Rini Chaturvedi

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

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Amit Sharma

International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Manju Rahi

Vector Control Research Centre

Jyoti Chhibber‐Goel

International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Praveen K. Bharti

National Institute of Malaria Research

Vitul Jain

International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Sumit Malhotra

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Kanika Verma

Chulalongkorn University

Payal Das

National Institute of Technology Durgapur

Anup Anvikar

National Institute of Malaria Research

Amit Sharma

Lady Hardinge Medical College

Cooperative Institutions

National Institute of Malaria Research

International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research

Indian Council of Medical Research

Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research

National Institute of Health and Family Welfare

National Institute for Research in Tribal Health

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Trends of neglected Plasmodium species infection in humans over the past century in India

One Health (2020)

Rini Chaturvedi Nimita Deora Deepam Bhandari Suhel Parvez Abhinav Sinha

Efforts for malaria elimination in India focus solely on the more prevalent human malaria parasites of

Plasmodium malariae

Plasmodium knowlesi

Plasmodium ovale

Plasmodium (life cycle)

10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100190

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Citations (16)

A perspective on SARS-CoV-2 and community transmission in the top COVID-19 affected nations

Journal of Global Health Reports (2021)

Rini Chaturvedi Jyoti Chhibber‐Goel Sumit Malhotra Amit Sharma

In most countries, during the initial months of the COVID-19 outbreak resources were directed to mitigation measures that prevented severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission from symptomatic individuals. The coverage of the pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals’ testing required intensive clinical sampling along with rigorous symptom-based screening. Based on the SARS-CoV-2 transmission, the disease outbreak across nations was divided into four distinct stages: (i) epidemic, (ii) community transmission, (iii) local transmission, and (iv) imported cases. Here we discuss the COVID-19 community transmission stage for the top ten COVID-19 affected nations. Epidemic dynamics and policies implemented to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection varied globally. Further, the mitigation strategies and related health policies for dealing with the pandemic were based on the stages of transmission of the disease. We suggest that correctly identifying the transmission stage during a pandemic ensures the implementation of mitigation strategies. Thus prompt analysis of the status of COVID-19 transmission stage(s) in any nation seems crucial to direct health policies accordingly.

Pandemic

10.29392/001c.27141

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Citations (1)

Geographical spread and structural basis of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine drug-resistant malaria parasites

International Journal for Parasitology (2021)

Rini Chaturvedi Jyoti Chhibber‐Goel Ishika Verma Sreehari Gopinathan Suhel Parvez

DHPS

Sulfadoxine

Dihydropteroate synthase

10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.12.011

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Citations (34)

Cytomorphological features as predictors of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma

CytoJournal (2018)

Saniya Sharma Nalini Gupta Navneet Singh Rini Chaturvedi Digambar Behera

Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive (EGFR-p) lung adenocarcinomas are sensitive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Although histopathological subtype is an independent predictor of mutation status, there is a paucity of data on the cytomorphological features correlating with the EGFR mutation status. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether certain cytomorphological features correlate with EGFR mutation in lung adenocarcinoma.A retrospective analysis of 48 lung adenocarcinoma cases diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology with known EGFR mutation status was conducted. All cytology smears with cellblock sections were reviewed. The cytomorphological features including tumor pattern, stromal features, nuclear and cytoplasmic features, and tumor grade were evaluated. Clinicoradiological features such as age, sex, smoking, tumor size, clinical stage, metastases, and presence of mass, nodule, lymphadenopathy, pleural effusion, and clinical outcome were also assessed.Of 48 cases, 19 were EGFR-p and 29 were negative. EGFR-p cases showed a positive and significant correlation with flat monolayered sheets and acini, mild nuclear atypia, fine chromatin and smooth nuclear margins and these tumors were well differentiated. EGFR-negative tumors were moderate to poorly differentiated with predominance of solid clusters, moderate to marked nuclear atypia, with irregular nuclear margins and coarse chromatin. Clinically, female sex, nonsmoking status, smaller tumor size, and good clinical outcome correlated with EGFR-p status.Certain cytomorphological features correlate with and may suggest EGFR mutation status in advanced lung adenocarcinoma in an appropriate clinical context.

Nuclear atypia

Atypia

10.4103/cytojournal.cytojournal_45_17

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Citations (7)

Epidemiological profiles of SARS-CoV and SARS-Cov-2 in Singapore and its promising containment strategies

Journal of Global Health (2021)

Rini Chaturvedi S. K. Malhotra Amit Sharma

2019-20 coronavirus outbreak

Sars virus

Betacoronavirus

Coronavirus Infections

Containment (computer programming)

Pandemic

10.7189/jogh.11.03027

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Citations (3)

The threat of increased transmission of non-knowlesi zoonotic malaria in humans: a systematic review

Parasitology (2023)

Rini Chaturvedi Shibani Biswas Kanika Bisht Amit Sharma

Abstract Of the 5 human malarial parasites, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are the most prevalent species globally, while Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri are less prevalent and typically occur as mixed-infections. Plasmodium knowlesi , previously considered a non-human primate (NHP) infecting species, is now a cause of human malaria in Malaysia. The other NHP Plasmodium species, Plasmodium cynomolgi , Plasmodium brasilianum , Plasmodium inui , Plasmodium simium , Plasmodium coatneyi and Plasmodium fieldi cause malaria in primates, which are mainly reported in southeast Asia and South America. The non- knowlesi NHP Plasmodium species also emerged and were found to cross-transmit from their natural hosts (NHP) – to human hosts in natural settings. Here we have reviewed and collated data from the literature on the NHPs-to-human-transmitting non-knowlesi Plasmodium species. It was observed that the natural transmission of these NHP parasites to humans had been reported from 2010 onwards. This study shows that: (1) the majority of the non- knowlesi NHP Plasmodium mixed species infecting human cases were from Yala province of Thailand; (2) mono/mixed P. cynomolgi infections with other human-infecting Plasmodium species were prevalent in Malaysia and Thailand and (3) P. brasilianum and P. simium were found in Central and South America.

