Hydrogen (H), emerging as a sustainable and promising clean energy source, holds significant potential for transitioning towards a H-based economy, offering a cleaner alternative to traditional fossil fuels. However, hydrogen embrittlement (HE) poses a substantial obstacle to this transition, impacting critical sectors such as transportation, defense, energy production, and construction. Computational modeling, driven by the continuous development of new algorithms and high-performance computing platforms, emerges as an attractive avenue to unravel and address the complexities associated with HE. In particular, a multidisciplinary modeling approach shows potential in investigating the intricate interactions between H and materials across different temporal and spatial scales. Over the last few decades, there have already been many developments in computational modeling investigations based on a coupled study of H diffusion, deformation, and fracture processes to address multifaceted aspects of the HE problem. This comprehensive review sheds light on these advancements, providing insights into the modeling methodologies adopted in these investigations and their results. The review begins with a concise overview of commonly adopted mechanisms to explain HE. Thereafter, the discussion shifts to various advancements in H diffusion modeling, from early works to most recent developments, encompassing diverse aspects, such as H uptake and diffusion through the lattice structure and the role of microstructural traps and material microstructure. The last section of the review focuses on several theoretical and numerical studies that simulate how H affects the fracture characteristics and mechanical properties of various metals and alloys. This discussion includes applications of various state-of-the-art fracture models to predict H-assisted crack growth, as well as a range of theoretical models, continuum-based finite element simulations, and micro-meso scale modeling studies.

Multiscale Modeling

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.07.348

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A Multiphysics Model for Assessing Casing Integrity in Sour Service Applications

Day 3 Wed, October 05, 2022 (2023)

Alok Negi Imad Barsoum Akram Alfantazi

Abstract Structural integrity assessments are vital for ensuring the safety and efficiency of oil and gas wells, especially in sour service applications. The casings used in drilling operations are critical as mechanical barriers against leaks among different well-construction components. However, their susceptibility to environment-assisted crack growth, like sulfide stress cracking (SSC), presents challenges for casing mechanical integrity management. Conventional analytical methods are quick but can be overly conservative in material selection. Recently, multiphysics modelling of fracture has emerged as an accurate simulation approach, leveraging tools such as hydrogen diffusion models, fracture mechanics, and finite element analysis. In this work, a coupled deformation-diffusion phase-field finite element framework is used to model SSC nucleation and growth in a sour environment. The multiphysics model employs coupling between structural deformation, hydrogen diffusion due to H2S exposure, and fracture processes to simulate SSC. The numerical results show good agreement with the experimental data for different levels of H2S exposure. A numerical study is also conducted to study SSC nucleation and growth in pre-notched mini-pipe subjected to internal pressure and H2S exposure. The findings of this investigation provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of a coupled phase-field approach to study the combined role of stresses and through-wall hydrogen gradients on pipe failure.

Multiphysics

10.2118/216664-ms

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Crack Growth Simulation in Quasi-brittle Materials Using a Localizing Gradient Damage Model

Lecture notes in mechanical engineering (2020)

Alok Negi Sachin Kumar

Coalescence (physics)

Brittleness

Material failure theory

10.1007/978-981-15-0772-4_20

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