Abstract. Coniothyrium Minitans is a kind of biological fungicide with high control effect against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. There is a potential and simplification method to deliver a mixture of compound fertilizer and Coniothyrium Minitans powder into seedbed simultaneously with rape seed by using combined seeder.For this purpose, the special slow-releas fertilizer, common compound fertilizer and Coniothyrium Minitans powder were taken as the research objects and the triaxial size, hygroscopicity, friction coefficient and caking property of the fertilizers and the mixture of the fertilizer and the powder were measured by the determinator for agricultural materials. The results showed that the natural repose angle of special slow-release compound fertilizer, common compound fertilizer and Coniothyrium Minitans powder was 30.45 °, 32.20 ° and 44.88 ° respectively. The static friction coefficient with iron plate was 0.35, 0.41 and 0.70, which was similar with the acrylic plate that was 0.45, 0.57 and 0.70. The moisture absorption ratio of special slow-release compound fertilizer, common compound fertilizer and Coniothyrium Minitans was 0.213%, 0.287% and 0.267% respectively in ten to twenty minutes. While later twenty minutes the ratio beginning to change, the average increment of moisture absorption ratio was 0.006%ã0.287% and 0.015%, respectively. The natural repose angle and static friction coefficient of the mixture increased with the increase of the addition of Coniothyrium Minitans. Although the moisture absorption of the mixture increased gradually with growth over time, it was significantly lower than the bare fertilizer in the first twenty minutes, which indicated that Coniothyrium Minitans could be effectively inhibited the moisture absorption of fertilizer. This study provided a reference for using the fertilizer and powder mixture by employed a combined seeder for rapeseed.
Abstract. Existing rapeseed cultivation in the mid-lower Yangtze River area in China, which is planted after the rice-growing season with sticky soil and a large number of straw, has a persistent challenge that the traditional deep fertilization device of rapeseed combined seeder obsessed with straw entanglement and soil adhesion, highlighting a need for deep fertilization technology and equipment. The purpose of this research was to optimize the fertilizer outler of the fertilizer shovel in order to improve the operation performance. The discrete element simulation platform was built to analyze the influence of independent variables on the working performance of fertilizer shovel with the width of fertilizer belt, the quality of returned soil and the uniformity of fertilizer particle distribution as the evaluation indexes, and the quadratic regression orthogonal rotational combination test was carried out to optimize the structure parameters. The results of single factor test showed that when the opening height was 50 mm to 70 mm, angle of guide plate was 40° to 50° and the opening of retaining plate was 10° to 20°, the fertilizer outlet had better effect of distribution uniformity of fertilizer and the return flow of soil. Through quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test, the results showed that there was a certain interaction between angle of guide plate with opening of retaining plate. When opening height was 58.041 mm , deflector inclination angle was 42.420° and opening degree of baffle was13.585°, the fertilizer shovel with trumpet structure had a good operation performance of ditching width, which met the requirements of rape mechanical direct-sowing and the agronomic requirements of precise fertilization.
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