots. Result: The results showed an interaction between the type of organic manure and AMF dosage at the leaf length and width, but not on the plant height, the pseudo-stem diameter and leaf number. The application of various organic manures types has a significant effect on the plant height, the pseudo-stem diameter, leaf length and width, but no significant effect on the leaf number. The application of various doses of AMF has no significant impact on all of the observed variables.
The use of inorganic pesticides result in residues of pesticides in the environment. Mojogedang is an area that has implemented a system of organic farming but also there are farmers who apply chemical pesticides. Pesticides are commonly used by farmers in Mojogedang causing residues, such as organophosphate. Organophosphates contains the active ingredient with a relatively long persistence in the environment and dangerous that it needs a study to investigate the organophosphate residues. The aims of this research to study the level of organophosphate residue and their exposure to soil properties in a variety of land uses in Mojogedang (paddy field, dryland, community forest). This study to analize organic-C, pH, soil texture, total microbia and organophosphate residues including diazinon, parathion, profenofos, ethion, chlorpyrifos, malathion. Data was analized statistically using correlation analysis. Results of this study show that all residue consentration of organophosphate residues active ingredients in organic paddy field soil, inorganic paddy field soil, dryland soil, community forest soil less than maximum residue limits (MRL) 0,05 mg/kg. Residue levels of horticultural dryland with profenofos active ingredient more than MRL (62,060 mg/kg) while the other active ingredient less than MRL. Soil texture is a soil property which closely correlate with organophosphate residues in the soil (sand fraction r = -0,601, dust fraction r = -0,658, clay fraction = -0,509).
Abstract The need for rice as a staple food continues to increase, increasing the demand for land. However, the soil’s availability of nutrients is decreasing due to inappropriate and excessive use of chemical fertilizers, causing soil degradation. Green fertilizer is an effective effort to reduce excessive use of chemical fertilizers. The research aims to determine the use of green manure in influencing the availability of phosphorus and potassium nutrients. The research was conducted on Vertisols in Weru District, Sukoharjo Regency. The research was carried out using experimental methods. There were 10 treatments with 3 replications (A: Control; B: NPK Fertilizer 200 kg/ha; C: Straw 10 Tons/ha; D: Kirinyuh 10 Tons/ha; E: Water spinach 10 Tons/ha; F: Water Hyacinth 10 Tons/ha; G: NPK 100 kg/ha + Straw 5 Tons/ha; H: NPK 100 kg/ha + Kirinyuh 5 Tons/ha; I: NPK 100 kg/ha + Water spinach 5 Tons/ha; J: NPK 100 kg/ha + Water Hyacinth 5 Tons/ha). The results show that green manure affects the availability of phosphorus and potassium nutrients. Kirinyuh fertilizer (5-10 tons/ha) gives the highest results in providing phosphorus and potassium nutrients in Vertisols. Using green fertilizers can offset chemical fertilizers by increasing the availability of phosphorus and potassium nutrients.
