Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an efficient strategy for tumor treatment. However, Insufficient amounts of inherent hypoxia and intrinsic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the tumor microenvironment severely constrained PDT, as oxygen is the critical substrate for photosensitivity reaction. Here, a pH-responsive H2O2and O2self-supplying hybrid nanoparticle was designed. Through, the calcium peroxide (CaO2) as carriers loading a chemotherapeutic drug a photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl) porphyrin (TAPP) and doxorubicin (DOX), was covered with polyacrylic acid (PAA) to build up a feature material DOX-TAPP-CaO2@OA@PAA (denoted as DTCOP) through the reverse microemulsion method. In the acidic tumor microenvironment conditions exposing the water-sensitive CaO2nanocore to generate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and O2, the self-supplied O2alleviates hypoxia to enhance the PDT, and releasing DOX and TAPP. Synthetic characterization shows that the succeeded synthesized Nanocarriers could effectively carry DOX and TAPP to the tumor site and release O2at the low pH of TME. And the experimental results demonstrated that this interpose exogenous oxygen strategy is efficient at inhibition of tumor growth bothin vitroandin vivo. The nanocomposite exhibits excellent biocompatibility and the ability to inhibit tumor growth and has significant potential for the treatment of hypoxic tumors.
Purpose: The aim of our study is to investigate the differences in therapeutic effects and clinical significance between intravenous systematic chemotherapy and intra-arterial interventional chemotherapy in stage Ib2-IIb cervical carcinomas. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 93 cases of intravenous and 118 cases of intra-arterial neoadjuvant chemotherapy for stage Ib2-IIb cervical carcinomas treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from the year 2001 to 2010. Results: After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the overall response rate was 84.9% versus (vs) 88.2% and the operability rate was 77.4% vs 81.4%, for intravenous vs intra-arterial ( P >0.05). There were no significant differences in toxicities, surgical duration, perioperative blood loss, and operative complications between these two groups. Postoperative pathological examination revealed a significantly lower parametrial infiltration in the intra-arterial group (12.5% vs 38.1%, P <0.05), while the positive vaginal margin, lymph node metastasis, and intravascular tumor embolus showed no significant differences. The intravenous group and the intra-arterial group had similar recurrence rate (16.0% vs 12.3%), distant metastasis rate (9.1% vs 8.5%), and 5 year survival rate (79.5% vs 84.9%), without significant differences. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil are safe and effective for patients with locally advanced cervical carcinomas. The intravenous and the intra-arterial approaches present with similar chemotherapy efficacy and clinical outcome. Since it is more simple and economical, the intravenous systematic approach shows greater value in clinical application. Keywords: cervical carcinoma, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, parametrial infiltration, intravenous systemic chemotherapy, intra-arterial interventional chemotherapy
Our study aimed to comprehensively investigate the age of onset, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, and prognosis of children with trilateral retinoblastoma (TRB).We included 14 patients with TRB diagnosed or followed up in our hospital. The age of onset and MRI features of the intraocular tumor and intracranial lesions were evaluated. A follow-up study was also conducted.A total of 11 participants were diagnosed with concurrent TRB at the age of 11.1±7.4 months, and 3 participants had late-onset TRB at age 37±19.1 months. The incidence of TRB with unilateral eye involvement was 7.1% (1/14). The intraocular tumors showed intense enhancement in contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images (WI) and significant diffusion restriction in diffusion WI (DWI) with an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of (0.619±0.22)×10-3 mm2/s. The intracranial lesions showed similar DWI aspects with an ADC value of (0.680±0.206)×10-3 mm2/s. Therapeutically, 8 participants had a period of intraocular tumor stabilization and significant intracranial lesion volume reduction after chemotherapy, and 6 participants had given up treatment. Only 2 participants who simultaneously received high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue were still alive with no recurrence at 24 and 54 months of follow-up. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 80%, 18.75%, and 12.5%, respectively.Patients with unilateral or bilateral RB can develop TRB. The intraocular and intracranial tumors showed slightly different ADC values. High-dose chemotherapy, combined with stem cell rescue can significantly improve survival. A long term and scheduled follow-up before 60 months of age is necessary for screening later-onset TRB patients.
