To study the types and the influences of eustachian tube function disorder in the patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) after radiotherapy.Thirty-two patients of NPC (50 ears) that the eustachian tube function were damaged after radiotherapy were examined by general examination, audiometer test, tympanometry, Tubo-tymanoaerodynamic grapy (TTAG), sonotubometry and endoscope.Two cases (4 ears) showed abnormal patency of eustachian tube, the patients' symptoms were lightly. The eustachian tube adhesion were found in five patients(7 ears), and 17 patients(27 ears) showed eustachian tube complete obstruction, eight patients (12 ears) showed eustachian tube uncompleted obstruction, they had the similitude symptoms.The damaged types of eustachian tube function in patients of NPC after radiotherapy are different, it will harm the ear function. Finding it out will help to choose the treating measures.
Abstract Gluconic metabolic reprogramming, immune response, and inflammation are intimately linked. Glycolysis involves in the pathologic progress in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, the involvement of glycolysis in the acute lung injury (ALI) is still unclear. This study investigated the role of glycolysis in an animal model of ALI. First, we found that lactate content in serum was remarkably increased in ALI patients and a murine model induced by intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The key proteins involving in glycolysis were robustly elevated, including HK2 , PKM2 , and HIF‐1α . Intriguingly, inhibition of glycolysis by 2‐deoxyglucose (2‐DG) pronouncedly attenuated the lung tissue pathological injury, accumulation of neutrophil, oxidative stress, expression of proinflammatory factors in the lung of ALI mice induced by LPS. The 2‐DG treatment also strongly suppressed the activation of the NOD‐like receptor (NLR) family and pyrin domain‐containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Furthermore, we investigated the role of glycolysis in the inflammatory response of primary murine macrophages activated by LPS in vitro. We found that the 2‐DG treatment remarkably reduced the expression of proinflammatory factors induced by LPS, including tumor necrosis factor‐α messenger RNA (mRNA), pro‐interleukin (IL)‐1β mRNA, pro‐IL‐18 mRNA, NLRP3 mRNA, caspase‐1 mRNA, and IL‐1β protein. Altogether, these data provide a novel link between gluconic metabolism reprogramming and uncontrolled inflammatory response in ALI. This study suggests glycolytic inhibition as an effective anti‐inflammatory strategy in treating ALI.
Abstract Necroptosis is the major cause of death in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) during acute lung injury (ALI). Here, we report a previously unrecognized mechanism for necroptosis. We found an accumulation of mitochondrial citrate (citrate mt ) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated AECs because of the downregulation of Idh3α and citrate carrier (CIC, also known as Slc25a1). shRNA- or inhibitor–mediated inhibition of Idh3α and Slc25a1 induced citrate mt accumulation and necroptosis in vitro. Mice with AEC-specific Idh3α and Slc25a1 deficiency exhibited exacerbated lung injury and AEC necroptosis. Interestingly, the overexpression of Idh3α and Slc25a1 decreased citrate mt levels and rescued AECs from necroptosis. Mechanistically, citrate mt accumulation induced mitochondrial fission and excessive mitophagy in AECs. Furthermore, citrate mt directly interacted with FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) and promoted the interaction of FUNDC1 with dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), leading to excessive mitophagy-mediated necroptosis and thereby initiating and promoting ALI. Importantly, necroptosis induced by citrate mt accumulation was inhibited in FUNDC1-knockout AECs. We show that citrate mt accumulation is a novel target for protection against ALI involving necroptosis.
Objective To explore the correlation between radiotherapy and the serumal level of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) in patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods The levels of NO were detected by nitrate reductase method in sera from 20 patients with NPC at the time points before radiotherapy, immediately after radiotherapy, and one year after radiotherapy. 27 healthy adults were taken as control; their levels of NO were also detected. Results ① The levels of NO in NPC patient before radiotherapy was significantly higher than that in of control group (P0.01). ② The levels of NO in NPC patients immediately after radiotherapy were significantly lower that those before radiotherapy (P0.01). ③ The levels of NO in NPC patients one year after radiotherapy were higher than those in control group and NPC patients immediately after radiotherapy (P0.01), but much lower than those in NPC patients before radiotherapy (P0.05). Conclusion NO may play an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of NPC at molecular level. Concentration monitoring of serumal NO maybe helpful to evaluate the state and prognosis of NPC patients.
To evaluate the value of grommet insertion for middle ear effusion in the patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy.Thirty-two recrudescent cases(51 ears) with middle ear effusion after myringotomies were treated by grommet insertion again,and then,the eustachian tube function,hearing and the other symptoms were observed, the effect were evaluated.15.7%(8/51) ears were cured,the total efficiency rate is 96.1%(49/51). The eustachian tube function had been straightened up in 13.7%(7/51)ears,the other symptoms were improved in different degrees for the cars of setting grommet, 25.5% ears occurred otorrhea, 9.8% ears occurred perforation.Grommet insertion is a favorable way for the eustachian tube function straightened up. For the ears that the eustachian tube function damaged seriously, repeated grommet insertion is a good measure for keeping the ear function. In a word, the benefit is more than the loss after grommet insertion.
Abstract Background: Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) can directly regulate various hallmarks of cancer. We aimed to estimate the prognostic value of TERT expression levels in patients with liver cancer and build a radiomics model that can predict the TERT expression levels using The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Methods: Preoperative CT images stored in TCIA with genomic data from TCGA were used for radiomics feature extraction and model construction. The radiomics features were extracted using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis. A logistic regression algorithm was used to construct the model and to extract features based on whole tumor and whole tumor-peritumoral regions; a prognostic scoring system incorporating a radiomics signature based on the TERT expression levels was accepted for survival prediction. Results: TCGA data on 295 liver cancer cases (203 men; age <60 years, 142 and ≥60 years, 153 participants) were used for gene-based survival analysis. High TERT expression was an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) deterioration, involved in immune cell infiltration and ferroptosis, and closely related to several signaling pathways. The 34 cases included in the radiomics model for predicting TERT expression levels achieved areas under the curve of 0.827 and 0.803 in the training and validation sets, respectively. The inclusion of clinical features and important imaging biomarkers can improve the model’s accuracy of OS estimation. Conclusion: Radiomics can predict the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma by predicting TERT expression. CT-based radiomics can serve as a novel and effective tool for predicting prognosis in clinical settings.
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