Bacterial infections caused by pathogenic bacteria are extremely threatening to human health. Currently, the treatment of bacterial infections relies heavily on antibiotics, leading to a high incidence of antibiotic abuse. Bacterial resistance appeared along with the misuse of antibiotics that produced growing harm to human beings. Therefore, a cutting-edge strategy for treating bacterial infections is indeed needed. Here we prepared QCuRCDs@BMoS2 nanocomposites (QBs) for an efficient bacterial trapping and triple quaternary ammonium salt/photothermal/photodynamic bactericidal method. Copper-doped carbon quantum dots were first prepared by using a solvothermal method, modified with quaternary ammonium salts, and then combined with grafted MoS2 nanoflowers. The long alkyl chains of QBs and the sharp surface of MoS2 facilitate the destruction of bacterial structures, while the electrostatic adsorption binds closely to bacteria, shortening the bactericidal distance of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the excellent photothermal performance under 808 nm irradiation in the near-infrared (NIR) region and deep penetrating heat can accelerate oxidative stress and achieve a multisynergistic bactericidal purpose. Consequently, QBs with ideal antibacterial properties and inherent brightness hold great promise in the biomedical field.
This study was conducted to clone partial sequence of 1 305 nucleotides of the prolactin receptor(PRLR) gene in Eastern Zhejiang White geese from genome DNA.Meanwhile,the PRLR gene expression characteristics were investigated during different reproductive periods by real time PCR.Comparisons of concentration of prolactin receptor mRNA in the hypothalamus,pituitary gland and ovary of adult female geese at egg-laying,out-of-lay and incubating periods were made,respectively.The results indicated that there were significant difference(P0.05) in PRLR mRNA expression between different reproduction periods of the geese.The lowest level of PRLR expression was found in out-of-lay geese,higher in the egg-laying geese,and the greatest in incubating geese.Furthermore,the analysis of PRLR expression in different tissues indicated that the highest levels of PRLR was expressed in the pituitary gland,followed in hypothalamus,and the least in ovary of the geese.There were significant difference(P0.01)of PRLR expression between the pituitary gland/hypothalamus and ovary of the geese,whereas no any difference was observed between the pituitary gland and hypothalamus.
Chemotherapy is an effective method for treating cancer, clinically. However, side effects of drug and multidrug resistance restrict its application. In recent years, the combined treatment of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy (PTT) is becoming a promising method for treating cancer. PTT utilizes nanomaterials absorbing near-infrared light and producing heat to acquire advanced hyperthermia strategy for cancer treatment. Carbon nanomaterials with good biocompatibility, high surface area, and excellent photothermal properties are an excellent nanoplatform for drug delivery and PTT. Herein, porous carbon-coated magnetite nanoparticles (PCCMNs) were successfully synthesized by a one-pot solvothermal method. Magnetite, a contrast agent, can be used for magnetic resonance imaging. Hyaluronic acid was used to modify the PCCMNs to achieve targeted therapy. The obtained nanohybrid with a good photothermal effect can realize combined PTT/chemotherapy and will be a promising nanoplatform for high efficacy theranostics.
Abstract Oxidative stress and local overactive inflammation have been considered major obstacles in diabetic wound treatment. Although antiphlogistic tactics have been reported widely, they are also challenged by pathogen contamination and compromised angiogenesis. Herein, a versatile integrated nanoagent based on 2D reductive covalent organic frameworks coated with antibacterial immuno‐engineered exosome (PCOF@E‐Exo) is reported to achieve efficient and comprehensive combination therapy for diabetic wounds. The E‐Exo is collected from TNF‐α‐treated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under hypoxia and encapsulated cationic antimicrobial carbon dots (CDs). This integrated nanoagent not only significantly scavenges reactive oxygen species and induces anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization, but also stabilizes hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α). More importantly, the PCOF@E‐Exo exhibits intriguing bactericide capabilities toward Gram‐negative, Gram‐positive, and drug‐resistant bacteria, showing favorable intracellular bacterial destruction and biofilm permeation. In vivo results demonstrate that the synergetic impact of suppressing oxidative injury and tissue inflammation, promoting angiogenesis and eradicating bacterial infection, could significantly accelerate the infected diabetic fester wound healing with better therapeutic benefits than monotherapy or individual antibiotics. The proposed strategy can inspire further research to design more delicate platforms using the combination of immunotherapy with other therapeutic methods for more efficient ulcerated diabetic wounds treatments.
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