Martina Dardi

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Marc Pagès

United States Department of Agriculture

Marc Pagès Bosch

Jesús Ma Rubio Pérez

M. de Gussem

Enrique Carceller

Emilio del Cacho

Universidad de Zaragoza

Juan-Luis Criado

Amine Mernizi

Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II

Oumayma Arbani

Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II

Kristof van Mullem

Cooperative Institutions

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

University of Padua

Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II

Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal

Schothorst Feed Research

University of Bologna

Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail

University of Milan

University of Lomé

Utrecht University

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Prevalencia europea de "Eimeria praecox". Resultados preliminares de un estudio llevado a cabo en granjas comerciales de broilers en Bélgica, España e Italia

Selecciones avícolas (2008)

Martina Dardi Marc Pagès Bosch E. Martínez Benítez Emilio del Cacho Malo Jesús Ma Rubio Pérez

La coccidiosis aviar es una de las enfermedades mas importantes que afectan al sector avicola a nivel mundial. Se trata de una enfermedad intestinal causada por parasitos protozoarios del genero Eimeria (Apicomplexa) y que se caracteriza por una fase de replicacion del parasito (esquizogonia) en la pared intestinal que causa la mayor parte del dano en el ave hospedadora. Se reconocen habitualmente siete especies de Eimeria que parasitan a las aves del genero Gallus gallus (pollos, gallinas ponedoras y reproductoras) y que varian en su capacidad de producir diarrea, morbilidad y mortalidad (Williams 1998). Estas especies son: Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria brunetti, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria praecox y Eimeria tenella. Estas especies aparecen en cualquier parte del mundo donde se crian pollos. Las siete especies de Eimeria se han detectado en estudios sobre granjas comerciales en varios paises: Republica Checa (Kucera, 1990), Francia (Williams y col. 1996), Suecia (Thebo y col. 1998), Reino Unido (Eckert y col. 1995), Argentina (Mcdougald y col. 1997; Mattiello y col. 2000) y Australia (Jorgensen y col. 1997, Morris y col. 2007).

Eimeria acervulina

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Pathogenesis ofEimeria praecoxin chickens: virulence of field strains compared with laboratory strains ofE. praecoxandEimeria acervulina

Avian Pathology (2009)

R. B. Williams R. N. Marshall Marc Pagès Martina Dardi Emilio del Cacho

The pathogenesis in chickens of the apicomplexan Eimeria praecox was compared with that of Eimeria acervulina, using intestinal lesions, mucosal integrity, body weight gain (BWG) and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) as criteria. Characteristics of each species were described by combinations of polymerase chain reaction assays and classic parasitological signs. There were considerable overlaps in lengths, breadths, shape indices and volumes of the oocysts of each species. Both species caused statistically significant reductions in BWG at the lowest inocula tested (500,000 sporulated oocysts per bird of E. praecox and 250,000 of E. acervulina). E. praecox was observed for the first time to cause actual body weight loss and marked increases in FCR, as did E. acervulina. E. acervulina caused gross, white pathognomonic lesions, but E. praecox caused micro-lesions, visible in fresh tissue only with a dissecting microscope. Occasionally, lesions of the Houghton strain of E. acervulina were observed to be rounded, rather than typically "ladder-like". Both species caused villous erosion and atrophy. No mortality occurred in birds receiving up to 1 million sporulated oocysts of either species. Using BWG and FCR as criteria, the virulence of recent field strains of E. praecox from Wales (Tynygongl) and the USA (Raleigh) was compared with English laboratory strains of E. praecox (Houghton) and E. acervulina (Houghton). E. praecox (Tynygongl) was markedly more virulent than E. acervulina (Houghton), which was more virulent than E. praecox (Raleigh) and E. praecox (Houghton).

Eimeria acervulina

10.1080/03079450903186028

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Efficacy of an attenuated vaccine against avian coccidiosis in combination with feed additives based on organic acids and essential oils on production performance and intestinal lesions in broilers experimentally challenged with necrotic enteritis

Poultry Science (2022)

E. van Eerden Regiane R. Santos Francesc Molist Martina Dardi Luis Augusto Pantoja-Millas

Several factors predisposing to necrotic enteritis (NE) have been identified, including diet and Eimeria spp. infestations. Coccidiosis vaccines are indicated to decrease the intestinal lesions caused by specific Eimeria species that are a known predisposing factor to NE and, consequently, these vaccines could be a holistic approach to the control of NE disease and an alternative solution to coccidiostats. Besides, feed additives have also gained special attention from the poultry industry as an alternative solution to antibiotics to prevent NE as well as other bacterial enteritis. Then, the combination of vaccination against coccidiosis and the supplementation of the diet with feed additives could be a composite approach to the control of NE problems triggered by Eimeria spp. infestation. The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of an attenuated coccidiosis vaccine (EVANT) in combination with different feed additives to prevent the loss of production performance and intestinal lesions in broilers challenged with NE. Healthy day-old broilers (n = 960) were randomly allocated to 6 groups (8 cages/group). Groups 1–2 were left unvaccinated. Groups 3–6 were vaccinated following the manufacturer's instructions. Chickens were grown using a diet favoring the intestinal proliferation of Clostridium perfringens. Moreover, the diets of groups 4–6 were supplemented with medium chain fatty acids (MCFA), butyric acid or phytogenic feed additives (PFA), respectively. A NE infection model was used to challenge groups 2–6; chickens were orally infected with Eimeria maxima (4,500 oocysts) and then C. perfringens (108 CFU) at 15 and 20 d, respectively. Birds were monitored and productive parameters recorded until 42 d; intestinal lesions were scored. Results showed that coccidiosis vaccination, with or without the addition of feed additives, decreased intestinal lesions associated with NE and improved the performance of the birds. Besides, the addition of MCFA to the diet decreased intestinal lesions associated to NE in vaccinated animals compared to all treatment groups. Moreover, the same additive improved the feed conversion rate. Therefore, vaccination with a live attenuated coccidiosis vaccine together with in-feed inclusion of MCFA might be a solution to reduce NE in broilers raised antimicrobial- and coccidiostat-free.

