This study thoroughly analyses the requirements of English as a Second Language (ESL) courses offered at Green University of Bangladesh with a focus on the specific linguistic demands of students who are majoring in Engineering, Business, and Computer Science. One hundred students and five instructors participated in the research, which employed a mixed-methods approach to analyse both quantitative and qualitative data collected using questionnaires, focus group discussion, interviews, and diagnostic tests. When comparing student needs with what is taught in ESP programs, the findings reveal a significant gap, particularly in the areas of academic writing, oral communication, and technical terminologies. Students, especially those having backgrounds in Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) and Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE), voiced concerns about the difficulty of technical language and public speaking, while teachers emphasized on the importance of expanding students' specialist vocabulary and providing more hands-on communication activities. Despite the importance of industry standards and real-world applications as per students' academic and professional performance, the research states that the current ESP curriculum falls short in meeting these demands. More hands-on activities and specialist content, together with better preparation for educators to lead specialized language courses, are two ways that the curriculum may be improved to better suit these needs. The paper highlights the need of tailoring ESP courses as per the needs of students in different disciplines and suggests curriculum modifications to prepare students for the global job market.
This study aims at exploring the extent of linguistic varieties which are issues of gender disparity in our society. Language is the most advanced form of communication possessed only by humans. Linguistic elements direct our expressions, feelings and thought, and languages even help us transmit knowledge, ideas and beliefs from one generation to another. In fact, language is systematic as it follows rules. However, it is believed that men and women have a strong natural tendency to use different patterns of a language. Connection between language and gender attracted many researchers’ attention, but some critics of mid-twentieth century considered such studies to be purely feministic. With the passage of time, our social structure met considerable changes which influenced our languages. The objective of this project is to give reasonable answers to the questions regarding the gender speech differences in today’s world. Survey method was applied in order to maintain high standards of research ethics and improve the research quality. This study managed to engage 384 respondents; among them 51% were male and 49% female. According to survey data, 68% of the participants reported that women always tend to use exaggerated expressions and words that can assist in building rapport. Further, it involves finding out whether there is any difference between speech patterns of different age groups coming from the same gender. By delving into both historic and contemporary documents, this experiment will lead us to widen the scope of research on various ways of communication.
Rural women in developing countries do not have any option but to visit the distant city to see the obstetricians and gynecologists in case of any maternal and child health issues. However, it becomes more difficult to travel during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Thus, the telehealth service using the Portable Health Clinic can be very effective for maternal and child health care services. Since the PHC system provides home delivery services through the local health workers, the rural women can avail regular continuum of care services. This study found a 300% increase in participation in the continuum of care. This is not because they receive the service at home but also because they can receive consultancy from urban specialist doctors without travel during the pandemic situation.
The aerobic heterotrophic bacterial count of four pond water samples ranged between 6.92×104 and 1.72×106cfu/100 ml. The highest count (1.72×106 cfu/100 ml) was recorded in Zahurul Haq Hall pond water.Enteric bacterial count was found in between 1.69×104 and 3.31×105 cfu/100ml in water samples. A total of 79 isolates were obtained of which 24 were randomly selected for further study. Among them Bacillus, Micrococcus and Planococcus were Gram-positive, while Escherichia, Enterobacter and Klebsiella were Gram-negative. Physicochemical parameters of the ponds satisfied water quality standards except NH4+-N. Among the ponds, CODCr and BOD5 values of the water samples were 18.29-19.75 mg/l and 3.18-6.05 mg/l, respectively. Most of the Gram negative bacteria were found to be multi drug resistant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11083 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 55-60, 2012 (June)
Introduction: Inguinal hernias and hydroceles are among the common surgical problems in children. Both the hernia and hydrocele share a similar aetiology. Inguinal hernia in a child is usually an indirect inguinal hernia due to patent processus vaginalis. Likewise a fluid filled sac typically found in the scrotum may result from patent processus vaginalis or due to an imbalance between the secretion and absorption within the tunica vaginalis. Very little study was done in Bangladesh on inguinal hernia and hydrocele though these are very common in children.
Objective: To observe the pattern of inguinal hernia and hydrocele amongst the children reported to a tertiary level hospital.
Materials and Methods: This observational study was carried out in the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka during the period of January 2014 to December 2017. During the study period, a total of 258 children with inguinal hernia and hydrocele admitted in this hospital for operative treatment were included in this study.
Results: During the study period 258 children with inguinal hernia and hydrocele were operated. Among them 246 (95.35%) had inguinal hernia and 12(4.65%) had hydrocele. Out of the children with inguinal hernia 206 (83.74%) were male and 40(16.26%) were female with male female ratio of 5.15:1. All had indirect inguinal hernia. Right side was involved in 140(56.91%) children. Out of 246 children with inguinal hernia, 161(65.44%) reported between 6 months to 5 years. Thirteen (5.28%) presented before 6 months and 72 (29.27%) presented after 5 years of age. All children were operated by traditional open method as admitted case. Among 12 children with hydrocele 10(83.33%) had right sided hydrocele and 2(16.67%) had hydrocele on the left side.
