Maitreyee Nigalye

The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston

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Anoma Somasunderam

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Netanya S. Utay

The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Tanvir K. Bell

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Meena Sunil

Teerthanker Mahaveer University

Sophie Seang

Hôpital Pellegrin

Erik H. Mercado

National Legal Medicine Institute

Jordan E. Lake

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Jaime Zegarra

Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Theresa J. Ochoa

Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Joyce L. Sanchez

Medical College of Wisconsin

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The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston

Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Baylor College of Medicine

Emory University

Instituto de Medicina Tropical

Office of Infectious Diseases

Galveston College

The University of Texas at Austin

University of Houston

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Unchanged Levels of Soluble CD14 and IL-6 Over Time Predict Serious Non-AIDS Events in HIV-1-Infected People

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses (2016)

Meena Sunil Maitreyee Nigalye Anoma Somasunderam María Laura Martínez Xiaoying Yu

HIV-1-infected persons have increased risk of serious non-AIDS events (SNAEs) despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy. Increased circulating levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14), soluble CD163 (sCD163), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) at a single time point have been associated with SNAEs. However, whether changes in these biomarker levels predict SNAEs in HIV-1-infected persons is unknown. We hypothesized that greater decreases in inflammatory biomarkers would be associated with fewer SNAEs. We identified 39 patients with SNAEs, including major cardiovascular events, end stage renal disease, decompensated cirrhosis, non-AIDS-defining malignancies, and death of unknown cause, and age- and sex-matched HIV-1-infected controls. sCD14, sCD163, and IL-6 were measured at study enrollment (T1) and proximal to the event (T2) or equivalent duration in matched controls. Over ∼34 months, unchanged rather than decreasing levels of sCD14 and IL-6 predicted SNAEs. Older age and current illicit substance abuse, but not HCV coinfection, were associated with SNAEs. In a multivariate analysis, older age, illicit substance use, and unchanged IL-6 levels remained significantly associated with SNAEs. Thus, the trajectories of sCD14 and IL-6 levels predict SNAEs. Interventions to decrease illicit substance use may decrease the risk of SNAEs in HIV-1-infected persons.

10.1089/aid.2016.0007

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Maternal and pregnancy-related factors affecting human milk cytokines among Peruvian mothers bearing low-birth-weight neonates

Journal of Reproductive Immunology (2017)

Mara Zambruni Alexander Villalobos Anoma Somasunderam Sarah A. Westergaard Maitreyee Nigalye

10.1016/j.jri.2017.04.001

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Circulating LOXL2 Levels Reflect Severity of Intestinal Fibrosis and GALT CD4+ T Lymphocyte Depletion in Treated HIV Infection

Pathogens and Immunity (2017)

Sophie Seang Anoma Somasunderam Maitreyee Nigalye Ma Somsouk Timothy W. Schacker

Incomplete immune reconstitution may occur despite successful antiretroviral therapy (ART). Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) fibrosis may contribute via local CD4+ T lymphocyte depletion, intestinal barrier disruption, microbial translocation, and immune activation.In a cross-sectional analysis, we measured circulating fibrosis biomarker levels on cryopreserved plasma from adult HIV-infected (HIV+) SCOPE study participants on suppressive ART who also had fibrosis quantification on recto-sigmoid biopsies. Relationships among biomarker levels, clinical and demographic variables, GALT lymphoid aggregate (LA) collagen deposition, and LA CD4+ T lymphocyte density were analyzed using simple regression. Biomarker levels were also compared to levels in HIV+ viremic SCOPE participants and a convenience sample of HIV-uninfected (HIV-) samples.HIV+ aviremic participants (n = 39) were 92% male and 41% non-white, with median age 48 years, CD4+ T lymphocyte count 277 cells/mm3, and 17 years since HIV diagnosis. Most biomarkers were lower in HIV- (n = 36) vs HIV+ aviremic individuals, although CXCL4 levels were higher. HIV+ viremic individuals (N = 18) had higher median TGF-β3, CIC-C1Q, and TIMP-1 (P < 0.05) and lower LOXL2 levels (P = 0.08) than HIV+ aviremic individuals. Only higher LOXL2 levels correlated with more GALT collagen deposition (R = 0.44, P= 0.008) and lower LA CD4+ T lymphocyte density (R = -0.32, P = 0.05) among aviremic individuals.Circulating LOXL2 levels may be a noninvasive measure of intestinal fibrosis and GALT CD4+ T lymphocyte depletion in treated HIV infection. LOXL2 crosslinks elastin and collagen, and elevated LOXL2 levels occur in pathologic states, making LOXL2 inhibition a potential interventional target for intestinal fibrosis and its sequelae.

Gut-associated lymphoid tissue

10.20411/pai.v2i2.180

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Citations (2)