Eimeria maxima

Clostridium perfringens

Coccidiostats

Feed additive

10.1016/j.psj.2022.101848

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Zootechnical and economic evaluation of the use of a live vaccine against coccidiosis.

Albéitar (2012)

Martina Dardi M. de Gussem Kristof van Mullem Hilde Van Meirhaeghe Nele Vandenbussche

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Evaluación zootécnica y económica del uso de una vacuna viva contra la coccidiosis

Albéitar: publicación veterinaria independiente (2012)

Martina Dardi M. de Gussem Kristof van Mullem Hilde Van Meirhaeghe Nele Vandenbussche

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Results of the use of a live vaccine against coccidiosis.

Albéitar (2014)

S. Ronsmans Johan Van Erum Martina Dardi

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Research Note: Indirect evidence of avian Metapneumovirus circulation in broilers in Italy

Poultry Science (2024)

Claudia Maria Tucciarone Matteo Legnardi Mattia Cecchinato Giovanni Franzo Francesca Poletto

The clinical relevance of avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) is growing in the poultry sector, especially in broiler farming, where no vaccination is administered in Italy. Given the naïve status of the birds, a serological survey was conducted in a densely populated area of Northern Italy, to evaluate aMPV circulation. Seven farms were selected and sampled in summer/fall, then sampling was repeated in the following season (winter/spring) to assess a possible seasonal effect. In each farm, fifteen birds were blood sampled towards the end of the cycle and sera were analyzed with an ELISA test. Clinical signs were reported in 5 out of 7 farms, although all farms were positive at both sampling points, except for one, which was negative at the first sampling. The seroprevalence within farm ranged from 26.6% to 100%, and antibody titres appear to increase with age. No seasonality effect was evidenced, whereas a farm effect was more distinct. aMPV circulation appears wide in Northern Italian farms, with different clinical outcomes that could be modulated by intrinsic characteristics of the farms. In absence of vaccination, serological monitoring can be a useful tool for viral entrance monitoring, although sampling timing should be evaluated in order to spot seroconversion after late infections.

Metapneumovirus

Circulation (fluid dynamics)

10.1016/j.psj.2024.104182

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Influencia de un biológico anticoccidiósico sobre los resultados zootécnicos de pollos alimentados con una dieta en base a trigo-cebada

Selecciones avícolas (2009)

Martina Dardi Jesús Ma Rubio Pérez Marc Pagès Bosch Marta Isabel Gracia Lorenzo Jaime Sánchez Laguna

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COCCIDIOSIS CONTROL IN THE EUROPEAN UNION. CURRENT SITUATION AND FUTURE CHALLENGES

한국가금학회 심포지움 (2012)

Marc Pagès Martina Dardi M. de Gussem Juan José Álvarez Rubio R. B. March

Avian coccidiosis is one of the most important diseases affecting the intensive poultry industry worldwide. Despite its outstanding importance and well-known relation with other factors that may influence the health status of the birds and its commercial performance, few studies are available on the distribution of Eimeria species in the field. In Europe the studies available until the present date are, Czech Republic(Ku?era, 1990), France(Williams, 1996), UK(Chapman, 1982, Shirley 1995, Shirley 1997, Williams 2006, Eckert 1995), Norway(Haug, 2008)and Sweden(Thebo, 1998). Most of the published studies have been focused on identifying the seven species of Eimeria which affect Gallus gallus in a European country. However, the only survey that has been done exclusively with samples from broiler farms of Norway is Haug, 2008. In the present study, litter samples obtained in broiler farms from Spain, Belgium, Italy and France were evaluated for the presence of Eimeria species. The evaluation was done using a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) developed at IAH to specifically detect E.acervulina, E.maxima, E.mitis, E.praecox and E.tenella. Together with this molecular tool, oocyst counts and a morphometric evaluation test were also used to analyse the samples. Results obtained provide interesting data on the prevalence of species which affect the broiler birds in Europe as well as the percentage of farms with presence of each species. Together with prevalence data, rotation programs(anticoccidials-vaccines) appear to be of paramount importance to upgrade the flock performances. Data obtained in farms from the Netherlands confirms the advantage of using rotation programs with vaccines composed of Eimeria strains sensitive to anticoccidials.

Flock

Biosecurity

Poultry farming

Litter

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Hipra. Resultados del uso de una vacuna viva frente a la coccidiosis

Albéitar: publicación veterinaria independiente (2014)

S. Ronsmans Johan Van Erum Martina Dardi

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