The epilepsy literature shows a high prevalence of psychological and social disorders which are considered more handicapping than seizures themselves. To assess the quality of life (QOL) of patients with epilepsy. Determine the relationship between QOL and level of anxiety, depression and coping strategies. It was a cross-sectional study involving 50 subjects with epilepsy and followed in the outpatient psychiatry department. The state-trait anxiety inventory was used to assess the level of anxiety, whereas the Beck depression inventory was used to measure the severity of depression. The QOL was assessed using the quality of life in epilepsy inventory (QOLIE -31). The items of the Brief COPE were used to assess coping strategies. Coping strategies most frequently used were: emotional support (mean score = 5.52), acceptance (mean score = 5.22) and the emotional expression (mean score = 4.18), but none used the strategies of problem avoidance and self-blame. The average overall score of QOL of our patients was 71.66. It was significantly higher in patients with a minimum level of anxiety (p = 0.012) and those using active coping strategies (p << 0.005), acceptance (p << 0.005) and distraction (p = 0.015). There was no statistically significant relationship between the level of QOL and that of depression. Our results emphasize the importance of reinforcing strategies of adjustment to illness and the role of the anxiety associated with the unpredictability of seizures; it seems to have an important impact on QOL of patients with epilepsy.
Introduction An association can be found between patient with psychosis and perpetrating acts of violence. So, the caregiving role can impact negatively on psychosis carer psychological health and wellbeing. Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in family caregivers of psychotic patients following exposure to aggression. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out involving 95 family caregivers of psychotic patients followed in psychiatry. Data were gathered from caregivers about their experiences in providing care. Sociodemographic and clinical data of patients were collected from medical records.We used the perceptions of prevalence of aggression scale (POPAS) to measure the frequency and severity of aggression directed at the respondent in the past and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) to evaluate PTSD. Results The caregivers were male in 51.6% and with low educational level in 46.3% of cases. A rate of 75.8% of caregivers reported experiencing moderate to severe levels of aggression. More than a half of caregivers (54.7%) reported potentially significant levels of PTSD. Decreased contact with patient (p=0.01), male gender (p=0.00), older age (p=0.00), living far from patient (p=0.00), parent relationship of caregivers (p=0.00), diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (p=0.00) and poor adherence to treatment (p=0.00) in affected relatives were associated with the presence of PTSD following exposure to moderate to severe aggression. Conclusions These findings highlight the need for interventions to promote family psychoeducation and to provide psychosocial support for caregivers of patients in order to prevent the traumatic impact of violence on them.
Introduction Improving the quality of sexual life of patients has become a major therapeutic objective in the management of Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (CIBD). Objectives To assess the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) in patients with CIBD in remission and compare it to healthy controls (HC), and to determine the associated factors Methods This was a cross-sectional study, conducted over 8 months, involving 36 patients with CIBD, who attended the gastroenterology outpatient of Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax (Tunisia). They were compared to 36 HC. Sexual function was assessed with the “Female sexual Function Index” and the “International Index of Erectile Function”. Results In the sample of CIBD, the prevalence of SD was 65.4% in women and 50% in men. Compared to controls, patients with male gender had significantly more impaired erection and orgasm (p=0.005; p=0.002 respectively), and those with female gender had significantly more impaired sexual arousal and desire (p=0.003; p=0.028 respectively). In the sample of patients, having a poor marital harmony and a fewer sexual attraction towards partner were correlated with decreased desire (p=0.017) in men and with sexual arousal (p=0.024) and decreased desire (p=0.048) in women. The number of relapses negatively affects erection (p=0.038) and orgasm (p=0.048). Depression correlated with a decreased orgasm (p=0.001) and desire (p=0.048) in men, and with a decreased sexual arousal (p=0.006) in women. Conclusions SD is common in CIBD, hence the need for a multidisciplinary approach to allow improvement of the quality of life of these patients, and of their partners.
