Kevin C. Salamanez

University of the Philippines Los Baños

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Evelyn B. Rodriguez

University of the Philippines Los Baños

Aurora M. Baltazar

University of the Philippines Los Baños

Mark Louis P. Vidallon

Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute

Arnoldus M. Mangao

University of the Philippines Los Baños

Marivic S. Lacsamana

University of the Philippines Los Baños

Ronaniel A. Almeda

University of the Philippines Los Baños

Charina Gracia Banaay

University of the Philippines Los Baños

Elgin V San Gabriel

University of the Philippines Los Baños

Antonio L. Rayos

University of the Philippines Los Baños

Oliver SALANGAD

Cooperative Institutions

University of the Philippines Los Baños

University of the Philippines System

International Rice Research Institute

La Trobe University

Monash University

University of the Philippines Manila

Alberta Glycomics Centre

University of Alberta

University of the Philippines Diliman

The University of Tokyo

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Barnyard grass [Echinochloa crus‐galli (L.) Beauv] leaves extract against tomato pests

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture (2021)

Melvin A. Castrosanto Michael Russelle Alvarez Kevin C. Salamanez Ruel C. Nacario Gladys C. Completo

Abstract BACKGROUND Tomato is one of the widely cultivated crops worldwide that is affected by several pests, such as fungi ( Fusarium oxysoporum , Alternaria solani ), bacteria ( Pectobacterium carotovorum ) and weeds ( Cyperus iria L., Amaranthus spinosus ). A growing interest has emerged for developing plant‐derived pesticidal compounds to counteract these pests. One attractive alternative is to use barnyard grass ( Echinochloa crus‐galli ), known to be widely resistant to synthetic herbicides, as a potential biopesticide compound source. RESULTS Phytochemical screening of the crude extract showed that phenolic compounds were the most abundant component present in barnyard grass. The crude extract was evaluated for antifungal, antibacterial and herbicidal activities. Bioassays showed inhibition against F. oxysporum (10.73 ± 1.30%) and A. solani (20.47 ± 3.51%), the causative agent of Fusarium rot and early blight disease in tomato, respectively. Antibacterial activity against P. carotovorum gave a mean zone of inhibition (paper disc diffusion assay) of 17.00 ± 1.00 mm and an IC 50 (dose–response assay) of 2.26 mg mL −1 was observed. Dose–responsive herbicidal activity on the lettuce seed germination bioassay produced an IC 50 of 459.30 ppm. Selectivity studies showed inhibition towards C. iria and A. spinosus with no effect on tomato. Lastly, bioassay‐guided fractionation coupled with untargeted metabolomics studies using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection–tandem mass spectrometry mass analyses revealed loliolide and tricin as the putative metabolites present in barnyard grass. CONCLUSION To date, this is the first reported study on using barnyard grass as a potential alternative biopesticide against tomato pests such as fungi, bacteria and weeds. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Alternaria solani

Echinochloa crus-galli

10.1002/jsfa.11298

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Citations (9)

Nanodelivery system based on zein-alginate complexes enhances in vitro chemopreventive activity and bioavailability of pomelo [Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.] seed limonoids

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology (2019)

Gio Ferson M. Bautista Mark Louis P. Vidallon Kevin C. Salamanez Evelyn B. Rodriguez

Limonin

Limonoid

Nutraceutical

Gastric fluid

10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101296

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Citations (22)

Aqueous extract from leaves of Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell as potential bioherbicide

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture (2019)

Arnoldus M. Mangao Sheryl Lozel Arreola Elgin V San Gabriel Kevin C. Salamanez

Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell, one of the problem weeds in some rice-producing countries, was studied to determine its allelopathic potential based on the effects of aqueous extracts of its tissues (leaves, roots and stem) on seedling growth of selected weeds and rice. The major phenolic compound of its leaves was also isolated and characterized.L. hyssopifolia aqueous leaf extract showed significant inhibition of shoot growth and biomass accumulation of weeds (Amaranthus spinosus L., Dactyloctenium aegyptium L., Cyperus iria L.) while maintaining less adverse effects on rice (crop) compared to other aqueous extracts of roots and stem. Phytochemical screening showed that phenols, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and coumarins are found in its leaf aqueous extract. The Folin-Ciocalteu method revealed that its leaves contain 26.66 ± 0.30 mg GAE g-1 leaf. The extract was then acid-hydrolyzed to liberate the phenolics (25 mg phenolics g-1 leaf). The major compound was isolated via preparative thin-layer chromatography using formic acid-ethyl acetate-n-hexane (0.05:4:6) solvent system. It had maximum UV absorption at 272 nm while its Fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed phenol, carboxylic acid and ether functionalities. This also had similar chromatographic mobility when run together with syringic acid in two-dimensional paper chromatography and thin-layer chromatography.L. hyssopifolia has potential allelopathic activity and its leaf aqueous extract showed the highest phytotoxic activity (P ≤ 0.05) indicating its potential as a bioherbicide. The most probable identity of the major phenolic compound is syringic acid. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Syringic acid

