David S. Biedenharn

U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center

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Chester C. Watson

Colorado State University

Colin R. Thorne

University of Nottingham

Charles D. Little

University of Kansas Medical Center

Travis Dahl

U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center

Phil G. Combs

United States Army Corps of Engineers

Philip J. Soar

University of Portsmouth

Oliver P. Harmar

Environment Agency

Lisa C. Hubbard

Institute of Cancer Research

Charles Little

Christopher Haring

U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center

Cooperative Institutions

United States Army Corps of Engineers

U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center

United States Army

U.S. Army Corp of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station

Colorado State University

University of Nottingham

Tetra Tech (United States)

Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory

United States Department of the Army

United States Geological Survey

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Old River, Mississippi River, Atchafalaya River, and Red River (OMAR) system technical assessment : main report

James D. Lewis Jonathan Ashley Timothy Lauth David S. Biedenharn Travis Dahl

This is the main report of Old River, Mississippi River, Atchafalaya River, and Red River (OMAR) Technical Assessment. The primary objective of the OMAR Technical Assessment was to conduct a comprehensive evaluation that aimed to understand the impacts of former and potential changes to the system in the vicinity of the Old River Control Complex (ORCC) over time, the water and sediment delivery regime at the ORCC, and the effects to the river system surrounding the ORCC. Scenarios evaluated in this technical assessment were designed to investigate potential system responses to a wide range of possible operational alternatives and identify knowledge gaps in current understanding of system behavior. This report summarizes and synthesizes the individual reports detailing the investigations into specific aspects of the ORCC and the surrounding region.

10.21079/11681/45080

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Citations (2)

Magnitude-Frequency Analysis of Sediment Transport in the Lower Mississippi River

David S. Biedenharn Charles D. Little Colin R. Thorne

Abstract : Magnitude-frequency analysis of gauging station records (1950-1982) on the Lower Mississippi shows that there is a clearly defined dominant flow of about 30,000 cu m/s. This lies within an effective range of channel-forming flows between 17,000 and 40,000 cu m/s, which are responsible for transporting a disproportionately large percentage of the sediment load. The 33-year period of record is sufficiently long that the occurrence of an extreme high-flow event does not significantly change these results. Hydrographic survey data, long-profile records, and stage-discharge relationships from calibrated one-dimensional flow models indicate that the dominant discharge corresponds to bar-full discharge on the lower Mississippi and that the effective range of flows occurs between the stage that just tops mid-channel bars and that which significantly overtops the bank. Historical trends in bar growth suggest that bar-top elevations have generally risen to the dominant flow elevation over the last 30 years.

10.21236/ada367267

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Methylmercury screening models for surface water habitat restoration : a case study in Duluth-Superior Harbor

David May David S. Biedenharn Brian Johnson Edmund Howe

The placement of dredged material for creating vegetated shallow water aquatic habitat is being assessed for changes in long-term bioavailability of mercury (Hg) to wildlife and humans.The three models used in this study (HERMES, WASP, and SERAFM) were applied in different ways to explore the possible strengths of each model, rather than to make direct comparisons between models.The HERMES model, which was most explicitly changed to account for aquatic plant growth, showed the greatest increases in sediment methylmercury (MeHg).The WASP model, which was most likely simulating a situation where dredged material is placed and aquatic plants do not grow, showed the least overall changes in surface water and sediment MeHg.The SERAFM model, which had the least "flushing" of the surface water in the restored scenario, showed the greatest increases in surface water MeHg (despite entered reductions in sediment Hg).This study focused on the usefulness of each of the models separately for their ability to predict long-term MeHg changes in sediment, sediment porewater, surface water (including suspended particulates), and dissolved-in-surface water after the creation of shallow water habitat, relative to a "no-action" scenario at the site.

Methylmercury

10.21079/11681/25606

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Effective discharge calculation: a practical guide

This Digital Resource was created from scans of the Print Resource (2000)

David S. Biedenharn Ronald R. Copeland Colin R. Thorne Philip J. Soar Richard D. Hey

Abstract : An alluvial river adjusts the dimensions of its channel to the wide range of flows that mobilize its boundary sediments. However, in man)' rivers it has been demonstrated that a single representative discharge can be used to determine a stable channel geometry. The use of a single representative discharge is the foundation of regime and hydraulic theories for detennining morphological characteristics of alluvial channels and rivers. This representative discharge has been given several names by different researchers including dominant discharge, channel forming discharge, effective discharge, and bankfull discharge. This has led to some confusion. The channel forming discharge and the dominant discharge are equivalent and are defined as a theoretical discharge that if maintained indefinitely would result in the same channel geometry as the existing channel subiect to the natural range of flow events. Although conceptually attractive, this definition is not necessarily physically feasible, because bank line vegetation, bank stability and even the bed configuration would be different in a natural stream than in a constant discharge stream. Channel-forming discharge concepts are applicable to stable stream systems, i.e., streams that are neither aggrading or degrading. Channel-forming discharge can be estimated using one of three prescribed methodologies. One such deterministic discharge is the bankfull discharge, which is the discharge that fills the channel to the top of its banks. Another deterministic discharge used to represent the channel-forming discharge is a specified recurrence interval discharge, typically between the mean annual and five-year peak. This report focuses on a third approach to determine the channel-forming discharge, known as the effective discharge. The effective discharge transports the largest fraction of the bed material load. Because of this, the effective discharge can be a good estimator for channel-forming discharge.