The phytohormone gibberellin is involved in the regulation of many physiological process including flower induction and shoot growth. In this study, gibberellic acid (GA3) was used in order to induce the reversion of olive tree vegetative buds towards a floral ones in vitro. For this, six varieties (Marsaline, Chemchali, Picholine, Chemlali, Zalmati and Oueslati ) was tested and explants, consisting of a single node segments, were grown in media containing three concentrations of GA3 (1, 2 and 10 mg/l). Results show that Marsaline seems to be the most able variety in regenerating floral structures. For this variety, 5 cases of reversion were observed mainly on the medium containing 10 mg/l GA3. This same medium was also favorable for this transformation for the other varieties (3 cases on Picholine, one each on Chemchali , Zalmati and Oueslati). The examination of the histological sections confirmed this transformation. In addition, this experiment showed that GA3 can be at the origin of an interesting growth rate of vegetative buds, which elongation depend on variety as well as GA3 concentration.
Introduction The COVID pandemic brought an overwhelming impact on hospital systems and personnel in the world. Objectives Our study aimed to examine the impact of the COVID pandemic on the attitude and mental health of healthcare professionals working in COVID departments. Methods We included 23 healthcare professionals working in the COVID departments of the Hospitals of Sfax. Sociodemographic data, medical history and COVID related details were collected from the participants. Their mental health was assessed by the Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Results In our sample, 26.1% were men and 73.9% were women, they were aged from 26 to 52. They worked for 57 hours per week, including 27.38 hours of direct contact with COVID positive patients and 5.43 nightshifts per month. A rate of 52.2% of the participants claimed having enough protection tools and 13% confirmed having enough equipment for patient management. 30.4% feared the lack of equipment and 39.1% considered themselves trained enough to manage COVID patients. As for the protective measures, 95.7% reduced contact with family members, 30.4% stopped visiting their parents, 8.7% left the family house and 4.3% didn’t take any particular measure. The mean HADS depression score was 9.61, and 60.86% had a Depression score equal or greater than 8, indicating depression. As for the HADS Anxiety score, its mean was 10.61 and 69.56% had a score equal or greater than 8, indicating anxiety. Conclusions The pandemic had a big impact on healthcare professionals working in COVID departments, as shows the relatively high depression and anxiety rate. Disclosure No significant relationships.
Objective This study examined the prevalence and correlates of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) among primary care outpatients. Method A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted that included 707 primary care outpatients being seen at 20 primary healthcare centers in Tunis and Sfax, Tunisia. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to identify a diagnosis of GAD. The Beck Depression Inventory was used to assess depressive symptom severity, and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) was used to measure functional impairment. Results The prevalence of GAD was 11%. GAD was positively correlated with female gender ( P = .005), family history of psychiatric disorder ( P < .001), personal history of suicide attempt ( P = .019), and depressive symptoms ( P < .001). Based on the SDS, severe to very severe functional limitations were reported at work, in social life, and family life (56.4%, 60.2%, and 73.1%, respectively) among GAD patients. Conclusion This study indicated a relatively high prevalence of GAD among primary care patients in Tunisia. Risk factors were also determined that may help to identify these patients. This information may help primary care physicians recognize this diagnosis and provide timely referrals to mental health professionals to prevent complications and preserve quality of life.
the management of patients with psychosis is associated with a risk of exposure to violence which can affect all the stakeholders, in particular the family entourage. Caregiving role generates violence and this can have a psychological impact on the caregivers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of aggressions perpetrated by patients with psychosis on their family caregivers as well as to assess the psychological and traumatic impact on family caregivers and to identify factors associated with it.family caregivers of patient with psychosis were interviewed. We used two psychometric scales: the perception of prevalence of aggression scale (POPAS) and the impact of event scale-revised.the whole number of participants was 95. Three out of four caregivers (75.8%) reported having been subjected to moderate to severe aggressions by their sick relatives during the past year. Moderate to severe aggressions were significantly more common among older male caregivers, parents of patients with psychosis living in a different home. Fifty-four point seven percent of caregivers had possible posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the risk of developing this disorder increased significantly as the perceived severity of aggressions increased. The same sociodemographic profile of the caregivers, related to the severity of the aggressions, was associated with a risk of developing PTSD in the caregivers.the aggressions committed by patients with psychosis against their family caregivers appear to have a significant psychological and traumatic impact. Interventions targeting violence committed by patients with psychosis in their family environment should also be integrated into patient management.
