Sulfur-containing compounds represent an important class of chemical compounds due to their wide range of biological and pharmaceutical properties. Moreover, sulfur-containing compounds may be applied in other fields, such as biological, organic, and materials chemistry. Several studies on the activities of sulfur compounds have already proven their anti-inflammatory properties and use to treat diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and HIV. Moreover, examples of sulfur-containing compounds include dapsone, quetiapine, penicillin, probucol, and nelfinavir, which are important drugs with known activities.This review will focus on the synthesis and application of some sulfur-containing compounds used to treat several diseases, as well as promising new drug candidates.Due to the variety of compounds containing C-S bonds, we have reviewed the different synthetic routes used toward the synthesis of sulfur-containing drugs and other compounds.
Functionalization of 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole (BTD) with thiols at C‐5 position remains low explored. Moreover, the arylthiol‐substitutions at this position are also unexplored and can not be found by a S N 2 or S N 1 reaction. In this sense, herein we present a new palladium‐catalyzed methodology for a wide variety of unpublished 5‐arylsulfanyl‐benzo‐2,1,3‐thiadiazole derivatives synthesis with moderate to high yields using a low catalytic loading of Pd( L ‐Pro) 2 as low‐coast, and efficient catalyst in low reaction time. Besides, we concluded that the pKa of thiol species has an important role in this catalysis, mainly in the CMD like catalytic cyclo process, which strongly interferes in the reaction yields. Furthermore, arylsulfanyl‐benzo‐2,1,3‐thiadiazoles derivatives have been assessed ( in vitro ) as potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
Abstract A simple and convenient route for the synthesis of thia‐Michael products was established using pyrazol‐5(4 H )‐one with various thiophenols in the presence of [Zn( L ‐Pro) 2 ],an efficient catalyst under mild reaction conditions. The salient features of this methodology are good yields, eco‐friendly catalyst, low catalyst loading and faster reaction times.
The efficacy of 5-((4-methoxyphenyl)thio)benzo[c][1,2,5] thiodiazole (MTDZ) in mitigating paclitaxel (PTX)-induced peripheral neuropathy was investigated in male and female Swiss mice. The study examined the effects of MTDZ on various pathways, including transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), glutamatergic, nitrergic, guanylate cyclase (cGMP), serotonergic, and opioidergic. Mice received intraperitoneal PTX (2 mg/kg) or vehicle on days 1, 2, and 3, followed by oral MTDZ (1 mg/kg) or vehicle from days 3 to 14. Mechanical and thermal sensitivities were assessed using Von Frey and hot plate tests on days 8, 11, and 14. The open field test evaluated locomotion and exploration on day 12. On day 15, nitrite and nitrate (NOx) levels and Ca2+-ATPase activity in the cerebral cortex and spinal cord were measured after euthanizing the animals. MTDZ administration reversed the heightened mechanical and thermal sensitivities induced by PTX in male and female mice without affecting locomotion or exploration. MTDZ also modulated multiple pathways, including glutamatergic, NO/L-arginine/cGMP, serotonergic (5-HT1A/1B), opioid, and TRPV1 pathways. Additionally, MTDZ reduced NOx levels and modulated Ca2+-ATPase activity. In conclusion, MTDZ effectively alleviated PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy and demonstrated multi-targeted modulation of pain-related pathways. Its ability to modulate multiple pathways, reduce NOx levels, and modulate Ca2+-ATPase activity makes it a potential pharmacological candidate for peripheral neuropathy, acute nociceptive, and inflammatory conditions. Further research is needed to explore its therapeutic potential in these areas.
Drug delivery systems, or nanocarriers, are biocompatible materials that loaded with suitable bioactive compounds act as drug delivery systems.These materials have been widely studied in recent years, mainly due to characteristics such as biodegradability, nontoxicity and ease to adjust key features aiming a particular purpose.Thus, an overview on the fundamentals of nanotechnology focusing on the main types of nanocarriers is provided in this review article, presenting some definitions and concepts, and the characteristics that enable their use in the delivery of drugs to target cells as well.In addition, the challenges and future perspectives for drug delivery systems are also discussed.
Abstract A new and effective palladium catalyst supported on a magnesium organosilicate for application in the Heck reaction is presented. A group of compounds comprising 22 examples were synthesized in moderate to high yields (up to 99%) within a short time. The palladium supported on magnesium organosilicate catalyst was characterized as an amorphous solid by SEM, containing around 33% of palladium inside the solid, and even with this low quantity of palladium, the catalyst was very efficient in the Heck reaction. Besides, based on the Scherrer equation, the crystallite size of the synthesized palladium nanoparticles was ultrasmall (around 1.3 nm). This strategy is a simple and efficient route for the formation of C–C bonds via the Heck cross-coupling reaction.
With nickel(II), the potential ligand N',N',N''',N'''-tetraethyl-N,N''-pyridine-2,6dicarbonyl-bis(thiourea), H [tepytu] , H L, forms a neutral binuclear complex of the type 2 2 Ni L . The occurrence of a complex of this constitution was found in a 75%v/v 1,42 2 dioxane/water mixture. A geometry optimization in the gas phase was performed by ab-initio calculations at the B3LYP/SDD level of theory. It shows that the rigid pyridine-centered binuclear complex forms a central cavity in-between the pyridine, large enough to allow intermolecular interaction. * Institut fur Anorganische Chemie, Universitat Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. e-mail: beyinorg@chemie.uni-leipzig.de ** Centro de Investigacao em Quimica, Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal e-mail: bschrode@fc.up.pt Rev Soc Quim Peru. 74 (3) 2008