<p>Komoditas lokal yang diunggulkan dari Kecamatan Jenawi adalah pisang dan telah banyak dipasarkan di daerah Surakarta. Produksi pisang harus diimbangi dengan pemenuhan bibit yang memadai. Penggunaan bibit pisang dari kultur jaringan dapat diperoleh hasil yang memenuhi standar kuantitas maupun kualitas. Bibit pisang hasil kultur jaringan bersifat seragam, lebih resisten hama maupun penyakit, dan dapat disediakan bibit dalam jumlah cukup banyak setiap saat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini melibatkan dua mitra, yaitu Kelompok Tani (KT) Lawu Makmur dan KT Subur Makmur di wilayah Desa Lempong, Kecamatan Jenawi, Kabupaten Karanganyar. Kegiatan dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan bulan Oktober 2019. Beberapa jenis pisang yang disiapkan untuk pengembangan antara lain kultivar Rajabulu, Barangan, Mas Kirana, dan Kepok. Metode kegiatan dilakukan dengan melibatkan petani secara langsung, baik dalam pertemuan-pertemuan teknis maupun dalam praktik langsung di lapangan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi; penyiapan bibit pisang, koordinasi dengan mitra, sosialisasi hasil kultur jaringan, dan penyuluhan budidaya pisang dengan bibit hasil kultur jaringan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa penyiapan bibit pisang hasil kultur jaringan dapat dilakukan dengan baik. Sosialisasi dan penyuluhan budidaya pisang dengan bibit hasil kutur jaringan dapat terlaksana dan diikuti oleh petani dari kelompok tani mitra. Hasil akhir kegiatan petani dapat memperoleh pemahaman tentang bibit hasil kultur jaringan dan menggunakan bibit tersebut dalam budidaya.</p>
Soil quality is closely related to environment because soil is not only viewed as a growing media for plants but also encompasses various environmental and health functions. It is important to know the quality of soil in order to keep it healthy, productive, and optimally functioning. This research aims to evaluate soil quality status in various land uses and to learn the land factors that are related to soil quality. Soil quality index (SQI) represents the soil quality status. SQI will then be used as the basis for soil management. A descriptive explorative research study was carried out in the Giritontro Sub-district, Wonogiri District, Indonesia. SQI indicators were obtained from 12 existing Land Mapping Units (LMU). SQI was obtained by determining the Minimum Data Set (MDS) with a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) test. Then SQI was mapped and statistically analyzed to determine the influence of land use and the determinant factors of SQI. Results showed that SQI in all area is class 3 or moderate. SQI was significantly influenced by land use. SQI in paddy field is 9.09% higher than crop fields and 2.27% higher than of plantations. Indicators which are significantly related to SQI are bulk density, porosity, cation exchange capacity, available P, available K and microbial biomass carbon (MBC). The type of soil management that can be implemented to improve soil quality includes addition of organic or inorganic fertilizer and adoption of an agroforestry system.
The purpose of this research was to assess the condition of soil fertility and compare the soil fertility index in various rice field management systems. This research was conducted from July until December 2018 in the rice fields of Girimarto District, Wonogiri Regency with a survey method and land sampling by purposive sampling (intentionally) at a depth of 0-20 cm rice fields with organic, semi-organic and conventional management systems. Soil samples were taken from 9 main points with 3 replications so that a total of 27 soil samples were obtained. The chemical properties of the soil tested by the laboratory are soil reaction (pH), Total Nitrogen (Total N), Available Phosphorus (Av-P), Available Potassium (Av-K), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Base Saturation (BS), Soil Oganic Carbon (SOC) and Aluminum Saturation (Al saturation). The results showed that three rice field management systems have the same soil fertility index criteria, which are medium. In organic rice fields that have implemented organic farming systems for 6 years, have a soil fertility index value of 0.630, semi-organic rice fields with a SFI value of 0.557 and also organic rice fields with a SFI value of 0.545. Soil fertility index of organic rice fields is significantly higher than that of semi-organic rice fields and conventional rice fields.
Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui ketahanan dan serapan azolla terhadap Kadmium (Cd) pada berbagai tinggi genangan air dan konsentrasi kadmium (Cd) di tanah Vertisol dan Entisol. Percobaan dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) tiga faktor yaitu jenis tanah (Vertisol dan Entisol), tinggi genangan air (0; 2; dan 7 cm), dan konsentrasi Cd (0; 0,1; 0,2; 0,4; dan 0,8 ppm), menggunakan Azolla microphiylla phillipine dan plot plastik ukuran diameter 15x15 cm diisi 200 g tanah. Sebanyak 1 g azolla disebarkan pada tiap pot dan diinkubasi 3 minggu. Tiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis tanah, tinggi genangan air, dan interaksi antar perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap ketahanan dan serapan Cd azolla, sedangkan konsentrasi Cd berpengaruh nyata. Kombinasi perlakuan antara tinggi genangan air 2 cm dan konsentrasi Cd 0,4 ppm memberikan hasil yang tertinggi terhadap serapan Cd azolla pada tanah Vertisol yaitu sebesar 5,717 µg/pot. Sedangkan pada tanah Entisol serapan Cd azolla yang tertinggi dicapai pada kombinasi perlakuan tinggi genangan air 7 cm dan konsentrasi Cd 0,8 ppm, yaitu sebesar 25,281 µg/pot. Kombinasi perlakuan yang memberikan ketahanan azolla paling baik adalah tinggi genangan air 7 cm dan konsentrasi Cd 0,4 ppm untuk tanah Vertisol, dan tinggi genangan air 0 cm konsentrasi Cd 0,2 ppm untuk tanah Entisol.
