This chapter addresses the role of ancillary surgical procedures during kidney cancer surgery, namely the benefits and harms associated with lymphadenectomy and adrenalectomy. Curative treatment of renal cell carcinoma is primarily surgical via partial nephrectomy (removal of the tumor with preservation of the kidney) or total/radical nephrectomy (removal of the entire tumor-bearing kidney). The chapter also addresses a series of focused clinical questions that are addressed in a systematic fashion, including a comprehensive literature search, a rating of the quality of evidence, and an assessment of ratio of benefit and harm of a given treatment option. The clinical questions are: In patients with a renal tumor who are receiving nephrectomy, should retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy also be performed? and In patients with a renal tumor who are receiving nephrectomy, should ipsilateral adrenalectomy also be performed?