Allelopathy

Bioherbicide

Phytochemical

10.1002/jsfa.10128

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FATTY ACID AND UNSAPONIFIABLE COMPOSITION OF TEN PHILIPPINE FOOD PLANT OILS FOR POSSIBLE NUTRACEUTICAL AND COSMECEUTICAL APPLICATIONS

The Journal Agriculture and Forestry (2019)

Evelyn B. Rodriguez Oliver SALANGAD Ronaniel A. Almeda Charisse T. Reyes Kevin C. Salamanez

Unsaponifiable

Cosmeceuticals

Nutraceutical

Edible oil

Food composition data

10.17707/agricultforest.65.3.10

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Potential allelopathic compounds from the leaves of Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaetrn and Sphaneticola trilobata (L.): isolation, characterization and bioherbicide application

Kevin C. Salamanez

Bioherbicide

Allelopathy

Isolation

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Acetolactate synthase activity and growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and weed species treated with the herbicide Propyrisulfuron

Crop protection newsletter (2015)

Kevin C. Salamanez Aurora M. Baltazar Evelyn B. Rodriguez Marivic S. Lacsamana Abdelbagi M. Ismail

Acetolactate synthase

Upland rice

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Effect of propyrisulfuron on growth and acetolactate synthase activity of five weed species and three rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars.

Kevin C. Salamanez Aurora M. Baltazar Elia Ballesteros Rodríguez Marivic S. Lacsamana A. M. Ismail

Acetolactate synthase

Upland rice

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Citations (1)

Rice bran phospholipid-based nanovesicles for enhanced oral and topical delivery of capsaicinoids

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology (2020)

Anabel B. Abulencia Mark Louis P. Vidallon Ronaniel A. Almeda Kevin C. Salamanez Evelyn B. Rodriguez

Gastric fluid

Chorioallantoic membrane

Capsaicin

Delivery system

10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102005

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Citations (7)

Bioherbicidal activity of Medinilla magnifica lindl. leaf extract

Philippine Agricultural Scientist (2021)

Jose Carmelo P. Tinio Antonio L. Rayos Mae Joanne B. Aguila Kevin C. Salamanez

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TRICHODERMA-INDUCED SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE AGAINST THE SCALE INSECT (UNASPIS MABILIS LIT & BARBECHO) IN LANZONES (LANSIUM DOMESTICUM CORR.)

The Journal Agriculture and Forestry (2019)

Benji Brayan Ilagan Silva Charina Gracia Banaay Kevin C. Salamanez

Unaspis mabilis infestations have been causing huge economic losses to the lanzones industry in the Philippines since 2009.This study, therefore, seeks to determine the use of Trichoderma as myco-biocontrol agent to increase lanzones (Lansium domesticum) defense and resistance against this insect.Two experiments were designed to test for the protective and rescuing capacity of Trichoderma inoculation against the insect pest.For both experiments, leaf area, leaf count, scale insect populations and densities were observed over time.Additionally, to assess the phytochemical response of the plants, the concentrations of jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, total phenol content, and total flavonoid content were also measured in the rescuing capacity experiment.Results indicated that the plants inoculated with Trichoderma were performing better, showing lower populations and slower growth rate of the insect, than the uninoculated plants for both the protective and rescuing capacity experiments.Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, phlobatannins, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, and alkaloids in the leaves of L. domesticum.Total phenols and flavonoids showed decreasing concentrations as the infestation progressed, while the concentrations of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid in scaleinsect-infested plants were found to be influenced by the inoculation of the plants with Trichoderma.

Scale insect

Trichoderma

10.17707/agricultforest.65.2.05

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Citations (3)