Conclusion: Inguinal hernia and hydrocele occur most frequently in premature neonates. Inguinal hernia does not resolve spontaneously and there is high risk of incarceration requiring operative treatment as early as possible.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 46-50
Introduction: Neonatal intestinal obstruction is the commonest surgical emergency in neonatal period. The outcome in neonatal intestinal obstruction has improved dramatically due to the improvements in diagnostic facilities and neonatal intensive care, and surgical advances.
Objective: To detect the pattern of neonatal intestinal obstruction, to find out their cause and outcome after management.
Materials and Methods: This was a 10 years retrospective review of all children aged 28 days and below, managed for intestinal obstruction between March 2006 and February 2016 at the Pediatric Surgical Division of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka. Patients who were presented with septic shock, pneumonia, very low birth weight and extreme prematurity, Anorectal malformation were excluded from the study.
Result: Out of 196 patients, male patients were 135(68.87%), female 61(31.12%) and male to female ratio was 2.2:1. Most common cause of intestinal obstruction was Intestinal atresia 55(28.08%) followed by Hirschsprung disease 45(22.93%), Meconium ileus 43(21%), Malrotation of gut 23(11.73%), duodenal atresia 12 (6.12%), gastroschisis 10(5.10%) and other case 8(4.01%). Majority of neonates 158(80.61%) presented within 1st week of life and survival rate was 83.16%. Mortality in preterm was much higher 19(70.35%) than in term newborns 21(12.42%).
Conclusion: Dedicated delicate neonatal surgical care, early diagnosis and intervention are the crucial factors in improving operative outcome in neonatal surgery.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 24-28
The number of deaths of a mother and child caused by maternal and child healthcare (MCH) issues has been greatly decreased recently, but still, the number is extremely high especially in developing countries. Although the governments have been given a priority in this issue, the lack of financial and human resources brings a limit. Thus, the use of low-cost but appropriate technology is required. Portable Health Clinic (PHC), a telemedicine system developed for providing primary healthcare, is such a technology. This study aimed to address this MCH issue with the aid of a low-cost PHC service involving a continuum-of-care protocol to the rural communities of Bangladesh. Moreover, this study introduces a triage protocol to distinguish high-risk patients from the early stage of the continuum of care who need special care and refer to specialized physicians to prevent unwanted deaths.
Introduction: Cholelithiasis is being frequently diagnosed in children, although not as often as in adult. The real aetiology of gallstone formation is poorly understood, but some inciting factors are assumed to be involved in gallstone formation in children. Traditionally cholelithiasis in children is classified as haemolytic or nonhaemolytic in origin. Nonhaemolytic cholelithiasis seems to be more frequent than haemolytic cholelithiasis at present. Aim: To find out the pattern of childhood cholelithiasis presenting in a tertiary level military hospital. Methods: This retrospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Paediatric Surgery, CMH Dhaka from January 2015 to December 2018. A total of 35 children with cholelithiasis were admitted in this hospital. Results: During the study period 35 children with cholelithiasis were admitted. Among them maximum children 31(88.6%) were in the age group of 6-12 years. Out of them 23(65.7%) were female and 12(34.3%) were male making a female to male ratio of 1.92:1. Twelve children (34.3%) were asymptomatic and 23(65.71%) were symptomatic. Among symptomatic group 10(28.6%) had biliary colic, 10(28.6%) had nonspecific abdominal pain and 3(13.0%) had acute abdominal pain. Out of these 35 children, only 4(11.4%) had link with haemolytic anaemia. Conclusion: Cholelithiasis in children is being recognized with increased frequency in recent years. The ratio of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis varies considerably in different countries and centres. Childhood cholelithiasis has less chance of complication and high rate of resolution. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 1 (June) 2020: 8-11
This paper aims at presenting an investigation into the theories of gender and sex-based language which are detailing the deficit, the dominance and the sub-cultural approach as defined by many social researchers and linguists in the field of gender and sex discourse. Tertiary level students have been repeatedly identified as a source of inter-individual variation in language development; however, their interactions have been investigated infrequently. Though sex differences are constant focal points for experiments regarding emerging language skills, data remain scarce and are not consistent across university life. The questions as to whether university impacts male and female students equally, as well as concerning the consistency of these differences throughout university socialization, remain open. In this research, the consistency of sex differences among the tertiary level students has been evaluated in the light of language theory. Therefore, the debate about whether language should be studied as a separate, distinct entity or it can be resolved if the notion of activity is adopted as it would be allowed for the understanding of language as constituting reality, reflecting modification and developments. Following the crises of the society of the past and present era, both similarities and dissimilarities between men and women speech appear to be significant issues which are worth studying. Finally, the study demonstrates in the field of language to understanding how and when language use constructs gender differences as a social category.