Plasmodium knowlesi

Plasmodium ovale

Plasmodium (life cycle)

Plasmodium malariae

10.1017/s003118202300077x

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Citations (2)

Mobile Phone Usage and Awareness of Health Related Issues Among the Male Science Students

Studies in sociology of science (2012)

Aanchal Vasudev Manmeet Kaur Harsh Kumar Rini Chaturvedi

The objective of this study was to understand the usage pattern of mobile phones nowadays by the male science students and to check whether they are aware of the fact that the various risk factors associated to their health are these cellular phones only. Cell phones are considered to be one of the most speedily emerging technologies in the human race especially in younger generation within a short span of time. Youth is more inclined towards using mobile phones for activities other than communication than older generation because in adolescent stage, people are more susceptible to changing fashion trends and style, building them more Tech savvy which creates certain behavioral disorders. The fame of the cell phones is followed by an alarm towards the detrimental effects of cell phone radiation. Fatigue, headache, decreased concentration and local irritation and burning are the major effects of excessive usage of cell phones, as stated by various researches. A descriptive survey design was used to extract answers to the questionnaires administrated to 10th, 11th and 12th standard male science students in the Kanpur city, Uttar Pradesh, a state in India. Opinion of 30 skilled physicians in the field of ENT, cardiology and IVF specialists were also taken. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study concludes that the use of mobile phones is quite common among the science students besides considering it as a status symbol; they treat it as their necessity of life. The crucial role played by parents, schools and the publicity due to advertisements gives a push to such adoption behavior. Key words: Mobile phones; Science students; Health; Parents

Mobile phone

10.3968/j.sss.1923018420120303.1997

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Citations (8)

India Needs to Consider Planning a Change to Artemether–Lumefantrine to Treat Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2022)

Manju Rahi Rini Chaturvedi Ritu Goswami Amit Sharma

ABSTRACT. As the malaria elimination target draws closer for India, it must be ensured that the country’s policies, strategies, and tools remain effective. Artemisinin-based combination therapies are the mainstay of Plasmodium falciparum malaria management. India has a differential standard therapy for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the form of artemether–lumefantrine in its northeastern states and artesunate + sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine in the rest of the country. The clinical failure of artesunate + sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine in the northeast regions was attributed primarily to parasite resistance resulting from mutations in the enzymes dihydropteroate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase. Artemether–lumefantrine was therefore substituted for artesunate + sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine in the region. The change has been a success, as evidenced by the therapeutic efficacy studies conducted at regular intervals in India. However, studies suggest that resistance may be emerging toward sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine in multiple parts of the nation. Hence, there is a possibility that the artesunate + sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine combination may be acting in part as a monotherapy, and this makes the longevity of the artesunate + sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine drug combination therapy uncertain. The increasing presence of drug-resistant mutants in P. falciparum dhps and dhfr genes suggests the need for a policy switch for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria from artesunate + sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine to artemether–lumefantrine.

Artesunate

Artemether/lumefantrine

Sulfadoxine

Lumefantrine

Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine

Artemether

DHPS

10.4269/ajtmh.21-1095

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Citations (9)

Transmission planning for Indian power grid: a mixed integer programming approach

International Transactions in Operational Research (1999)

Rini Chaturvedi

The paper presents a modeling framework to analyze some important issues associated with operation planning of a power system. Major activities involved in operations planning of large integrated power systems are considered simultaneously to ensure optimal utilization of generation and transmission capacity. The model also examines optimal transmission expansion plans vis-à-vis fuel supply issues. A mixed integer programming model is developed for this purpose and the Indian power system considered. Specific emphasis is on spatial transmission expansion plan for the existing Indian inter-state transmission grid and new transmission links, coordinated operation of the isolated regional grids and system benefits accruing from transmission expansion, enhanced fuel production and supply rescheduling to ensure efficient operation of various generating stations.

Power transmission

Power grid

Transmission system

10.1016/s0969-6016(99)00006-4

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Citations (21)

Epidemiology of rare bacterial, parasitic, and fungal pathogens in India

IJID Regions (2024)

Shweta Sharma Varun Krishnaswamy Rini Chaturvedi Amit Sharma

Rare human pathogens are infrequently observed clinically but can lead to undiagnosed infections, delays in treatment, and severe complications, including death. Traditional diagnostic tools cannot detect rare infections in routine public health settings. This study focuses on the incidence and outcomes of rare pathogenic microorganisms in India over thirteen years (2010-2022) using PubMed database to obtain epidemiological data on rare bacterial, parasitic, and fungi infections in hospitals throughout India. A total of 974 articles were screened using case studies, datasets, comments, classical articles, letters, editorials, observational studies, and meta-analyses. Our analysis identified 28 rare bacteria, six parasites, and five fungal species infections in India. Fatal cases were associated with rare bacterial and fungal infections, including two from pan-drug-resistant bacteria (both from the Myroides genus). Ten bacterial species displayed multi-drug resistance; one was extensively drug resistant, and eight remained unclassified. Of the 83 patients with these rare infections, the mortality was ∼8.4% (7 out of 83). Given drug resistance and high mortality, prompt diagnosis of rare pathogens is crucial to controlling their spread. An increased awareness within the Indian healthcare system focusing on diagnostics, record-keeping, and data sharing will be necessary to enhance surveillance.

10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100359

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Citations (0)