Purpose The objective of this study is to examine Chinese consumers' behavioural intentions to reduce restaurant food wastage (i.e. intentions to order moderate meal size, and to pack leftovers) in a group context from both psychological and cultural perspectives. Design/methodology/approach This paper used an online self-administered survey for data collection. The measurements were either adopted or adapted from prior studies on pro-environmental behaviours. Using data from 311 Chinese consumers, the authors analysed restaurant food wastage in China by utilising PLS-SEM. Findings By applying an extended value-attitude-behaviour (VAB) hierarchy with information publicity, it is found that materialism, frugality consciousness, information publicity and environmental concern are important factors in influencing individuals' behavioural intentions to reduce food waste in a group dining-out context. Originality/value Drawing upon perspectives of Chinese consumers, this paper outlines key promoters and barriers to food waste mitigation, and provides meaningful insights to policymakers, NGOs, industry stakeholders and even consumers on how to effectively overcome the food waste challenge at the consumption stage in the context of Chinese culture.
Disease narration is common in female literature, but most comments concentrate on patients and rarely make systematic analysis on the image of doctor and doctor-patient relationship. With The Yellow Wallpaper, Awakening and The Bell Jar as examples, this paper argues that in female disease narration, female patients expect doctors to be a communicator between female and the patriarchal world, and the effect of treatment depends on doctor-patient relationship. And the differences in thinking mode and gender distinguish 3 modes of doctor-patient relationship——parent-infant relationship characterized by The Yellow Wallpaper, parent-adolescent relationship characterized by Awakening, adult-adult relationship characterized by The Bell Jar, which together reflect women's living status during different time and their aspiration for equal communication.
Prognostic evaluation is important for personalized treatment in children with medulloblastoma (MB). Limited data are available for risk stratification using a radiomics-based model.To evaluate the incremental value of an MRI radiomics signature in stratifying the risk of pediatric MB in terms of overall survival (OS).Retrospective.A total of 111 children (mean age 5.82 years) with pathologically confirmed MB divided into training and validation cohorts (77 and 34 children, respectively).A 3 T, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging with inversion recovery.The study endpoint was OS defined as the time between the preoperative MRI study and death or last follow-up. The radiomics signature model and a clinical-MRI model were developed for personalized OS prediction. An integrative model, which combined the radiomics signature and clinical-MRI features, was also built using multivariable Cox regression model. The performance of the three models was evaluated with the C-index. The performance of integrative model was assessed by calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA).Independent T-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's exact tests or chi-square test, logistic regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, C-index, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.The media OS was 2.83 years (3.87 ± 1.85 years). Two clinical and one conventional MR imaging features (remnant, adjuvant treatment, and peritumoral edema) were selected for clinical-MRI model building. The integrative model evaluated OS (C-index 0.823) better than either the radiomics signature (C-index 0.702) or the clinical-MRI model (C-index 0.771). And it also showed good performance in the validation cohort (C-indices: 0.786, 0.756, 0.721), which was validated by the good calibration (P > 0.05) and more benefit.This study demonstrated that the integrative model, which combined radiomics signature, clinical, and conventional MRI features, showed best performance in OS evaluation for children with MB. The radiomics signature may confer incremental value over clinical-MRI features.3.Stage 2.
Abstract Background: Though considerable efforts have been made to improve the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the prognosis of patients has remained poor. Identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in EOC progression and exploiting them as novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets for EOC is highly valuable. Methods: Overlapping DEGs were screened out from three independent gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets and subjected to Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. The protein-protein interactions (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed in the STRING database. The top 20 hub genes were selected using cytoHubba. The expression of hub genes was detected in GEPIA, Oncomine, and human protein atlas (HPA) databases. The relationship of hub genes with the pathological stage and the overall survival and progression-free survival in EOC patients was investigated using the cancer genome atlas data. Results: A total of 306 DEGs were identified, including 265 up-regulated and 41 down-regulated. Through the PPI network analysis, the top 20 genes were screened out, among which 4 hub genes were selected after literature retrieval, including CDC45, CDCA5, KIF4A, ESPL1. The four genes were up-regulated in EOC tissues and the expression of these four genes decreased gradually with the continuous progression of EOC. Survival curves illustrated that patients with a lower level of CDCA5 and ESPL1 had better overall survival and progression-free survival. Conclusions: Two hub genes, CDCA5 and ESPL1, identified as playing tumor-promotive roles, could be utilized as potential novel therapeutic targets for EOC treatment.
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