The purpose of the present study was to obtain current information regarding periodontal diseases. The study was conducted in Israel among ninth to twelth grade students, 14 to 18 years of age, residing in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv and Ramat Gan. A total of 725 school children were examined. During the examination only periodontal status was checked. Periodontal status was recorded according to Russell's Periodontal Index (PI). The mean PI found was 0.52. The results indicate an increase in the mean PI with age. Significant difference was found in the mean PI values between girls and boys. Girls constantly scored lower mean PI values than boys. No significant differences were found in the mean PI scores when studied according to country of origin.
Abstract Background Several studies have addressed gender differences in stroke. Yet, results are diverse, and research is still required in different populations. So, this study investigates variation in stroke according to gender in a developing country. Methods This is a registry-based, retrospective observational cross-sectional study comparing men and women as regards age, risk factors, stroke severity, quality of services, and stroke outcome. Results Data analyzed comprised 4620 patients. It was found that men outnumbered women, while women had an older age, more prevalence of hypertension and atrial fibrillation, with severer strokes and worse outcomes. However, there was no gender difference in promptness nor frequency of administration of revascularization therapies. Conclusion Despite the gender difference in risk factors and stroke severity, we could not detect any significant disparity in acute stroke services provided to either gender. Among age categories in women, we identified differences in acute ischemic stroke subtypes, and acute management in favor of older age.
Background High-quality data on time of stroke onset and time of hospital arrival is required for proper evaluation of points of delay that might hinder access to medical care after the onset of stroke symptoms. Purpose Based on (SITS Dataset) in Egyptian stroke patients, we aimed to explore factors related to time of onset versus time of hospital arrival for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Material and methods We included 1,450 AIS patients from two stroke centers of Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. We divided the day to four quarters and evaluated relationship between different factors and time of stroke onset and time of hospital arrival. The factors included: age, sex, duration from stroke onset to hospital arrival, type of management, type of stroke (TOAST classification), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) on admission and favorable outcome modified Rankin Scale (mRS ≤2). Results Pre-hospital: highest stroke incidence was in the first and fourth quarters. There was no significant difference in the mean age, sex, type of stroke in relation to time of onset. NIHSS was significantly less in onset in third quarter of the day. Percentage of patients who received thrombolytic therapy was higher with onset in the first 2 quarters of the day (p = <0.001). In-hospital: there was no difference in percentage of patients who received thrombolytic therapy nor in outcome across 4 quarters of arrival to hospital. Conclusion Pre-hospital factors still need adjustment to improve percentage of thrombolysis, while in-hospital factors showed consistent performance.
Accurate data on the epidemiology of stroke in Egypt is scarce. The aim of this review is to address this issue based on available community-based studies and compare the resulting findings to those of other regional and international studies.A systematic literature search was conducted to identify population-based epidemiological studies of stroke in Egyptians. Original articles published in English between 1990 and 2016 were included. Five studies from five different governorates in southern Egypt fulfilled the study criteria (Qena, Sohag, Assiut, New Valley and Red Sea).The mean and median crude prevalence rates (CPRs) across the five studies, which were conducted in southern Egypt were 721.6/100,000 and 655/100,000, respectively. The mean and median crude incidence rates (CIRs) were 187/100,000 and 180.5/100,000, respectively. The average CPR weighted by sample population size was 613/100,000 and the average CIR weighted by sample population size was 202/100,000.The incidence and prevalence of stroke in Egypt are high. More population-based studies are urgently needed in northern Egypt and in Cairo - the capital of Egypt.
Headache is considered a common health problem affecting physicians during Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic and has direct impact on their productivity. Wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), stress and lack of sleep are common factors affecting their headache.Out of 165 participants, 38(23%) experienced new onset headache. Participants using Combined Face and eye PPE usage were at higher risk of developing headache compared to single PPE users, Participants wearing face shield were at higher risk of developing headache compared to eyewear non users.COVID-19 hospital's physicians may experience new-onset headache or change in their previously existing headache, mostly disposed by PPE eyewear and combined face and eye PPE.
Abstract Background Dysphagia is a common symptom among various neurological diseases. Guidelines recommend gastrostomy insertion for prolonged dysphagia with lower rate of intervention failure encountered with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) as compared to nasogastric tube insertion. Methods Neurology consultants only were included and completed a self-administered questionnaire concerning their practice backgrounds and previous experience with PEG feeding during their practice. Results Ninety-eight percent stated that they would recommend PEG for patients with prolonged need of nasogastric feeding. However, only 88% actually referred patients to perform PEG, with the cerebrovascular disorders being the most common cases to be referred. The main barriers the surveyed neurologists faced were family resistance and financial reasons (53.5%). Interestingly, younger neurologists practicing for less than 15 years referred patient to perform PEG significantly more frequent than older ones ( p = 0.01). About 18% of our sample confirmed the lack of sufficient knowledge about the benefits of PEG feeding, and only 22% previously attended scientific sessions about the benefits and indications of PEG. Conclusion Based on our study, we recommend that PEG should be more encouraged in indicated neurological cases. Scientific sessions targeting neurologists and public awareness about the benefits of PEG and its relatively infrequent complications are highly demanded.
Abstract Background The use of a distal cerebral protection device during extracranial carotid artery stenting is still a matter of debate. The aim of this work was to evaluate the safety of performing carotid artery stenting procedure without the use of cerebral protection device in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis. A retrospective study was performed during the period from September 2015 till March 2020 including 91 patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. All patients were treated with a single stent type (Wall stent® - Boston scientific) without the use of cerebral protection device. Pre- and post-procedural clinical assessment with the national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS). Post procedure brain diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) if clinically indicated within 24 h was used to determine periprocedural cerebral embolization. Results A low complication rate was found as only one case (1%) showed mild deterioration in NIHSS and new acute cerebral emboli were detected with brain DW-MRI. Conclusion Carotid artery stenting can be performed safely without the use of cerebral protection device.