<em>Processing cow dung into organic fertilizer with additional biological agents is an effort to prevent environmental pollution due to agricultural waste. Sources of organic fertilizer materials have different nutrient content. Good quality organic fertilizer means that it has match the Organic Fertilizer Standards based on the Decree of Agriculture Minister Republic Indonesia Number 261/KPTS/SR.310/M/4/2019. This activity aims to determine the quality of the bio-agent organic fertilizer product produced by Perkumpulan Pertanian Organik Wonoagung Wonogiri (PPOWW) by analyzing its nutrient content. The activities carried out include an initial survey of partner conditions, preparation of materials, and analysis of fertilizers. The results show that the PPOWW management understands the mechanism of standard and how to carry out quality control on the organic fertilizers produced. The results of the analysis of the nutrient content of PPOWW organic fertilizer products are N-total 1.32%, P2O5 1.50%, K2O 2.24%, C-organic 23.09%, C/N ratio 17.55 and pH 8.27 which have met the quality standards of organic fertilizers and biological fertilizers. The addition of biological agents in the process of making organic fertilizers is proven to improve the quality of fertilizers.</em>
The Effect of Industry Waste in Josroyo, Karanganyar to Copper (Cu) Concentration in Water and Top Soil of Pungkuk Ditch . The purpose of this research was to know the effect of industry waste water distance in Jaten – Karanganyar on Cu concentration in the water and soils at Pungkuk Waterworks, also to know Cu concentration on that waterworks. The kind of this research was explorative research. The independent variable was treatment of take some water and soils sample at 0 km, 0.5 km and 1 km distance from pollutant source at Pungkuk Waterworks and control. The result showed that distance where farther can because concentration Cu concentration change in the soils were heightening but can because Cu concentration change was descending. The heightening of Cu concentration change in the soils was effect of Cu acumulation in the soils. The descending of Cu in the water because precipitation of water Cu and. The value of water pH was influenced by water EMC value. From sample analysis result showed that there was not dirtied of heavy metal especially Cu (between 0.094 – 0.122 ppm). Keyword: Cuprum, Industry waste
Abstract. Suntoro S, Herdiansyah G, Widijanto H, Wardhana HR, Tjahjanto AD, Puspitasari C, Julianto EA, Maroeto. 2024. Influence of local potential plant biodiversity as green manure on soil total N, N uptake, and chlorophyll content of rice plants. Biodiversitas 25: 1655-1662. Continuous use of chemical fertilizers in the agricultural sector causes several problems. One of several solutions that can be offered is using green manure, which could restore soil fertility and be way more sustainable for the environment. A few criteria for plants to be made into green manure are having a fast decomposition process and a low C/N ratio. This research aims to discover local potential green manure based on nutrient content and response to rice plants' soil total N, N uptake, and chlorophyll content. This research used the experiment method with a single factor Randomized Completely Block Design. There were 10 treatments with 3 replications, namely P0: control; P1: NPK 200 kg/ha; P2: Rice straw 10 tons/ha; P3: Chromolaena 10 tons/ha; P4: Ipomoea 10 tons/ha; P5: Eichhornia 10 tons/ha; P6: NPK 100 kg/ha + Rice straw 5 tons/ha; P7: NPK 100 kg/ha + Chromolaena 5 tons/ha; P8: NPK 100 kg/ha + Ipomoea 5 tons/ha; P9: NPK 100 kg/ha + Eichhornia 5 tons/ha. The results showed that Chromolaena, Ipomoea, and Eichhornia have the potential to be developed as green manure because they have high N nutrient content and low C/N ratio. These three green manures can balance the NPK fertilizer and significantly increase soil total-N content, N uptake, and chlorophyll levels in rice plants. They also provide N nutrients, N uptake, and chlorophyll levels in rice plants.