Discharge coefficient

Discharge

Confusion

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Citations (81)

The WES Stream Investigation and Streambank Stabilization Handbook

Water resources engineering (1997)

David S. Biedenharn Charles M. Elliott Chester C. Watson

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Channel Geometry Analysis Technique for the Lower Mississippi River

Large Rivers (2007)

Philip J. Soar Colin R. Thorne Oliver P. Harmar David S. Biedenharn C. Fred Pinkard

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Context Data Acquisition and Pre-Processing Analytical Approach and Methodology Results Interpretation and Commentary Conclusion Acknowledgements References

10.1002/9780470723722.ch26

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Effects of geologic outcrops on long-term geomorphic trends : New Madrid, MO, to Hickman, KY

Travis Dahl Justin Giles Kathleen Staebell David S. Biedenharn Joseph B. Dunbar

The Mississippi River between New Madrid, MO, and Hickman, KY, is of particular interest because of divergent trends in water surface profiles at the upstream and downstream ends of the reach. This report documents the investigation of the bathymetry, geology, and hydraulics of this segment of the river. The report shows that the area near River Mile 901 above Head of Passes strongly affects the river stages at low flows. This part of the river can experience high shear stresses when flows fall below 200,000 cfs, as opposed to most other locations where shear stress increases with flow. One-dimensional hydraulic modeling was also used to demonstrate that an increase of depth at a single scour hole, such as the one downstream from Hickman near River Mile 925, is unlikely to cause reach-wide degradation.

Outcrop

Hydraulics

River bed

10.21079/11681/41086

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Demonstration Erosion Control Project Monitoring Program

David S. Biedenharn Nolan K. Raphelt Chester C. Watson

Abstract : The purpose of monitoring the Demonstration Erosion Control (DEC) project is to evaluate and document watershed response to the implemented DEC project. Documentation of watershed responses to DEC Project features will allow the participating agencies a unique opportunity to determine the effectiveness of existing design guidance for erosion and flood control in small watersheds. The monitoring program includes 11 technical areas: stream gaging, data collection and data management, hydraulic performance of structures, channel response, hydrology, upland watersheds, reservoir sedimentation, environmental aspects, bank stability, design tools, and technology transfer. This report includes detailed discussion of the eight technical areas that were investigated by the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station during Fiscal Year 1992, i.e., all of these areas except upland watersheds, reservoir sedimentation, and environmental aspects. In the area of data collection and data management, installation of continuous stage gauge instrumentation at 33 sites and crest gages at an additional 42 sites was completed and data collection initiated. The initial development of the engineering database on Integraph workstations was completed and made available to the US. Army Engineer District, Vicksburg, for testing.

Erosion Control

Monitoring and control

10.21236/ada375784

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Technical assessment of the Old, Mississippi, Atchafalaya, and Red (OMAR) Rivers : geomorphic assessment

Timothy Lauth David S. Biedenharn Travis Dahl Casey Mayne Keaton Jones

This report documents the geomorphic assessment component of the Old River, Mississippi River, Atchafalaya River, and Red River System Technical Assessment. The overall objectives of the geomorphic assessment are to utilize all available data to document the historic trends in hydrology, sedimentation, and channel geometry for the rivers in the vicinity of the Old River Control Complex and to summarize the changes observed at locations where repetitive datasets exist and at key reaches that are determined during the study. The geomorphic assessment tasks include data compilation, geometric data analysis, gage and discharge analysis, dredge record analysis, sediment data analysis, development of an events timeline, and integration of results. Geomorphic reaches were developed, and the morphological trends during different time periods were identified. The geomorphic assessment highlighted the importance of considering spatial and temporal variability when assessing morphological trends.

Time line

Sedimentation

10.21079/11681/45143

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Citations (3)

Magnitude‐frequency analysis of sediment transport in the lower Mississippi river

Regulated Rivers Research & Management (1994)

David S. Biedenharn Colin R. Thorne

Abstract Magnitude‐frequency analysis of gauging station records (1950‐1982) on the Lower Mississippi shows that there is a clearly defined dominant flow of about 30000 m 3 /s. This lies within an effective range of channel‐forming flows between 17000 and 40000 m 3 /s, which are responsible for transporting a disproportionately large percentage of the sediment load. The 33 year period of record is sufficiently long that the occurrence of an extreme high flow event does not significantly change these results. Hydrographic survey data, long‐profile records and stage‐discharge relationships from calibrated one‐dimensional flow models indicate that the dominant discharge corresponds to ‘bar‐full’ discharge on the Lower Mississippi and that the effective range of flows occurs between the stage that just tops mid‐channel bars and that which significantly overtops the banks. Historical trends in bar growth suggest that bar‐top elevations have generally risen to the dominant flow elevation over the last 30 years. In this trained river, where most of the banks are protected by revetments and the alignment is fixed by groynes and spurs, the mid‐channel bars represent the major, contemporary morphological feature of the alluvial river.

Bar (unit)

Elevation (ballistics)

10.1002/rrr.3450090405

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Citations (58)