Abstract. Inflammation of the deep structures of the eye in cattle, in particular the vasculature, is rarely diagnosed, the cure rate is very small, due to insufficient study of diseases of the vascular tract of the eye. Inflammation of the vascular tract (uveitis) in cattle rarely becomes the object of scientific research, despite its prevalence. Uveitis, like many other diseases of the organ of vision, often leads to blindness, such animals are forced to cull, causing significant economic damage to agriculture. The disease has been poorly studied in productive animals, with the exception of horses, however, the literary sources concerning uveitis in cattle are isolated and unsystematic. Bovine uveitis requires a thorough and comprehensive study of the features of etiopathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, and the development of rational therapy. The article highlights the clinical symptoms of fibrinous uveitis of streptococcal etiology in cattle. Fibrinous uveitis is characterized by involvement in the inflammatory process of the iris and ciliary body. The disease is accompaniedby sequential complications: synechia; cataracts and glaucoma; lysis of the lens and vitreous body, which leads to subatrophy of the eye. In the development of fibrinous uveitis streptococcal etiology should distinguish four stages: inflammatory hyperemia of the choroid; stage of fibrinous exudation and synechia; glaucoma and cataract stage, lens resection; enophthalmos. The disease stages consist of two phases: the phase of septic inflammation; phase of autoimmunization (phakogenic uveitis). Keywords : uveitis, cattle, eye, fibrinous, streptococcal, organ of vision
Modelling of the toxico-allergic uveitis is better conducted on rabbits. For the treatment, contrary to corticosteroids that generate a number of side effects (e.g. suppression of reaction, immune inhibitions etc.), one can successfully use nonsteroid drugs, particularly Voltaren and Vetofluxin, which render phagocytes stimulation and immunoglobulin control. As a result, use of these drugs brings to recovery within 7 days. The decrease in the level of immunoglobulins in the blood serum during the treatment of uveitis compared with levels untreated animals was accompanied by a sharp attenuation of the inflammatory response in the blood test and taking into account the features of immunological protection of the eye (the presence of blood-ocular barrier between blood and chamber moisture, vascular membrane, retina, vitreous body) it should be emphasized that the body as a whole responds to the inflammatory process in the uveal tract. Considering toxico-allergic uveitis as an autoimmune disease and in respect that the positive effects of the drugs used on inflammatory and allergic processes, we can predict that the drugs we use are able to participate in the regulation of antibody-forming function of B-cells and inhibite autoimmune disorders. Both treatment schemes show the stimulating effect on phagocytosis, comparing with using phytohemagglutinin, which show no effect. In experimental toxico-allergic uveitis, the treatment regimen in the first experimental group not only did not reduce, but moreover, retained the potential effect on the phagocytic activity of leukocytes. Compared with phytohemagglutinin impact on phagocytosis, found that both represented treatment strategies stimulate the phagocytosis. In experimental toxico-allergic uveitis, Voltaren and Vetofluxin not only did not reduce, as is usually the case with corticosteroids, but moreover, clearly showed a stimulating effect on the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages. Thus, studies have shown that in the treatment of such a severe inflammatory process as uveitis, in contrast to corticosteroids, the use of which is accompanied by a number of undesirable effects (inhibition of regeneration, inhibition of immune reactions, etc.), you can successfully use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in particular Voltaren and Vetofluxin. The stimulating phagocytosis effect of Voltaren and Vetofluxin and ability to regulate the levels of immunoglobulins during inflammation has been established.
